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         Code No: RR420201
                                                                                                 Set No. 1
                IV B.Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, Apr/May 2007
                                 DIGITAL CONTROL SYSTEMS
                               (Electrical & Electronic Engineering)
         Time: 3 hours                                                                                   Max Marks: 80
                                     Answer any FIVE Questions
                                  All Questions carry equal marks



           1. (a) With help of schematic diagram explain the principal operation of digital to
                    analog conversion.
                (b) Explain the conditions to be satis ed for reconstruction of sampled signal into
                     continuous signal.
                (c) Explain zero order hold device.                                                                 [5+5+6]

           2. (a) Obtain the z ? transform of the following x(k)
                          ( ) = 9 (2k-1) - 2k + 3 k=0,1,2, ...... Assume that x(k)=0 for k 0.
                (b) Obtain the inverse z-transform of the following

                           i. X(Z)=z (z+2)(z-1)2        and
                                                                                                                      [8+8]
                          ii. X(Z)= z- 2
                                           (1-z -1 )3

           3. Find the range of K for the system shown in Figure 3 to be stable. [16]




                                                                       Figure 3
           4. The open loop pulse transfer function of an uncompensated digital control system
                                      (z-0.905)(z-0.819)
              is Gh0 Gp(z) = 0.0453(z+0.904)                   . The sampling perio d T is equal to 0.1 sec. Find
              the time response and steady state error of the system to a unit step input. [16]

           5. The open loop transfer function of a unity - feedback digital control system is given

              as ( ) = K(z2 +0.5z+0.2)
                                      (z-1)(z 2 -z +0.5) . Sketch the root loci of the system for 0 8.
              Indicate all important information on the ro ot loci.                                                    [16]

           6. A blo ck diagram of a digital control system is shown in Figure 6. Design a PID
              controller D(z), to eliminate the steady-state error due to a step input and simulta-
              neously realizing a good transient response, and the ramp-error constant Kv should
              equal 5.                                                                                                   [16]
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         Code No: RR420201
                                                                                  Set No. 1



                                                               Figure 6
           7. (a) Let A be an nxn matrix. Using Cayley-Hamilton theorem, show that any with
                    k=n can be written as a linear combination of { n-1}
               (b) Explain the method to nd the state transition matrix through z-transform
                    technique.                                                                        [8+8]

           8. (a) Explain the concept of controllability and observability of discrete time control
                    system.
               (b) Examine whether the discrete data system
                    X(k + 1) = AX(k) + Bu(k)
                    C(k) = DX(k) where A = 0 1
                                                  -2 -2 , B = 1            -1 , D = [1 0] is
                      i. State controllable
                     ii. Output controllable and
                    iii. Observable                                                                   [7+9]
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         Code No: RR420201
                                                                                  Set No. 2
                IV B.Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, Apr/May 2007
                                 DIGITAL CONTROL SYSTEMS
                               (Electrical & Electronic Engineering)
         Time: 3 hours                                                                    Max Marks: 80
                                     Answer any FIVE Questions
                                  All Questions carry equal marks



           1. (a) What are the di erent types of sampling operations? Explain each of them.
               (b) What do you mean by the problem of aliasing? How to overcome this?
               (c) Explain the advantages and disadvantages of digital control systems.[6+5+5]

           2. (a) Find the Z-transform of the following:
                      i. f(t) = t2,

                     ii. f(t) =e-at
               (b) What are the popular methods are used to nd the inverse z-transform? Ex-
                   plain brie y each of them.                                                        [8+8]
           3. A sampler and ZOH are now intro duced in the forward loop (Figure 3). Study the
              stability of the sampled-data system via bilinear transformation and show that the
              stable linear continuous time system becomes unstable upon the introduction of a
              sampler and ZOH.                                                                            [16]




                                                           Figure 3
           4. Compare the characteristics of time-domain responses of continuous - time and
              discrete - time systems.                                                                [16]

           5. Draw root locus in the z-plane for the system shown in Figure 5 for 0 8.
              Consider the sampling period T = 4 sec.                                                     [16]




                                                           Figure 5
           6. Consider the system shown in Figure 6 and design lead compensator c(z) in w’-
              plane for this system to meet the following speci cations:
www.studentyogi.com                                                                     www.studentyogi.com

         Code No: RR420201
                                                                                 Set No. 2
               (b) Settling time, ts=1.4 sec., and
               (c) Velocity error constant Kv = 2 -1.                                              [16]




                                                          Figure 6
           7. Find state model for the following di erence equation. Obtain di erent canonical
               forms. Also draw state diagram for each.
               y(k+3) + 5y(k+2) + 7y(k+1) + 3y(k) = 0                                              [16]

           8. (a) State and explain the Liapunov’s stability theorem for linear digital systems.

               (b) Given X(k + 1) = 0 5 1
                                            -1 -1 X(k)
                    Solve for ‘P’ - matrix and justify, by using the Liapunov’s theorem (Direct
                    method). Show that the system is asymptotically stable. [6+10]
www.studentyogi.com                                                                               www.studentyogi.com

         Code No: RR420201
                                                                                          Set No. 3
                IV B.Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, Apr/May 2007
                                 DIGITAL CONTROL SYSTEMS
                               (Electrical & Electronic Engineering)
         Time: 3 hours                                                                            Max Marks: 80
                                     Answer any FIVE Questions
                                  All Questions carry equal marks



           1. (a) Describe the following parameters:
                        i. Acquisition time
                       ii. Aperture time and
                      iii. settling time
               (b) State and explain the sampling theorem.
               (c) Derive the transfer function of zero order hold device. [6+5+5]

           2. (a) Find the Z-transform of the following:
                            i. ( ) = 1
                                            s2 (s+1)
                       ii. f(t)=t sin t
               (b) Find the inverse Z-Transform of the following:
                        i. F(Z)= 5z
                                         z2 +2z +2
                                                                                                             [8+8]
                       ii. F(Z)= 3z2 +2z+1
                                         (z 2 -3z+2)

           3. Consider the sample- data system shown in Figure 3 and assume its sampling perio d
              is 0.4 Sec.




                                                           Figure 3
              Find the range of K, so that the closed - loop system for which stable. [16]

           4. The block diagram of a discrete - data control system is shown in Figure 4, in which
                p( ) = 20      s(s+5) and T = 0.5 sec. Compute and plot the unit step response c*(t) of
              the system. Find the step, ramp, and parabolic error constants. Also nal value of
              c(kT).                                                                                              [16]




                                                                  Figure 4
www.studentyogi.com                                                                                     www.studentyogi.com

         Code No: RR420201
                                                                                                Set No. 3
           5. The open loop transfer function of a unity - feedback digital control system is given
                                     (z-1)(z 2 -z +0.5) . Sketch the root loci of the system for 0 8.
              as ( ) = K(z2 +0.5z+0.2)
              Indicate all important information on the ro ot loci.                                                  [16]

           6. A block diagram of a digital control system is shown in Figure 6. Design a com-
              pensator D(z) to meet the following speci cations:

                (a) Velocity error constant, Kv = 4 Sec.,
                (b) Phase margin = 400 and

                (c) band width =1.5 rad./sec.




                                                                       Figure 6
           7. Find state model for the following di erence equation. Obtain di erent canonical
               forms. Also draw state diagram for each.
               y(k+3) + 5y(k+2) + 7y(k+1) + 3y(k) = 0                                                                [16]

           8. (a) Derive the necessary condition for the digital control system
                    X(k + 1) = AX(k) + Bu(k)
                    Y(k) = CX (k) to be Controllable.
                (b) Examine whether the discrete data system
                     X(k + 1) = AX(k) + BU(k)
                        Y(k) = CX(k) where A = 1 -2
                                                                1 -1 , B = 1 0        0 -1 , C = 1 0      0 1 is
                           i. State controllable and
                          ii. Observable.                                                                          [10+6]
www.studentyogi.com                                                                                             www.studentyogi.com

         Code No: RR420201
                                                                                                         Set No. 4
                IV B.Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, Apr/May 2007
                                  DIGITAL CONTROL SYSTEMS
                                (Electrical & Electronic Engineering)
         Time: 3 hours                                                                                          Max Marks: 80
                                     Answer any FIVE Questions
                                   All Questions carry equal marks



           1. (a) Explain clearly the advantages and disadvantages of digital control systems.
               (b) Draw the schematic diagram of basic digital control scheme and explain the
                    same.
               (c) With suitable diagram explain the weighted                             r esistor digital to analog con-
                   verter.                                                                                                   [5+5+6]

           2. (a) Obtain the z transform of the curve x(t) shown in Figure 2a. Assume that
                    T=sec.




                                                                                        Figure 2a

               (b) Find the inverse z-transform of the following function , F(z)= z 2                           (z-1) (z - 0.2) [8+8]
           3. The block diagram of a digital control system is shown in Figure 3, where
                p( ) = K(s+5) s2 .




                                                        Figure 3
              Determine the range of K for the system to be asymptotically stable. [16]

           4. The block diagram of a discrete - data control system is shown in Figure 4, in which
                            s(s+2)
                p( ) = 2(s+1)        and T = 0.5 sec. Compute and plot the unit step response c*(t) of
              the system. Find *          max and the sampling instant at which it occurs. [16]
www.studentyogi.com                                                                     www.studentyogi.com

         Code No: RR420201
                                                                                   Set No. 4




                                                          Figure 4
           5. (a) State and explain the Nyquist stability criterion in z-domain.
               (b) Explain the construction of Bode diagram for discrete time systems. [8+8]

           6. A blo ck diagram of a digital control system is shown in Figure 6. Design a PID
              controller, D(z) to meet the following speci cations:

               (a) velo city error constant, Kv = 10.,
               (b) Phase margin = 600 and

               (c) band width =8 rad./sec.                                                         [16]




                                                          Figure 6
           7. Find state model for the following di erence equation. Obtain di erent canonical
               forms. Also draw state diagram for each.
               y(k+3) + 5y(k+2) + 7y(k+1) + 3y(k) = 0                                              [16]

           8. (a) State and explain the Liapunov’s stability theorem for linear digital systems.

               (b) Given X(k + 1) = 0 5 1
                                            -1 -1 X(k)
                    Solve for ‘P’ - matrix and justify, by using the Liapunov’s theorem (Direct
                    method). Show that the system is asymptotically stable. [6+10]

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  • 1. www.studentyogi.com www.studentyogi.com Code No: RR420201 Set No. 1 IV B.Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, Apr/May 2007 DIGITAL CONTROL SYSTEMS (Electrical & Electronic Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks 1. (a) With help of schematic diagram explain the principal operation of digital to analog conversion. (b) Explain the conditions to be satis ed for reconstruction of sampled signal into continuous signal. (c) Explain zero order hold device. [5+5+6] 2. (a) Obtain the z ? transform of the following x(k) ( ) = 9 (2k-1) - 2k + 3 k=0,1,2, ...... Assume that x(k)=0 for k 0. (b) Obtain the inverse z-transform of the following i. X(Z)=z (z+2)(z-1)2 and [8+8] ii. X(Z)= z- 2 (1-z -1 )3 3. Find the range of K for the system shown in Figure 3 to be stable. [16] Figure 3 4. The open loop pulse transfer function of an uncompensated digital control system (z-0.905)(z-0.819) is Gh0 Gp(z) = 0.0453(z+0.904) . The sampling perio d T is equal to 0.1 sec. Find the time response and steady state error of the system to a unit step input. [16] 5. The open loop transfer function of a unity - feedback digital control system is given as ( ) = K(z2 +0.5z+0.2) (z-1)(z 2 -z +0.5) . Sketch the root loci of the system for 0 8. Indicate all important information on the ro ot loci. [16] 6. A blo ck diagram of a digital control system is shown in Figure 6. Design a PID controller D(z), to eliminate the steady-state error due to a step input and simulta- neously realizing a good transient response, and the ramp-error constant Kv should equal 5. [16]
  • 2. www.studentyogi.com www.studentyogi.com Code No: RR420201 Set No. 1 Figure 6 7. (a) Let A be an nxn matrix. Using Cayley-Hamilton theorem, show that any with k=n can be written as a linear combination of { n-1} (b) Explain the method to nd the state transition matrix through z-transform technique. [8+8] 8. (a) Explain the concept of controllability and observability of discrete time control system. (b) Examine whether the discrete data system X(k + 1) = AX(k) + Bu(k) C(k) = DX(k) where A = 0 1 -2 -2 , B = 1 -1 , D = [1 0] is i. State controllable ii. Output controllable and iii. Observable [7+9]
  • 3. www.studentyogi.com www.studentyogi.com Code No: RR420201 Set No. 2 IV B.Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, Apr/May 2007 DIGITAL CONTROL SYSTEMS (Electrical & Electronic Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks 1. (a) What are the di erent types of sampling operations? Explain each of them. (b) What do you mean by the problem of aliasing? How to overcome this? (c) Explain the advantages and disadvantages of digital control systems.[6+5+5] 2. (a) Find the Z-transform of the following: i. f(t) = t2, ii. f(t) =e-at (b) What are the popular methods are used to nd the inverse z-transform? Ex- plain brie y each of them. [8+8] 3. A sampler and ZOH are now intro duced in the forward loop (Figure 3). Study the stability of the sampled-data system via bilinear transformation and show that the stable linear continuous time system becomes unstable upon the introduction of a sampler and ZOH. [16] Figure 3 4. Compare the characteristics of time-domain responses of continuous - time and discrete - time systems. [16] 5. Draw root locus in the z-plane for the system shown in Figure 5 for 0 8. Consider the sampling period T = 4 sec. [16] Figure 5 6. Consider the system shown in Figure 6 and design lead compensator c(z) in w’- plane for this system to meet the following speci cations:
  • 4. www.studentyogi.com www.studentyogi.com Code No: RR420201 Set No. 2 (b) Settling time, ts=1.4 sec., and (c) Velocity error constant Kv = 2 -1. [16] Figure 6 7. Find state model for the following di erence equation. Obtain di erent canonical forms. Also draw state diagram for each. y(k+3) + 5y(k+2) + 7y(k+1) + 3y(k) = 0 [16] 8. (a) State and explain the Liapunov’s stability theorem for linear digital systems. (b) Given X(k + 1) = 0 5 1 -1 -1 X(k) Solve for ‘P’ - matrix and justify, by using the Liapunov’s theorem (Direct method). Show that the system is asymptotically stable. [6+10]
  • 5. www.studentyogi.com www.studentyogi.com Code No: RR420201 Set No. 3 IV B.Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, Apr/May 2007 DIGITAL CONTROL SYSTEMS (Electrical & Electronic Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks 1. (a) Describe the following parameters: i. Acquisition time ii. Aperture time and iii. settling time (b) State and explain the sampling theorem. (c) Derive the transfer function of zero order hold device. [6+5+5] 2. (a) Find the Z-transform of the following: i. ( ) = 1 s2 (s+1) ii. f(t)=t sin t (b) Find the inverse Z-Transform of the following: i. F(Z)= 5z z2 +2z +2 [8+8] ii. F(Z)= 3z2 +2z+1 (z 2 -3z+2) 3. Consider the sample- data system shown in Figure 3 and assume its sampling perio d is 0.4 Sec. Figure 3 Find the range of K, so that the closed - loop system for which stable. [16] 4. The block diagram of a discrete - data control system is shown in Figure 4, in which p( ) = 20 s(s+5) and T = 0.5 sec. Compute and plot the unit step response c*(t) of the system. Find the step, ramp, and parabolic error constants. Also nal value of c(kT). [16] Figure 4
  • 6. www.studentyogi.com www.studentyogi.com Code No: RR420201 Set No. 3 5. The open loop transfer function of a unity - feedback digital control system is given (z-1)(z 2 -z +0.5) . Sketch the root loci of the system for 0 8. as ( ) = K(z2 +0.5z+0.2) Indicate all important information on the ro ot loci. [16] 6. A block diagram of a digital control system is shown in Figure 6. Design a com- pensator D(z) to meet the following speci cations: (a) Velocity error constant, Kv = 4 Sec., (b) Phase margin = 400 and (c) band width =1.5 rad./sec. Figure 6 7. Find state model for the following di erence equation. Obtain di erent canonical forms. Also draw state diagram for each. y(k+3) + 5y(k+2) + 7y(k+1) + 3y(k) = 0 [16] 8. (a) Derive the necessary condition for the digital control system X(k + 1) = AX(k) + Bu(k) Y(k) = CX (k) to be Controllable. (b) Examine whether the discrete data system X(k + 1) = AX(k) + BU(k) Y(k) = CX(k) where A = 1 -2 1 -1 , B = 1 0 0 -1 , C = 1 0 0 1 is i. State controllable and ii. Observable. [10+6]
  • 7. www.studentyogi.com www.studentyogi.com Code No: RR420201 Set No. 4 IV B.Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, Apr/May 2007 DIGITAL CONTROL SYSTEMS (Electrical & Electronic Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks 1. (a) Explain clearly the advantages and disadvantages of digital control systems. (b) Draw the schematic diagram of basic digital control scheme and explain the same. (c) With suitable diagram explain the weighted r esistor digital to analog con- verter. [5+5+6] 2. (a) Obtain the z transform of the curve x(t) shown in Figure 2a. Assume that T=sec. Figure 2a (b) Find the inverse z-transform of the following function , F(z)= z 2 (z-1) (z - 0.2) [8+8] 3. The block diagram of a digital control system is shown in Figure 3, where p( ) = K(s+5) s2 . Figure 3 Determine the range of K for the system to be asymptotically stable. [16] 4. The block diagram of a discrete - data control system is shown in Figure 4, in which s(s+2) p( ) = 2(s+1) and T = 0.5 sec. Compute and plot the unit step response c*(t) of the system. Find * max and the sampling instant at which it occurs. [16]
  • 8. www.studentyogi.com www.studentyogi.com Code No: RR420201 Set No. 4 Figure 4 5. (a) State and explain the Nyquist stability criterion in z-domain. (b) Explain the construction of Bode diagram for discrete time systems. [8+8] 6. A blo ck diagram of a digital control system is shown in Figure 6. Design a PID controller, D(z) to meet the following speci cations: (a) velo city error constant, Kv = 10., (b) Phase margin = 600 and (c) band width =8 rad./sec. [16] Figure 6 7. Find state model for the following di erence equation. Obtain di erent canonical forms. Also draw state diagram for each. y(k+3) + 5y(k+2) + 7y(k+1) + 3y(k) = 0 [16] 8. (a) State and explain the Liapunov’s stability theorem for linear digital systems. (b) Given X(k + 1) = 0 5 1 -1 -1 X(k) Solve for ‘P’ - matrix and justify, by using the Liapunov’s theorem (Direct method). Show that the system is asymptotically stable. [6+10]