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Agenda Free/Open Source Software Introduction Proprietary Software Vs Free/Open Source Software Free/Open Source Software Technologies Open Source for Career

Free/Open Source Software Introduction

Proprietary Software Vs Free/Open Source Software

Free/Open Source Software Technologies

Open Source for Career

Don’t bother me with new ideas. I’ve got a battle to fight.

Introduction to Free/Open Source Software

History In the beginning, no protection for computer software. - It was de facto open source No copyright until 1980 No patenting until mid to late 1990s Could be kept a trade secret, but not effective

In the beginning, no protection for computer software. - It was de facto open source

No copyright until 1980

No patenting until mid to late 1990s

Could be kept a trade secret, but not effective

Free Software Definition Freedom to run the program in any place, for any purpose and for ever. Freedom to study how it works and to adapt it to our needs. This requires access to the source code. Freedom to redistribute copies , so that we can help our friends and neighbours. Freedom to improve the program and to release improvements to the public. This also requires the source code. Free Software is a movement for Software Freedom

Freedom to run the program in any place, for any purpose and for ever.

Freedom to study how it works and to adapt it to our needs. This requires access to the source code.

Freedom to redistribute copies , so that we can help our friends and neighbours.

Freedom to improve the program and to release improvements to the public. This also requires the source code.

Free Software is a movement for Software Freedom

Definition of Open Source Open source doesn't just mean access to the source code. The distribution terms of open-source software must comply with criteria. Free Redistribution Source Code Derived Works Integrity of The Author's Source Code No Discrimination Against Persons or Groups No Discrimination Against Fields of Endeavor Distribution of License License Must Not Be Specific to a Product License Must Not Restrict Other Software License Must Be Technology-Neutral

Open source doesn't just mean access to the source code. The distribution terms of open-source software must comply with criteria.

Free Redistribution

Source Code

Derived Works

Integrity of The Author's Source Code

No Discrimination Against Persons or Groups

No Discrimination Against Fields of Endeavor

Distribution of License

License Must Not Be Specific to a Product

License Must Not Restrict Other Software

License Must Be Technology-Neutral

Open Standards An open standard is a published standard that is possessed by no one and used by all. Example: HTML is an open standard; it is managed by the World Wide Web Consortium But they do not own it. Anyone can inspect, criticize, or suggest enhancements.

An open standard is a published standard that is possessed by no one and used by all.

Example: HTML is an open standard; it is managed by the World Wide Web Consortium But they do not own it. Anyone can inspect, criticize, or suggest enhancements.

More Open Standards TCP/IP - Transmission standard ASCII - Standard for encoding HTTP, HTML, URL, XHTML - Web standards PNG, GIF, JPEG - Standards for image files POP, SMTP - Email standards PDF - Document transfer standard

TCP/IP - Transmission standard

ASCII - Standard for encoding

HTTP, HTML, URL, XHTML - Web standards

PNG, GIF, JPEG - Standards for image files

POP, SMTP - Email standards

PDF - Document transfer standard

A Proprietary Standard , Typically owned by a corporation. Its internals cannot be inspected. Its use is licensed by its owners. It can be changed at will. Example: Google PageRank

Typically owned by a corporation.

Its internals cannot be inspected.

Its use is licensed by its owners.

It can be changed at will.

Example: Google PageRank

Open Content Freedom to use, study, modify and share scientific and creative works

Freedom to use, study, modify and share scientific and creative works

Free/Open Source Software (FOSS). Free Software Foundation Founded by Richard Stallman. The Free Software movement focuses on moral and ethical issues relating to the freedom of users to use, study, modify and redistribute software. Free Software Foundation, Open Source Initiative, founded by Bruce.. Open Source advocates take a more corporate approach, focusing on the advantages of the Open Source Software development method . FOSS (Free/Open Source Software) For most purposes, Free Software and Open Source Software can be considered to be the same and we refer to it as Free/Open Source Software (FOSS).

Free Software Foundation

Founded by Richard Stallman.

The Free Software movement focuses on moral and ethical issues relating to the freedom of users to use, study, modify and redistribute software.

Free Software Foundation, Open Source Initiative,

founded by Bruce..

Open Source advocates take a more corporate approach, focusing on the advantages of the Open Source Software development method .

FOSS (Free/Open Source Software)

For most purposes, Free Software and Open Source Software can be considered to be the same and we refer to it as Free/Open Source Software (FOSS).

Proprietary Software Vs Free Software

What is not Free/Open Source Software Freeware (no source code) Shareware (no source code) Public Domain For non-commercial use only Community Codes

Freeware (no source code)

Shareware (no source code)

Public Domain

For non-commercial use only

Community Codes

Proprietary software In proprietary software, you buy a license (the right) to use some binary code. You do not buy ownership. Proprietary software is software that is not free or semi-free. Its use, redistribution or modification is prohibited, or requires you to ask for permission, or is restricted so much that you effectively can't do it freely.

In proprietary software, you buy a license (the right) to use some binary code. You do not buy ownership.

Proprietary software is software that is not free or semi-free. Its use, redistribution or modification is prohibited, or requires you to ask for permission, or is restricted so much that you effectively can't do it freely.

India Digital Scenario 2009 40 crores Mobile subscribers 5.2 crores Internet users 0.54 crores Broadband subscribers 2.8 crores Personal computers

Indian Software Expenditure 10 crore x Rs. 20,000 = Rs. 200,000 Cr. Proprietary Office Suite 10 crore x Rs. 5,000- = Rs. 50,000 Cr. Proprietary OS Software 10 crores Assumed Proprietary Software License Requirement with PC Population growth.

Compare India’s Primary Deficit in 2008-2009 Budget Rs. 57,520 Cr. Rs. 386 crores. Rs. 250,000 Crores. Chandrayan-1 Project cost 10 Crores PC Operating System and Office Software Cost

Price We Pay for Not Using Free and Open Source Software No Freedom to Modify, Study, Distribute Bugs Update No Localization No study Privacy and Security Risk Compromising Legal Risk

No Freedom to Modify, Study, Distribute

Bugs

Update

No Localization

No study

Privacy and Security Risk

Compromising Legal Risk

FOSS Benefits Zero acquisition cost. Freedom Not restricted to modify, learn, distribute. No Lock-in means your investment is safe. Peer review. Bugs, security holes found by others. Programmers write better code/docs. Knowing it'll be scrutinized. Saves Foreign Currency Exchange

Zero acquisition cost.

Freedom

Not restricted to modify, learn, distribute.

No Lock-in means your investment is safe.

Peer review. Bugs, security holes found by others.

Programmers write better code/docs. Knowing it'll be scrutinized.

Saves Foreign Currency Exchange

FOSS Technologies

Operating Systems O/S Linux Used in numerous domains, from embedded systems to super computers, installation with popular LAMP application pack.

O/S Linux

Used in numerous domains, from embedded systems to super computers, installation with popular LAMP application pack.

Web Browser: Firefox Developed and Maintained under Mozilla Foundation. Available for a wide variety of OS. Most popular Web browser.

Developed and Maintained under Mozilla Foundation. Available for a wide variety of OS.

Most popular Web browser.

Email Client: ThunderBird Developed and maintained under Mozilla Foundation. Available for a wide Variety of Operating Systems.

Developed and maintained under Mozilla Foundation.

Available for a wide Variety of Operating Systems.

Office Suite: OpenOffice Originally derived from StarOffice, an office suite developed by StarDivision and acquired by Sun Microsystems in 1999.

Originally derived from StarOffice, an office suite developed by StarDivision and acquired by Sun Microsystems in 1999.

Programming Language: Java Developed by Sun Microsystems and open sourced in November 2007 under GNU GPL. Used in a wide variety of computing platforms spanning from embedded devices to enterprise servers and supercomputers.

Developed by Sun Microsystems and open sourced in November 2007 under GNU GPL.

Used in a wide variety of computing platforms spanning from embedded devices to enterprise servers and supercomputers.

Web Server Apache HTTP Server Developed and maintained under Apache Software Foundation. Available for a wide Variety of OS Most popular HTTP Server on WWW The majority of all web servers using Apache are Linux web servers. Apache is characterized as free software and open source software.

Apache HTTP Server

Developed and maintained under Apache Software Foundation. Available for a wide Variety of OS

Most popular HTTP Server on WWW

The majority of all web servers using Apache are Linux web servers.

Apache is characterized as free software and open source software.

RDBMS: MySQL RDBMS: MySQL Owned and sponsored by the Swedish company MySQL AB, now subsidary of Sun microsystems. Has more than 11 million installations. Widely used to support websites.

RDBMS: MySQL

Owned and sponsored by the Swedish company MySQL AB, now subsidary of Sun microsystems.

Has more than 11 million installations. Widely used to support websites.

Web Development: PHP PHP is a scripting language originally designed for producing dynamic web pages. Hypertext Preprocessor PHP is free software released under the PHP License, however it is incompatible with the GNU General Public License (GPL) PHP is commonly used as the P in this bundle alongside Linux, Apache and MySQL, although the P may also refer to Python or Perl.

PHP is a scripting language originally designed for producing dynamic web pages.

Hypertext Preprocessor

PHP is free software released under the PHP License, however it is incompatible with the GNU General Public License (GPL)

PHP is commonly used as the P in this bundle alongside Linux, Apache and MySQL, although the P may also refer to Python or Perl.

CMS: Joomla Joomla! is a free open source content management system for publishing content on the World Wide Web and intranets It is written in the PHP programming language and uses the MySQL database. Widely used in the World Wide Web.

Joomla! is a free open source content management system for publishing content on the World Wide Web and intranets

It is written in the PHP programming language and uses the MySQL database.

Widely used in the World Wide Web.

Career in Open Source

Job Opportunities in Free and Open Source Software With economic slowdown enterprises have started optimizing their IT budgets. Free and Open Source software is being adopted. They need employees having familiarity with Open Source technologies.

With economic slowdown enterprises have started optimizing their IT budgets.

Free and Open Source software is being adopted.

They need employees having familiarity with Open Source technologies.

Major Players in Free/Open Source Software Corporate IBM HP SUN RedHat Non Profit Organisation Apache Software Foundation Mozilla Foundation Individuals Linus Torvalds

Corporate

IBM

HP

SUN

RedHat

Non Profit Organisation

Apache Software Foundation

Mozilla Foundation

Individuals

Linus Torvalds

Learn, Use and Teach Open Source Learn more about Free/Open Source Software and its license types. Get trained in one or more of the Open Source technologies. Install Open Source Software and start experiments. Contribute for an Open Source Project and make instant proof of your knowledge. Train others in Free/Open Source Software Advocate Open Source.

Learn more about Free/Open Source Software and its license types.

Get trained in one or more of the Open Source technologies.

Install Open Source Software and start experiments.

Contribute for an Open Source Project and make instant proof of your knowledge.

Train others in Free/Open Source Software

Advocate Open Source.

Thank You We all are Learners, Doers & Teachers