From Grids to Clouds
and the Economical Meanings
Dr. Guy Tel-Zur
tel-zur@computer.org
The Israeli Association of Grid Technologies
(IGT)
May 4th 2009

Talk Outline
• Grid and Cloud Computing – The Vision,
Definitions and the Hype!
• Pricing
• Hurdles
• Case Studies
• Grid Computing in Israel
• Cloud Computing Demo

The Basics
• What is Grid Computing? – Next Slide
• What is Cloud Computing? – Later
• Revolution or Evolution?
image source: http://gm-volt.com/2008/07/21/gm-launches-major-collaboration-with-epri-and-30-utility-companies-to-ready-the-grid-for-the-volt/

Grid Computing
• A Grid Checklist:
• …coordinates resources that are not
subject to centralized control
• …using standard, open, general-purpose
protocols and interfaces
• deliver nontrivial qualities of service
• Source: Ian Foster “What is the Grid”
(2002)

Grid Computing
• Back to 2002/2003
• Two REVOLUTIONS (?):
– Begin of the Multi-Core era
– Grid Computing
Feb. 2003 issue May 2002 issue

The Hype Cycle - 2002

The Hype Cycle - 2003

The Hype Cycle - 2008
What happened to
Grid Computing??

A Revolution?
• Revolution* (a drastic and far-reaching change
in ways of thinking and behaving) \"the industrial
revolution was also a cultural revolution\"
• Evolution* (a process in which something
passes by degrees to a different stage) \"the
development of his ideas took many years\"
• *Source: WordNetWeb.princeton.edu

The Condor Project
UW-Madison Comp Sci Condor Pool Machine Statistics (April 2009)

The End of Grid Computing?
October 27th, 2007

Cloud Computing
Dec. 18th , 2007
Only 1 member - Me
As of April 24th, 2009 there are 1,150
As of May 3rd, 2009 there are 1,191
members in my Cloud Computing Group!!!

The Economist (Oct. 23rd 2008)

Cloud Computing
• Scalable – Scale Up/Down – Elasticity
• Virtual Resources
• IaaS, PaaS, SaaS….. XaaS X=Everything

Pricing

Predictions Cost Money
Infrastructure Cost
Automated Elastic Demand
Traditional H/W
Predicted Demand
Actual Demand
Time

AWS Pricing - I
Instance Memory Virtual EC2 Storage
cores compute
unit/core
Small 1.7GB 1 1 160GB
(32bit)
Large 7.5GB 2 2 850GB
(64bit)
Extra 15GB 4 2 1,690GB
Large
(64bit)
• http://aws.amazon.com/ec2/#pricing

AWS Pricing - II
Instance Linux ($/hour) Windows($/hour)
small 0.10 0.125
325$+0.03$/h, 1y
500$+0.03$/h, 3y
Large 0.40 0.50
1,300$+0.12$/h, 1y
2,000$+0.12$/h, 3y
Extra Large 0.80 1.00
2,600$+0.24$/h, 1y
4,000$+0.24$/h, 3y

AWS Pricing - III
• Data Transfer
– In: $0.1/GB
– Out: $0.17/GB, first 10TB
• Storage (EBS)
– $0.1/GB/month
– $0.1/million I/O requests
– S3: $0.15/GB/month
• US sites (Europe site is a little bit higher)

The Hurdles

Gartner: Seven Security Risks
• 1. Privileged user access.
• 2. Regulatory compliance.
• 3. Data location.
• 4. Data segregation.
• 5. Recovery.
• 6. Investigative support.
• 7. Long-term viability.
Reference: http://www.infoworld.com/d/security-central/gartner-seven-cloud-computing-security-risks-853?page=0,1

McKinsey's Cloud Computing
Report Is Partly Cloudy
“Clouds already make sense for many
small and medium-size businesses, but
technical, operational and financial
hurdles will need to be overcome before
clouds will be used extensively by large
public and private enterprises”
http://uptimeinstitute.org/images/stories/McKinsey_Report_Cloud_Compu
ting/clearing_the_air_on_cloud_computing.pdf

SLA
Down time
EC2 SLA: 99.95%
3.65 days
Cost
8.76hours
Cloud Computing
52.26min. Not Applicable
5.23min.
31.54sec.
3.15sec
99% 99.9% 99.99% 99.999% 99.9999% 99.99999%
Availability

Case Studies

AWS bandwidth vs. the entire global
network of Amazon.com retail sites
http://aws.typepad.com/aws/2008/05/lots-of-bits.html

The case of Animoto
“Introduction to Amazon Web Services for IT Professionals” Webinar 23/4/09

HP CloudPrint

ERP on the Cloud
http://www.compiere.com/

Web 2.0 on the Cloud

WebSphere on an AMI

A little bit of Physics
> Commutation Relation
[Grids, Clouds] =
Grids*Clouds-Clouds*Grids ≠ 0
We can build Grids of Clouds and we can
build Clouds of Grids and the final
outcome will be different….
…So Distributed Computing exhibits a
Quantum behavior and not Classical ☺

Grids and Clouds in Israel
• IAG
• IGT
• Isragrid

Israel Academic Grid (IAG)
http://iag.iucc.ac.il/

Israeli Association of Grid
Technologies (IGT)
http://www.grid.org.il/

Cloud Computing Demonstration
• Let us build NOW a Webserver in 5
minutes!
• Demo on Amazon EC2 – Next few
slides

AWS Console

ElasticFox Plug-In

Bingo…Here is the WebServer

SSH

CLI

Summary
• Cloud Computing is Here
• Tremendous Economic Impact
• Small Companies / Startups already
using it
• Large Companies must assess this
new technology
• Will be deployed Everywhere soon

Thank You!
• Guy Tel-Zur
• Email: tel-zur@computer.org
• Phone: 054-444-3477
Twitter
LinkedIn
• telzur @
Facebook
Blogspot.com

Backup Slides

The Economist, Oct. 23rd 2008

McKinsey Report II