Essential Biology 3.6, 7.6, C2 Enzymes

Blog resource: http://tinyurl.com/6j5fh6c Click4Biology: http://tinyurl.com/6x8mazg Cite all sources using the CSE method (or ISO 690 Numerical in Word). The first example has been done for you. Highlight all objective 1 command terms in yellow and complete these before class. Highlight all objective 2 and 3 command terms in green – these will be part of the discussions in class. After class, go back and review them. This EssBio is Core and AHL/ SL Option C2 together. This one can be printed for drawing. 
Define the following:
enzyme“globular protein* which acts as a catalyst for biological reactions”CITATION And07 p 18 l 1033 (1 p. 18)active sitedenaturation
*Read ahead – state the level of protein structure of a globular protein. 

State the suffix usually applied to the end of the name of enzymes and list three examples, with their functions.
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Explain enzyme-substrate specificity, using a diagram and referring to the lock-and-key model.
State the function of polar regions of amino acids on the active site of the enzyme.
Explain the effects of temperature, pH and substrate concentration on the rate of an enzyme-controlled reaction.
TemperaturepHSubstrate concentration
Explain the industrial production of lactose-free milk.
Problem: some people are lactose-intolerant and cannot digest lactose.

Describe why simply adding lactose to milk is ineffective.
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Explain the use of immobilized lactase in production of lactose-free milk
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List two other commercial uses of enzymes.
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AHL 7.6/ SL Option C2 content begins. 
Explain the lowering of activation energy by enzymes.
Describe the induced-fit model of enzyme activity, with reference to conformational change and activation energy.
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A metabolic pathway is a chain or cycle of enzyme-controlled reactions.
List two examples of chain pathways.
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List two examples of cyclical pathways.
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In the space below, draw and annotate diagrams to explain the difference between competitive and non-competitive inhibitors.
CompetitiveNon-competitive 
Distinguish between competitive and non-competitive inhibition.
Competitive Non-competitivePlace of action Active siteAllosteric siteEffect on enzymeConformational change of active siteEffect on activityFewer active sites available for reactionGraph of effect of inhibitor on activityTherapeutic exampleAntabuse is a competitive inhibitor of aldehyde oxidase, which breaks down the toxic intermediate step of alcohol metabolism. It is used in treating alcoholism – if the patient drinks alcohol he/she will feel very ill.
Explain end-product inhibition of enzyme-controlled pathways as an example of negative feedback control, using E. coli’s control of tryptophan as an example.
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Works Cited BIBLIOGRAPHY 1. Allott, Andrew. IB Study Guide: Biology for the IB Diploma. s.l. : Oxford University Press, 2007. 978-0-19-915143-1.2. Mindorff, D and Allott, A. Biology Course Companion. Oxford : Oxford University Press, 2007. 978-099151240.3. Clegg, CJ. Biology for the IB Diploma. London : Hodder Murray, 2007. 978-0340926529.4. Campbell N., Reece J., Taylor M., Simon. E. Biology Concepts and Connections. San Fransisco : Pearson Benjamin Cummings, 2006. 0-8053-7160-5.5. Taylor, Stephen. Science Video Resources. [Online] Wordpress, 2010. http://sciencevideos.wordpress.com.6. Burrell, John. Click4Biology. [Online] 2010. http://click4biology.info/.7. IBO. Biology Subject Guide. [Online] 2007. http://xmltwo.ibo.org/publications/migrated/production-app2.ibo.org/publication/7/part/2/chapter/1.html. Self Assessment: Essential BiologyAssessmentCriterionComplete (2)Partially complete (1)SelfMrTPresentation & OrganisationNAComplete and neat. All command terms highlighted, tables and diagrams well presented. Academic HonestyNASources cited using the CSE (ISO 690 numerical) method, with Works Cited section complete and correct. Objective 1 understandingAll answers for the following command terms correct:Most answers for the following command terms correct:Define Draw Label List Measure StateObjective 2 understandingAll answers for the following command terms correct:Most answers for the following command terms correct:Annotate Apply Calculate Describe Distinguish Estimate Identify OutlineObjective3understandingAll answers for the following command terms correct:Most answers for the following command terms correct:Analyse Comment Compare Construct Deduce Derive Design Determine DiscussEvaluate Explain Predict Show Solve Sketch SuggestLogic, notation, mathematical workingNAAnswers are presented in a logical and concise manner. SI units used most times, with correct unit symbols and definitions of terms. All mathematical working shown.Further researchNAEvidence is apparent of research and reading beyond the textbook and presentations to find correct answers to challenging questions. If any questions are unanswered, this criterion scores zero. Total (max 10):

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Essential Biology 3.6, 7.6, C2 Enzymes

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