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www.studentyogi.com                                                          www.studentyogi.com
       Code No: R05210202
                                                                               Set No. 1
          II B.Tech I Semester Supplimentary Examinations, November 2008
                 FLUID MECHANICS AND HYDRAULIC MACHINERY
                              (Electrical & Electronic Engineering)
       Time: 3 hours                                                                        Max Marks: 80
                                   Answer any FIVE Questions
                                 All Questions carry equal marks



         1. (a) Why does the viscosity of a gas increases with the increasing temperature
                 while that of liquid decreases with increasing temperature.
             (b) Glycerin has a density of 1260 3 and kinematic viscosity of 0.00183
                    2/sec. What shear stress is required to deform this uid at a strain rate of
                  104 -1?
             (c) A thin plate is placed between two at surfaces ‘h’ cm a part such that the vis-
                   cosity of liquids on the top and bottom of the plate are 1 2 respectively.
                   Determine the position of the thin plate such that the viscous resistance
                   to                                                    [4+4+8]
                   uniform motion of the thin plate is minimum. Assume ?h? to be very
         2. (a) What do you mean by turbulence ?
                   small.
              (b) What do you mean by one, two, three dimensional ow?
                   -
             (c) Derive the continuity equation for one dimensional uid ow. [2+6+8]

         3. (a) Derive the Darcy-weisbach equation for friction head loss in a pipe.
             (b) Water is owing through a horizontal pipe line 1500m long and 200mm in
                 diameter. Pressures at the two ends of the pope line are respectively 12Kpa
                 and 2Kpa. If f = 0.015, determine the discharge through the pipe in litres per
                 minute. Consider only frictional loss.                                                [8+8]

         4. (a) Derive the expressions for force and work done per second by the jet when it
                  strikes a curved plate moving in the direction of the jet.
             (b) A jet of water 20cm in diameter and moving with a velocity of 20m/sec im-
                  pinges normally on a series of at vanes mounted on the periphery of a wheel.
                  If the velocity of the vanes is 8m/sec, determine
                    i. the force exerted by the jet on the wheel
                   ii. work done by the jet on the wheel per second and
                  iii. hydraulic e ciency.                                                             [7+9]

         5. (a) What are the elements of hydro electric power plants? Describe about water
                 ways and penstocks with neat sketches if necessary.
             (b) The catchment area at a proposed site for a hydropower plant is 200 2 and
                  possible head of water is 140 m. The average annual rainfall is 145 cm and
                  the losses are 16%. How much power can be developed? [8+8]



                                                        1 of 2




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       Code No: R05210202
                                                                          Set No. 1
         6. (a) Why is the end of a draft tube immersed below the tail water level. Explain
                 with a neat sketch. De ne draft tube e ciency and derive its equation
             (b) A Kaplan turbine has the following details about its draft tube. Find the
                  pressure at inlet of the draft tube.
                  Inlet diameter of draft tube = 2m
                  Out let diameter of draft tube = 3m
                  Velocity of water at outlet = 4.2 m /sec
                  Atmosphere pressure = 10.1 m of water
                  Height of draft tube above tail race = 3.5m
                  Loss of head in draft tube = 0.2 times the velocity head at outlet. [8+8]

         7. (a) De ne unit power and unit speed and derive the equations for the same. What
                  are their uses ?
             (b) What is a surge tank and what are the uses of it in a hydropower turbine
                 installation ? Explain where and how it is located with the help of a neat
                 sketch.                                                                       [8+8]

         8. (a) What equation is employed to nd the work done by the impeller of a cen-
                 trifugal pump. Derive the equation for work done.
             (b) What are the equations for work done and discharge of a reciprocating pump?
                 De ne the slip and coe cient of discharge of a reciprocating pump. [8+8]




                                                    2 of 2




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       Code No: R05210202
                                                                              Set No. 2
          II B.Tech I Semester Supplimentary Examinations, November 2008
                 FLUID MECHANICS AND HYDRAULIC MACHINERY
                              (Electrical & Electronic Engineering)
       Time: 3 hours                                                                      Max Marks: 80
                                   Answer any FIVE Questions
                                 All Questions carry equal marks



         1. (a) Obtain an expression for capillary rise of a liquid.
             (b) The velocity distribution over a plate is given by V = 1/3 y - 2 in which v
                  is the velocity in m/sec at adistance y metres obve the plate. Determine the
                  stress at y = 0 and y = 0.1 m. Take = 0 835 - 2 [8+8]

         2. A pipeline is 15 cm in diameter and is at an elevation of 100 m at section A. At
            section B, it is at an elevation of 107.0 m and has a diameter of 30 cm. When a
            discharge of 50 lit/sec of water is passed through this pipe, the pressure at section
            A is observed to be 30 KPa. The energy loss in the pipe is 2 m. Calculate the
            pressure at B when the ow is (i) from A to B, (ii) from B to A. [16]

         3. (a) Explain how the following ow problems are analyzed.
                     i. Series pipe connection
                    ii. Parallel pipe connection
                   iii. Equivalent pipe connection.
             (b) Water ows through a 10cm diameter, 30m long pipe at a rate of 1400 rpm.
                 What percent of head would be gained by replacing the central one third
                 length of pipe by another pipe of 20cm diameter. Assume that the changes
                 in section are abreept and f = 0.008 for all pipes. Neglect entrance and exit
                 losses but consider ma jor loss and losses due to sudden contraction and sudden
                 expansion.                                                                      [9+7]

         4. (a) Derive an expression for the force exerted by a jet striking the curved plate at
                  one end tangentially when the plate is symetrical.
             (b) A jet of water 120 mm in diameter and moving with a velocity of 25m/sec
                  strikes normally on a at plate. Determine the power developed and the
                  e ciency of the system when
                     i. the plate is stationary
                    ii. the plate is moving with a velocity of 8m/sec in the direction of the jet.
                         And
                   iii. the plate is moving with a velocity of 8m/sec towards the jet. [7+9]

         5. (a) What is the name of hydroelectric power station that uses the ow of stream
                 as it is available ? How do you compare this with reservoir or storage type of
                 power station ? Explain with neat sketches if necessary.



                                                       1 of 2




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       Code No: R05210202
                                                                            Set No. 2
             (b) The hydro power plant has a turbine with the following details. Find the
                  power developed and what is the speci c speed of the turbine. Hydraulic
                  e ciency = 90%. Net head =65 1 discharge=15 3/s, speed=100 rpm [8+8]

         6. (a) What is the classi cation of turbines ? How do you di erentiate among low
                 head, medium head and high head turbines ?
             (b) A Pelton wheel is working under a head of 45m and the discharge is 0 8 3 .
                  The mean bucket speed is 14m/sec. Find the power produced if the jet is
                  de ected by the blades through an angle of 1650. The coe cient of velocity is
                  0.985                                                                            [10+6]

         7. (a) What is speci c speed of a turbine ? Derive its expression and compare it
                 with unit speed. What are its applications ?
             (b) An Impulse turbine has to maintain the same e ciency under di erent working
                  conditions. By what percentage shall the discharge increase if the head changes
                  from 50m to 75m.                                                              [10+6]

         8. (a) What is manometric e ciency of a centrifugal pump? De ne with the help of
                 a sketch. Di erentiate it from volumetric e ciency and mechanical e ciency.
             (b) A single acting reciprocating pump has a plunger of diameter 0.3m and stroke
                  of length 0.4m. If the speed of the pump is 60 rpm and coe cient of discharge
                  is 0.97, determine the percentage slip and actual discharge of the pump. [8+8]




                                                      2 of 2




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       Code No: R05210202
                                                                           Set No. 3
          II B.Tech I Semester Supplimentary Examinations, November 2008
                 FLUID MECHANICS AND HYDRAULIC MACHINERY
                              (Electrical & Electronic Engineering)
       Time: 3 hours                                                                   Max Marks: 80
                                   Answer any FIVE Questions
                                 All Questions carry equal marks



         1. (a) Distinguish between ideal uids and real uids. Explain the importance of
                  compressibility in uid ow.
             (b) The velocity distribution in a ow of thin lm of oil down an inclined channel
                 is given by =       2µ * ( 2 - 2) . Where d=depth of ow, = angle of
                 inclination of that channel to the horizontal, u = velo city at a depth ‘y’ below
                 the free surface, = unit weight of oil and = dynamic viscosity oil. Calculate
                 the shear stress
                    i. on the bottom of channel,
                   ii. at mid depth and
                  iii. at the free surface.                                                          [8+8]

         2. (a) State the momentum equation. How will you apply momentum equation for
                   determining the force exerted by a owing uid on a pipe bend?
             (b) The top and bottom diameters of a 2.0 m long vertical tapering pipe are 10
                  cm and 5 cm respectively. Water ows down the pipe at a rate of 30 lit/sec.
                  Find the pressure di erence between the two ends of the pipe. [8+8]

         3. (a) Derive an expression for head loss due to sudden enlargement of a pipe
             (b) An oil of speci c gravity 0.85 and viscosity 5CP ows through a pipe of di-
                  ameter 400mm at the rate of 50 lit/sec. Find the head lost in friction in this
                  pipe of length 1000Km. Assume that f = 0.079/ N N is Reynolds
                  Number.                                                                            [8+8]

         4. (a) What do you mean by impact of jet. Explain
             (b) Derive an expression for force exerted by the jet on a stationary vertical plate.
             (c) A 10cm diameter jet of water exerts a force of 2 KN in the direction of ow
                 against a stationary at plate which is inclained at an angle of 300 with the
                 axis of the stream. Find
                    i. Force normal to the plate
                   ii. velocity of the jet
                  iii. mass ow rate of water Kg/sec.                                               [2+6+8]

         5. (a) De ne mass curve. Explain how the storage capacity of a reservoir is estimated
                  using a mass curve.
             (b) Di erentiate between net head and gross head of a turbine with a neat sketch.
                  List out the e ciencies of a turbine and de ne them. [8+8]

                                                     1 of 2




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       Code No: R05210202
                                                                          Set No. 3
         6. (a) De ne a turbine and bring out the di erences between reaction turbine and
                  impulse turbine in a tabular form.
             (b) The details of a Pelton wheel turbine installation are given below. Find the
                  power developed and hydraulic e ciency.
                  Gross head = 510 m
                  Loss of head in penstock = 30%
                  Discharge through nozzle = 2.2 3 / sec
                  Angle of de ection of jet = 1650

                  Co e cient of velocity v = 1
                  Speed ratio u= 0.45                                                               [8+8]

         7. (a) De ne and write about characteristic curves of hydraulic turbines ? With the
                  help of neat sketches explain their practical uses.
             (b) A turbine develops 10000 Kw with an overall e ciency of 90%. The head of
                  water is 90 m and the speed of turbine is 120 rpm. What is the ow rate
                  of water for the turbine ? Find unit power, unit discharge, unit speed and
                  speci c speed of the turbine. What is the type of turbine. [8+8]

         8. (a) Why do es a centrifugal pump get its name ? Explain the working of a cen-
                 trifugal pump with a neat diagram showing di erent parts.
             (b) Explain clearly the e ect of acceleration of piston on velocity and pressure in
                  suction pipe and delivery pipe. De ne slip and coe cient of discharge and
                  write their equations.                                                           [6+10]




                                                        2 of 2




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       Code No: R05210202
                                                                                  Set No. 4
          II B.Tech I Semester Supplimentary Examinations, November 2008
                 FLUID MECHANICS AND HYDRAULIC MACHINERY
                              (Electrical & Electronic Engineering)
       Time: 3 hours                                                                    Max Marks: 80
                                   Answer any FIVE Questions
                                 All Questions carry equal marks



         1. (a) State Newton’s equation of viscosity and give examples of its application.
             (b) An oil of viscosity 5 poise is used for lubrication between a shaft and sleeve.
                  The diameter of shaft is 0.5 m and it rotates at 200 rpm. Calculate the horse
                  power lost in the oil for a sleeve length of 100 mm. The thickness of the oil
                   lm is 1.0 mm.                                                                       [8+8]

         2. (a) Explain what is meant by stream tube. What is the use of concept of stream
                  tube?
             (b) At a point in the pipe line where diameter is 20 cm, the velo city of water is
                  4 m/s and the pressure is 343 2. At a point 15 cm downstream, the
                  diameter reduces to 10cm. Calculate the pressure at this point, if the pipe is
                  vertical with ow downward. Neglect the losses.                                       [8+8]

         3. (a) De ne Ma jor Energy Loss and Minor Energy Loss.
             (b) Brie y explain Hydraulic Gradiant Line and Total Energy Line.
             (c) The rate of ow of water through a horizontal pope is 0 3 3 . The di-
                  ameter of the pipe is suddenly enlarged fron 25cm to 50cm. The pressure
                  intensity in the smaller pipe is 1 4 2. Determine loss of head due to
                  sudden enlargement, pressure intensity in the large pipe and power lost due
                  to enlargement.                                                             [4+4+8]

         4. (a) Derive the expressions for force and work done per second by the jet when it
                  strikes a at vertical plate moving in the direction of the jet and away from
                  the jet.
             (b) A jet of water of 75mm diameter strikes a curved vane at its center with a
                  velo city of 20m/sec. The curved vane is moving with a velocity of 8m/sec in
                  the direction of jet. Find the force exerted on the plate in the direction of the
                  jet power and e ciency of the jet. Assume the plate to be smooth. [8+8]

         5. (a) List and write elaborately about the elements of Hydroelectric station with
                   neat sketches .
             (b) The head and discharge of a hydro electric plant are 28m and 330 3
                  respectively. The installed turbine works with an e ciency of 86%. Find the
                  power developed.                                                                    [10+6]

         6. (a) How are the turbines classi ed under di erent heads ? Give sketches wherever
                  necessary.


                                                          1 of 2




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       Code No: R05210202
                                                                            Set No. 4
             (b) A Pelton wheel turbine works with the following details. Determine the water
                  power available at the nozzle and hydraulic e ciency
                  Net head = 700 m
                  Speed of runner = 950 rpm
                  Diameter of runner = 1.2 m
                  Discharge through the nozzle = 0.15 3/ sec
                  Side clearance angle = 150
                  Co e cient of velocity v = 0.9
                  Blade friction coe cient K = 1
                                                                                                   [8+8]

         7. (a) What is meant by cavitation ? What is Thoma,s cavitation factor and what
                 is its signi cance for turbines ? Elaborate what you understand by water
                 hammer phenomenon in turbines.
             (b) A turbine works under a head of 25m at 200 rpm and the discharge is 9 3 /
                 sec. If the overall e ciency is 90%, determine Power generated, Speci c speed
                 of the turbine and Type of turbines.                                          [10+6]

         8. (a) What is manometric e ciency of a centrifugal pump? De ne with the help of
                 a sketch. Di erentiate it from volumetric e ciency and mechanical e ciency.
             (b) A single acting reciprocating pump has a plunger of diameter 0.3m and stroke
                  of length 0.4m. If the speed of the pump is 60 rpm and coe cient of discharge
                  is 0.97, determine the percentage slip and actual discharge of the pump. [8+8]




                                                     2 of 2




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05210202 Fluid Mechanics And Hydraulic Machinery

  • 1. www.studentyogi.com www.studentyogi.com Code No: R05210202 Set No. 1 II B.Tech I Semester Supplimentary Examinations, November 2008 FLUID MECHANICS AND HYDRAULIC MACHINERY (Electrical & Electronic Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks 1. (a) Why does the viscosity of a gas increases with the increasing temperature while that of liquid decreases with increasing temperature. (b) Glycerin has a density of 1260 3 and kinematic viscosity of 0.00183 2/sec. What shear stress is required to deform this uid at a strain rate of 104 -1? (c) A thin plate is placed between two at surfaces ‘h’ cm a part such that the vis- cosity of liquids on the top and bottom of the plate are 1 2 respectively. Determine the position of the thin plate such that the viscous resistance to [4+4+8] uniform motion of the thin plate is minimum. Assume ?h? to be very 2. (a) What do you mean by turbulence ? small. (b) What do you mean by one, two, three dimensional ow? - (c) Derive the continuity equation for one dimensional uid ow. [2+6+8] 3. (a) Derive the Darcy-weisbach equation for friction head loss in a pipe. (b) Water is owing through a horizontal pipe line 1500m long and 200mm in diameter. Pressures at the two ends of the pope line are respectively 12Kpa and 2Kpa. If f = 0.015, determine the discharge through the pipe in litres per minute. Consider only frictional loss. [8+8] 4. (a) Derive the expressions for force and work done per second by the jet when it strikes a curved plate moving in the direction of the jet. (b) A jet of water 20cm in diameter and moving with a velocity of 20m/sec im- pinges normally on a series of at vanes mounted on the periphery of a wheel. If the velocity of the vanes is 8m/sec, determine i. the force exerted by the jet on the wheel ii. work done by the jet on the wheel per second and iii. hydraulic e ciency. [7+9] 5. (a) What are the elements of hydro electric power plants? Describe about water ways and penstocks with neat sketches if necessary. (b) The catchment area at a proposed site for a hydropower plant is 200 2 and possible head of water is 140 m. The average annual rainfall is 145 cm and the losses are 16%. How much power can be developed? [8+8] 1 of 2 www.studentyogi.com www.studentyogi.com
  • 2. www.studentyogi.com www.studentyogi.com Code No: R05210202 Set No. 1 6. (a) Why is the end of a draft tube immersed below the tail water level. Explain with a neat sketch. De ne draft tube e ciency and derive its equation (b) A Kaplan turbine has the following details about its draft tube. Find the pressure at inlet of the draft tube. Inlet diameter of draft tube = 2m Out let diameter of draft tube = 3m Velocity of water at outlet = 4.2 m /sec Atmosphere pressure = 10.1 m of water Height of draft tube above tail race = 3.5m Loss of head in draft tube = 0.2 times the velocity head at outlet. [8+8] 7. (a) De ne unit power and unit speed and derive the equations for the same. What are their uses ? (b) What is a surge tank and what are the uses of it in a hydropower turbine installation ? Explain where and how it is located with the help of a neat sketch. [8+8] 8. (a) What equation is employed to nd the work done by the impeller of a cen- trifugal pump. Derive the equation for work done. (b) What are the equations for work done and discharge of a reciprocating pump? De ne the slip and coe cient of discharge of a reciprocating pump. [8+8] 2 of 2 www.studentyogi.com www.studentyogi.com
  • 3. www.studentyogi.com www.studentyogi.com Code No: R05210202 Set No. 2 II B.Tech I Semester Supplimentary Examinations, November 2008 FLUID MECHANICS AND HYDRAULIC MACHINERY (Electrical & Electronic Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks 1. (a) Obtain an expression for capillary rise of a liquid. (b) The velocity distribution over a plate is given by V = 1/3 y - 2 in which v is the velocity in m/sec at adistance y metres obve the plate. Determine the stress at y = 0 and y = 0.1 m. Take = 0 835 - 2 [8+8] 2. A pipeline is 15 cm in diameter and is at an elevation of 100 m at section A. At section B, it is at an elevation of 107.0 m and has a diameter of 30 cm. When a discharge of 50 lit/sec of water is passed through this pipe, the pressure at section A is observed to be 30 KPa. The energy loss in the pipe is 2 m. Calculate the pressure at B when the ow is (i) from A to B, (ii) from B to A. [16] 3. (a) Explain how the following ow problems are analyzed. i. Series pipe connection ii. Parallel pipe connection iii. Equivalent pipe connection. (b) Water ows through a 10cm diameter, 30m long pipe at a rate of 1400 rpm. What percent of head would be gained by replacing the central one third length of pipe by another pipe of 20cm diameter. Assume that the changes in section are abreept and f = 0.008 for all pipes. Neglect entrance and exit losses but consider ma jor loss and losses due to sudden contraction and sudden expansion. [9+7] 4. (a) Derive an expression for the force exerted by a jet striking the curved plate at one end tangentially when the plate is symetrical. (b) A jet of water 120 mm in diameter and moving with a velocity of 25m/sec strikes normally on a at plate. Determine the power developed and the e ciency of the system when i. the plate is stationary ii. the plate is moving with a velocity of 8m/sec in the direction of the jet. And iii. the plate is moving with a velocity of 8m/sec towards the jet. [7+9] 5. (a) What is the name of hydroelectric power station that uses the ow of stream as it is available ? How do you compare this with reservoir or storage type of power station ? Explain with neat sketches if necessary. 1 of 2 www.studentyogi.com www.studentyogi.com
  • 4. www.studentyogi.com www.studentyogi.com Code No: R05210202 Set No. 2 (b) The hydro power plant has a turbine with the following details. Find the power developed and what is the speci c speed of the turbine. Hydraulic e ciency = 90%. Net head =65 1 discharge=15 3/s, speed=100 rpm [8+8] 6. (a) What is the classi cation of turbines ? How do you di erentiate among low head, medium head and high head turbines ? (b) A Pelton wheel is working under a head of 45m and the discharge is 0 8 3 . The mean bucket speed is 14m/sec. Find the power produced if the jet is de ected by the blades through an angle of 1650. The coe cient of velocity is 0.985 [10+6] 7. (a) What is speci c speed of a turbine ? Derive its expression and compare it with unit speed. What are its applications ? (b) An Impulse turbine has to maintain the same e ciency under di erent working conditions. By what percentage shall the discharge increase if the head changes from 50m to 75m. [10+6] 8. (a) What is manometric e ciency of a centrifugal pump? De ne with the help of a sketch. Di erentiate it from volumetric e ciency and mechanical e ciency. (b) A single acting reciprocating pump has a plunger of diameter 0.3m and stroke of length 0.4m. If the speed of the pump is 60 rpm and coe cient of discharge is 0.97, determine the percentage slip and actual discharge of the pump. [8+8] 2 of 2 www.studentyogi.com www.studentyogi.com
  • 5. www.studentyogi.com www.studentyogi.com Code No: R05210202 Set No. 3 II B.Tech I Semester Supplimentary Examinations, November 2008 FLUID MECHANICS AND HYDRAULIC MACHINERY (Electrical & Electronic Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks 1. (a) Distinguish between ideal uids and real uids. Explain the importance of compressibility in uid ow. (b) The velocity distribution in a ow of thin lm of oil down an inclined channel is given by = 2µ * ( 2 - 2) . Where d=depth of ow, = angle of inclination of that channel to the horizontal, u = velo city at a depth ‘y’ below the free surface, = unit weight of oil and = dynamic viscosity oil. Calculate the shear stress i. on the bottom of channel, ii. at mid depth and iii. at the free surface. [8+8] 2. (a) State the momentum equation. How will you apply momentum equation for determining the force exerted by a owing uid on a pipe bend? (b) The top and bottom diameters of a 2.0 m long vertical tapering pipe are 10 cm and 5 cm respectively. Water ows down the pipe at a rate of 30 lit/sec. Find the pressure di erence between the two ends of the pipe. [8+8] 3. (a) Derive an expression for head loss due to sudden enlargement of a pipe (b) An oil of speci c gravity 0.85 and viscosity 5CP ows through a pipe of di- ameter 400mm at the rate of 50 lit/sec. Find the head lost in friction in this pipe of length 1000Km. Assume that f = 0.079/ N N is Reynolds Number. [8+8] 4. (a) What do you mean by impact of jet. Explain (b) Derive an expression for force exerted by the jet on a stationary vertical plate. (c) A 10cm diameter jet of water exerts a force of 2 KN in the direction of ow against a stationary at plate which is inclained at an angle of 300 with the axis of the stream. Find i. Force normal to the plate ii. velocity of the jet iii. mass ow rate of water Kg/sec. [2+6+8] 5. (a) De ne mass curve. Explain how the storage capacity of a reservoir is estimated using a mass curve. (b) Di erentiate between net head and gross head of a turbine with a neat sketch. List out the e ciencies of a turbine and de ne them. [8+8] 1 of 2 www.studentyogi.com www.studentyogi.com
  • 6. www.studentyogi.com www.studentyogi.com Code No: R05210202 Set No. 3 6. (a) De ne a turbine and bring out the di erences between reaction turbine and impulse turbine in a tabular form. (b) The details of a Pelton wheel turbine installation are given below. Find the power developed and hydraulic e ciency. Gross head = 510 m Loss of head in penstock = 30% Discharge through nozzle = 2.2 3 / sec Angle of de ection of jet = 1650 Co e cient of velocity v = 1 Speed ratio u= 0.45 [8+8] 7. (a) De ne and write about characteristic curves of hydraulic turbines ? With the help of neat sketches explain their practical uses. (b) A turbine develops 10000 Kw with an overall e ciency of 90%. The head of water is 90 m and the speed of turbine is 120 rpm. What is the ow rate of water for the turbine ? Find unit power, unit discharge, unit speed and speci c speed of the turbine. What is the type of turbine. [8+8] 8. (a) Why do es a centrifugal pump get its name ? Explain the working of a cen- trifugal pump with a neat diagram showing di erent parts. (b) Explain clearly the e ect of acceleration of piston on velocity and pressure in suction pipe and delivery pipe. De ne slip and coe cient of discharge and write their equations. [6+10] 2 of 2 www.studentyogi.com www.studentyogi.com
  • 7. www.studentyogi.com www.studentyogi.com Code No: R05210202 Set No. 4 II B.Tech I Semester Supplimentary Examinations, November 2008 FLUID MECHANICS AND HYDRAULIC MACHINERY (Electrical & Electronic Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks 1. (a) State Newton’s equation of viscosity and give examples of its application. (b) An oil of viscosity 5 poise is used for lubrication between a shaft and sleeve. The diameter of shaft is 0.5 m and it rotates at 200 rpm. Calculate the horse power lost in the oil for a sleeve length of 100 mm. The thickness of the oil lm is 1.0 mm. [8+8] 2. (a) Explain what is meant by stream tube. What is the use of concept of stream tube? (b) At a point in the pipe line where diameter is 20 cm, the velo city of water is 4 m/s and the pressure is 343 2. At a point 15 cm downstream, the diameter reduces to 10cm. Calculate the pressure at this point, if the pipe is vertical with ow downward. Neglect the losses. [8+8] 3. (a) De ne Ma jor Energy Loss and Minor Energy Loss. (b) Brie y explain Hydraulic Gradiant Line and Total Energy Line. (c) The rate of ow of water through a horizontal pope is 0 3 3 . The di- ameter of the pipe is suddenly enlarged fron 25cm to 50cm. The pressure intensity in the smaller pipe is 1 4 2. Determine loss of head due to sudden enlargement, pressure intensity in the large pipe and power lost due to enlargement. [4+4+8] 4. (a) Derive the expressions for force and work done per second by the jet when it strikes a at vertical plate moving in the direction of the jet and away from the jet. (b) A jet of water of 75mm diameter strikes a curved vane at its center with a velo city of 20m/sec. The curved vane is moving with a velocity of 8m/sec in the direction of jet. Find the force exerted on the plate in the direction of the jet power and e ciency of the jet. Assume the plate to be smooth. [8+8] 5. (a) List and write elaborately about the elements of Hydroelectric station with neat sketches . (b) The head and discharge of a hydro electric plant are 28m and 330 3 respectively. The installed turbine works with an e ciency of 86%. Find the power developed. [10+6] 6. (a) How are the turbines classi ed under di erent heads ? Give sketches wherever necessary. 1 of 2 www.studentyogi.com www.studentyogi.com
  • 8. www.studentyogi.com www.studentyogi.com Code No: R05210202 Set No. 4 (b) A Pelton wheel turbine works with the following details. Determine the water power available at the nozzle and hydraulic e ciency Net head = 700 m Speed of runner = 950 rpm Diameter of runner = 1.2 m Discharge through the nozzle = 0.15 3/ sec Side clearance angle = 150 Co e cient of velocity v = 0.9 Blade friction coe cient K = 1 [8+8] 7. (a) What is meant by cavitation ? What is Thoma,s cavitation factor and what is its signi cance for turbines ? Elaborate what you understand by water hammer phenomenon in turbines. (b) A turbine works under a head of 25m at 200 rpm and the discharge is 9 3 / sec. If the overall e ciency is 90%, determine Power generated, Speci c speed of the turbine and Type of turbines. [10+6] 8. (a) What is manometric e ciency of a centrifugal pump? De ne with the help of a sketch. Di erentiate it from volumetric e ciency and mechanical e ciency. (b) A single acting reciprocating pump has a plunger of diameter 0.3m and stroke of length 0.4m. If the speed of the pump is 60 rpm and coe cient of discharge is 0.97, determine the percentage slip and actual discharge of the pump. [8+8] 2 of 2 www.studentyogi.com www.studentyogi.com