Osman Silva is an oceanographer and holds a PhD. in civil engineering from Campinas State University and a postdoctoral program from the Sao Paulo University, Brazil. He works as a deputy manager at the Department of Water Resources Management from the Brazilian National Water Agency (ANA).

1. IWRM and regional diversity in
Brazil: an adaptive management
opportunity or constraint?
Osman Fernandes da Silva
Marseille
March 14, 2012

2. BRAZIL - CHARACTERIZATION
SOCIOECONOMICAL ASPECTS
DEMOGRAPHIC DENSITY INDEX OF HUMAN DEVELOPMENT - IHD
LEGEND
Municipal IHD
no information
MEDIUM PRECIPITATION SURFACE WATER AVAILABILITY IHD Rank *
84° - Brazil - 0.718
20° - France - 0.884
• Area: 8,57 million Km²
• Population: 192.376.496 (2011)
LEGEND
Specific Runoff (l/s/Km²)
<2
2 to 4
4 to 10
10 to 20
20 to 40
> 40
Estimates for 2011. (Source: Wikipedia)

3. BRAZILIAN FEDERAL CONSTITUTION (1988)
Federal Rivers 105.810 km • Around 75% of Brazil’s territory is
State Rivers 526.825 km compounded by shared interstate
river basins.
Federal Jurisdiction
(surface waters)
State Jurisdiction
(surface and
groundwater)
• WRM is under 28 jurisdictions (so, we
have 28 water management systems)
• Multiple rules and procedures for
management, operation and regulation

4. National Water Resources Management System

5. National Water Resources Management System

6. Horizontal
BRAZILIAN
WATER AGENCY
Descentralization
ical n
Vert alizatio
entr
Desc
Horizontal
Descentralization
• Shared management: is necessary to coordinate and organize the water governance at some levels
• Fundament: clear division of competences and responsabilities (Subsidiarity Principle ‘Institutional’)
• Governance: is necessary to evolve and insert representative actors in the process (stakeholders).
• Requisites: resilient institutions, collaborative efforts and sound capacity at all levels.

7. CROSS-SECTORIAL INTEGRATION
• INSTITUTIONAL
FRAMEWORK
WATER
FOR
WATER
• ENABLING
AND
WATER WATER WATER INDUS-
ENVIRONMENT FOR FOR AND TRY
SANIT-
FOOD NATURE ENERGY AND
ATION
• MANAGEMENT OTHER
INSTRUMENTS USES
The Core Political Process: to facilitate a better understanding of water issues
by political decision-makers, including sectors outside the water sector, and to
help give greater consideration to these issues at all levels of decision-making.
(http://www.worldwaterforum6.org/index.php?id=18)
Source: Adapted by “Training manual on water integrity” (2009)

8. PROBLEM CHARACTERISATION SOLUTION
High degree of Highly urban-industrialized basin PCJ Basin Committee
wastewater pollution High IHD rank Water/Basin Agency
Very high water High level of social organization Implementation of all
demand/availability manag. instruments
Low-medium degree of Urban-rural basin Rio Grande Basin
wastewater and Hydroelectric power generation Committee Office of
agricultural pollution Medium IHD rank Water
Medium water Medium level of social Implementation of
demand/availability organization part of the manag. inst
Rural basin
Low degree of Piranhas-Açu Basin
Low IHD rank
pollution, but Committee
eutrophised reservoirs Low level of social organization in
the committee, but high level of Reservoirs
Very high water Management
social organisation in the
demand/availability Commission
“Reservoirs Management
Commission” (water allocation) Implement a few instr.

9. NATIONAL UNITS FOR WATER
RESOURCES MANAGEMENT
Piranhas-Açu
Committee Basin
12 Hydrographic
Regions and
27 States Limits
Rio Grande Committee Basin
PCJ Committee Basin

10. Conclusion
• The institutions created to promote IWRM must
reflect regional/local conditions, like:
– types of water related problems
– level of social organization (or its potential)
– financial capacity to support the actions
– public authority’s technical capacity
• IWRM and regional diversity in Brazil: an
adaptive management opportunity or constraint?

11. Thank you!
Osman Fernandes da Silva
Water Resources Expert
osman.silva@ana.gov.br | (+55) (61) 2109 –5438
www.ana.gov.br
www.twitter.com/anagovbr www.youtube.com/anagovbr