Stat e of Nuclear Power Helsinki, 8 May 2009

Stat e of Nuclear Power As of today: 436 reactors worldwide, total 370,221 MWe Ref: IAEA PRIS, graph Mycle Schneider

State of Nuclear Power Everyone talks about nuclear renaissance, but… Y ear 2008: New ly added to grid : 0 reactors Final shutdown: 1 reactor (Slovakia , 440 MW) Previous five years since 200 4: Newly added to grid: 14 reactors (i.e. 3 units, or 2,390 MW per year) Final shutdown: 18 reactors New construction: 24 units (11 China, 4 Korea, 3 Russia, 2 Japan, 1 Finland, 1 France, 1 India, 1 Pakistan ) Ref: IAEA PRIS

Everyone talks about nuclear renaissance, but…

Y ear 2008:

New ly added to grid : 0 reactors

Final shutdown: 1 reactor (Slovakia , 440 MW)

Previous five years since 200 4:

Newly added to grid: 14 reactors (i.e. 3 units, or 2,390 MW per year)

Final shutdown: 18 reactors

New construction: 24 units (11 China, 4 Korea, 3 Russia, 2 Japan, 1 Finland, 1 France, 1 India, 1 Pakistan )

Stat e of Nuclear Power S hare in primary energy demand in 2006 : N uclear 5.8 % (with 2,793 TWh) Hydro 2.2 % (with 3,035 TWh) Other renewables 1 0 . 7 % Share in power/electricity production: N uclear 14.8 % H ydro 16 % O ther RE 2.3 % Ref: IEA/OECD, WEO 2008

S hare in primary energy demand in 2006 :

N uclear 5.8 % (with 2,793 TWh)

Hydro 2.2 % (with 3,035 TWh)

Other renewables 1 0 . 7 %

Share in power/electricity production:

N uclear 14.8 %

H ydro 16 %

O ther RE 2.3 %

State of Nuclear Power 2050 2,600 TWh/y 2008 1956 Projected Nuclear Expansion : International Energy Agency Nuclear power generation to grow from today’s 2,600 TWh /y to 10,000 TWh /y in 2050 That would need to have 1,280 new large (1,000 MW equivalent) reactors running Expenses would reach 6 to 10 trillion USD given current costs. 10,000 TWh/y Ref: IEA/OECD, ETP 2008

Nuclear power generation to grow from today’s 2,600 TWh /y to 10,000 TWh /y in 2050

That would need to have 1,280 new large (1,000 MW equivalent) reactors running

Expenses would reach 6 to 10 trillion USD given current costs.

Stat e of Nuclear Power yet…nuclear contributes only 6 % to the needed GHG cut Projected Nuclear Expansion : Ref: IEA/OECD, ETP 2008

Stat e of Nuclear Power Projected Nuclear Expansion – implication for waste: Those 1,280 new large reactors would produce about 25 ,0 00 tons of spent fuel every year . Every ton of typical spent fuel contains 1 % of plutonium, mostly isotope Pu-239 with half life of 24,000 years. This would mean every year additional 250 tons of plutonium – enough for 25,000 nuclear bombs. And it would stay around for more than 100,000 years. But we have no solution for safe disposal and we are facing increasing hazards of proliferation.

Projected Nuclear Expansion – implication for waste:

Those 1,280 new large reactors would produce about 25 ,0 00 tons of spent fuel every year .

Every ton of typical spent fuel contains 1 % of plutonium, mostly isotope Pu-239 with half life of 24,000 years.

This would mean every year additional 250 tons of plutonium – enough for 25,000 nuclear bombs. And it would stay around for more than 100,000 years.

But we have no solution for safe disposal and we are facing increasing hazards of proliferation.

Stat e of Nuclear Power "To preserve the nuclear option for the future requires overcoming the four challenges described above: costs, safety, proliferation, and wastes. These challenges will escalate if a significant number of new nuclear generating plants are built in a growing number of countries.” (MIT, 2003) “ Safety, weapons proliferation and waste remain as constraints.” (IPCC, Fourth Assessment Report 2007) "Nuclear power can be a potentially attractive option for enhancing the security of electricity supply – if concerns about plant safety, nuclear waste disposal and the risk of proliferation can be solved." (IEA/OECD, World Energy Outlook 2006)

Stat e of Nuclear Power Thank you for attention ! Jan Ber ánek Greenpeace International Email jan.beranek@greenpeace.org Tel. +31 651 109 558

Stat e of Nuclear Power