MusicFX: An Arbiter of Group Preferences for Computer Supported Collaborative Workouts (CSCW98)

MusicFX: An Arbiter of Group Preferences for Computer Supported Collaborative Workouts Joe McCarthy Ted Anagnost Andersen Consulting Center for Strategic Technology Research

Outline
UbiComp & Intelligent Environments
The MusicFX System
Evaluating Group Preference Arbitration
Future Work

Ubiquitous Computing
Proliferation of networked devices
phones, TVs, cam's, mic's, microwaves, refrigerators...
Distribution of computing resources
portable, wearable, embedded
New paradigm of computing
input/output ( foreground ) --> sense/respond ( background )

Intelligent Environments
“ UbiComp in a box”
Interconnected, cooperating devices
Concentrated in a small area (e.g., one room)
Redefining HCI
users --> inhabitants

Observation 1
Most UbiComp applications focus on single individuals in multiple spaces
Active Badge: open doors, teleporting
ParcTab: information access, email
What about multiple inhabitants in a single, shared space ?

Observation 2

Music in the Fitness Center (FX)
Popular in the Complaint Department
25% of “feedback” focused on music
RSI: Repetitive Song Injury
3 stations played, 91 available (DMX)
Squeaky Wheels
Vocal minority prevails over silent majority
Hangovers
This morning’s music = last night’s music

Four Issues for any Intelligent Environment
Who’s here?
What are they doing?
What are their preferences?
What can I do to help?

Four Issues for MusicFX
Who’s here?
Members who login [badge reader]
What are they doing?
Working out while listening to music
What are their preferences?
Diverse (to say the least)
What can I do to help?
Play “good” music

The MusicFX System
Database of musical preferences
Group Preference Arbitration algorithm
Group Preference Calculation
Candidate Identification
Weighted Random Selection operator

Music Preference Database
275 fitness center members
91 musical genres (DMX stations)
5-point rating scale
+2 = I love this music
+1 = I like this music
0 = I don’t mind this music
-1 = I dislike this music
-2 = I hate this music

Group Preference Arbitration
Weighted Random Selection

Where
GP i = G roup P reference for genre i
IP i,j = I ndividual P reference of person j for genre i
N = N umber of inhabitants

Sort genre list by GP i
Remove any undesireable genre
Individual Preference Filter
Candidates are the first M genre
Group Preference Filter

Weighted Random Selection
Calculate weights for candidates
Probabilistically select genre according to W i

An example

Environmental Events
Member entrance
Login (badge reader)
Member exit
Timeout (90 minutes)
Individual Preference Update
System Parameter Adjustment
Individual / Group Preference Filter, Maximum Play Time
Maximum Play Time Elapsed

The Success of MusicFX
Daily operation since November 1997
Poll results (after 6 weeks)
 : increased variety, having some influence
 : abrupt changes, occasional “bad” music

Evaluating Group Preference Arbitration
Calculate the “goodness” of MusicFX
Estimate the “goodness” of old scheme
Compare the old with the new

The “Goodness” of MusicFX
Individual Satisfaction rating ( IS )
Time i,j = time person j spent listening to genre i
IP i,j = person j ’s Individual Preference for genre i

The “Goodness” of MusicFX
Overall Satisfaction rating ( OS )
For all N members

Individual Satisfaction for all 275 FX Members

The “Goodness” of the Old Days
Three genres ( n=3 )
Hottest Hits, Power Hits, Dance
Assume each person listened to each genre 1/3 of the total time spent working out

Comparing the Old with the New
Overall Satisfaction
“ Old scheme”: 0.44
MusicFX: 0.64
8% higher (statistically significant)

Average Individual Preferences

Top 10 Stations

MusicFX Anecdotes
Veto power & IPF
Uncommon variety
The Polka incident
The Chinese Music incident

The Future of MusicFX
Better awareness of inhabitants
Alternative rating/voting schemes
Alternative arbitration schemes

Individual Satisfaction after 6 months (Avg: 0.64)

Average Preferences after 6 months (Avg: -0.39 to -0.50)

Future Group Preference Applications

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MusicFX: An Arbiter of Group Preferences for Computer Supported Collaborative Workouts (CSCW98)

by Joe McCarthy on May 19, 2007

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MusicFX: An Arbiter of Group Preferences for Computer Supported Collaborative Workouts (CSCW98) — Presentation Transcript