Rodale Institute Studies the Brown Marmorated Stink Bug
- 1. Update on Brown Marmorated Stink
Bug (BMSB) at Rodale Institute
Gladis Zinati
Associate Research Scientist
Rodale Institute, Kutztown, PA
Gladis.Zinati@rodaleinstitute.org; Tel. (610) 683-1402
Presented at the First OREI Meeting, RAREC, NJ
January 7, 2013
©2011 Rodale Institute ©2012 Rodale Institute
- 2. Presentation
1. An overview of the farm
2. BMSB pressure, losses, management tactics, and
weather data (2008-2012)
3. Scouting in November 2012
a. Locate overwintering sites by BMSBs
b. Record number of dead and live BMSBs
c. Identify preferred material or fabric by BMSBs for
overwintering
d. Potential natural enemy
1. The gathered information will help us to:
a. identify the sites where we will establish the trap crops
to monitor the BMSB population during the first year of
the project
©2011 Rodale Institute
- 3. Overview of the farm
- Certified organic since 2002
- There are 132 fields on 333 acres
- The soil is shaley silt loam
- Field crops, vegetables, apple orchards
- Ornamental trees, landscape plants, and
pastures
- A demonstration Garden
©2011 Rodale Institute
- 4. Brown Marmorated Stink Bug
Brown marmorated
stink bug has
become a nuisance
pest to home
oweners
©2011 Rodale Institute
- 5. Economic losses on apples
But it is a devastating pest
for orchardists and many
other commodity growers
Photos: Chris Bergh –Virginia Tech
©2011 Rodale Institute
- 6. BMSB pressure, losses, and management tactics
2008-2010:
a. Pumpkins planted west side of the orchard-
All covered with BMSB
b. High pressure, Total crop loss
c. No management tactic was applied
N
Pumpkins
©2011 Rodale Institute Apples
- 7. 2008 Precipitation – above normal
2008 2008 total = 49.98 inches
9 Normal Normal total = 43.52 inches
Difference = + 6.46 inches
8
Precipitation (inches)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
©2011 Rodale Institute
- 8. 2009 Precipitation- above normal
2009 total = 53.00 inches
12 2009 Normal total = 43.52 inches
Normal Difference = + 9.48 inches
10
Precipitation (inches)
8
6
4
2
0
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
©2011 Rodale Institute
- 9. 2010 Precipitation – close to normal
2010 total = 43.13 inches
Normal total = 43.52 inches
8 2010
Difference = - 0.39 inches
Normal
7
Precipitation (inches)
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
©2011 Rodale Institute
- 10. 2008-2010 - Monthly Mean temperatures
2008-2010 Monthly Mean
Temperatures (oF) at Rodale
Institute
76
2008
56 2009
2010
15
ay
ar
A l
pr
n
ug
b
n
ep
ct
ec
ov
Ju
Ja
Ju
Fe
O
M
A
M
D
S
N
©2011 Rodale Institute
- 11. 2008-2010 - Monthly Mean temperatures
2008-2010 Monthly Mean
Temperatures (oF) at Rodale
Institute
76
2008
56 2009
2010
15
ay
ar
pr
ug
n
b
n
ep
A l
ec
ct
ov
Ju
Ja
Ju
Fe
O
M
A
M
D
S
N
Minimum Temperature Threshold (MTT) for BMSB (56oF) shifted from
mid May in 2008 to mid April in 2010. As a result of climate change, we
could expect warmer temperatures earlier in the season and reach
MTT earlier than expected.
©2011 Rodale Institute
- 12. BMSB pressure, losses, and management tactics
2011:
a. Winter Squash and pumpkins (15-20/fruit)
b. Seen late summer early fall
c. Medium damage
d. No management tactic was applied
e. Was the wettest year on record
©2011 Rodale Institute
- 13. 2011 Precipitation – the wettest year on record in
PA in nearly 200 years
14 2008 total = 69.31 inches
2011 Normal total = 43.52 inches
12 Normal Difference = + 25.79 inches
Precipitation (inches)
10
8
6
4
2
0
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
©2011 Rodale Institute
- 14. 2011 Monthly Mean temperatures
2011- Monthly Mean temperatures
(oF) at Rodale Institute
78
56
15
c
ct
n
r
b
n
v
ar
g
p
ay
l
Ju
Ap
De
No
Fe
Se
Ja
Ju
Au
O
M
M
©2011 Rodale Institute
- 15. BMSB pressure, losses, and management tactics
2012:
a. An average year, not much snow or cold
b. Apples and Squash were affected
c. 30-40 nymphs - early July on summer squash flower
and leaves
d. Sprayed Surround (Kaolin Clay) as a preventive
measure for beetles
e. Low pressure of BMSB, Minor damage
f. No management tactic specific to BMSB was applied
©2011 Rodale Institute
- 16. 2012 Precipitation – below normal
2009 total = 34.01 inches
8 Normal total = 43.52 inches
2012
Normal Difference = - 9.51 inches
7
Precipitation (inches)
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
©2011 Rodale Institute
- 17. 2012- Monthly Mean Temperatures at
Rodale Institute
76
56
15
g
r
l
n
c
b
n
v
ct
ay
p
ar
Ju
Ap
De
Ja
Au
Fe
Ju
No
Se
O
M
M
©2011 Rodale Institute
- 18. 2008-2012 Monthly Mean
o
Temperatures ( F) at Rodale
Institute
78
2008
56 2009
2010
2011
15
2012
ay
ar
A l
pr
n
ug
b
n
ct
p
ec
ov
Ju
Se
Ja
Ju
Fe
O
M
A
M
D
N
©2011 Rodale Institute
- 20. Presentation
1. An overview of the farm
2. BMSB pressure, losses, management tactics, and weather data
(2008-2012)
3. Scouting in November 2012
a. Locate overwintering sites by BMSBs
b. Record number of dead and live BMSBs
c. Identify preferred material or fabric by BMSBs
for overwintering
d. Potential natural enemy
©2011 Rodale Institute
- 21. 3.a. Aerial map of Rodale Institute
Machiner Greenhouses
Under
Garden
y Bldg. Barn
Pavillion
Hay barn
N
Rodale House
Lab.
Barn
Sun room
Carriage Book
House Store
Main office
Siegfriedale S. House
Apple
Garage
orchard
©2011 Rodale Institute
- 22. 3.b. Scouting for BMSB at Rodale Institute –November 28-29, 2012
Structure/Bldg. # Dead BMSB # Live BMSB
Book Store 4 18
WEPP-Restrooms 0 0
Rodale Barn 0 0
Rodale House 17 21
Garden Pavillion 0 10
Greenhouses 37 0
Dryer Bldg. 0 0
Machinery Bldg./OPS 0 0
Hay Barn 0 0
Lab. 0 0
Sunroom/kitchen 0/1 0/0
Carriage House 9 1
Under Barn 1 0
Main Office 12 1
Siegfriedale House 18 1
Siegfriedale Garage 42 0
_______________________________________________________________________
©2011 Rodale Institute
- 23. Live and Dead BMSBs counts
Machiner Greenhouses
Under Garden
y Bldg. Barn (37) Pavillion
Hay barn (10)
N
Rodale House
Lab. (21)
Sun room Barn Book
Carriage Store
House (18)
Main office (12)
Siegfriedale S. House
Apple
(18) Garage (42)
orchard
Numbers in red (live BMSB), numbers in pink (dead)
©2011 Rodale Institute
- 25. 3.c. Material preferred for overwintering-Garden
Pavillion, Rodale Institute
Dark color & Water-proof fabric
©2011 Rodale Institute
- 26. 3.c. Material preferred by BMSB- Book Store, RI,
BMSBs hiding in fabric
Aero Soft Grow Containers
©2011 Rodale Institute
- 27. Aero Soft Grow Containers
Made from recycled biodegradable inert plastic
©2011 Rodale Institute
- 29. 3d. Spider Web can be a natural Enemy for
BMSB, Siegfriedale Garage, Rodale Institute
West side
of farm
Spider
web
Caught in a spider web
©2011 Rodale Institute
- 30. Presentation
1. An overview of the farm
2. BMSB pressure, losses, management tactics, and weather data
(2008-2012)
3. Scouting in November 2012
a. Locate overwintering sites by BMSBs
b. Record number of dead and live BMSBs
c. Identify preferred material or fabric by BMSBs for overwintering
d. Potential natural enemy
1. The gathered information will help us to:
a. identify the sites where we will establish the
trap crops to monitor the BMSB population
during the first year of the project
©2011 Rodale Institute
- 31. 4. Information collected in scouting helped us to
1. Identify the hot spots –locations of
overwintering adults
2. Identify where BMSBs would disperse
from and which fields could be impacted
3. Potential locations where we could set up
sentinel and crop traps for monitoring
©2011 Rodale Institute
- 32. 4.a. hot zone
Greenhouses
Machinery Under Garden
Bldg. Barn (37) Pavillion
Hay barn (10)
N
Rodale House
Lab. (21)
Sun room Barn Book
Carriage Store
House (18)
Main office (12)
Siegfriedale S. House (18)
Apple
Garage (42)
orchard
Numbers in red (live BMSB), Potential hot spots, East side
Numbers in pink (dead) ©2011 Rodale Institute of the farm and wooded area
- 33. 4.b.c. BMSB could disperse to these locations
and traps needed for monitoring
Garden
Pavillion
Rodale house
Book
store
©2011 Rodale Institute
- 34. Observations
• In small garden situation, placing wooden boards
under plants helped in collecting BMSBs since they
crawl under to seek shelter and moisture
• Spraying Surround® could have minimized the spread
of BMSBs and their population, but no proof
• Spider web could reduce BMSB adult population
• Designing material that mimic spider web that may
reduce their flying ability and aid in trapping them.
©2011 Rodale Institute
- 35. Our future work …
Certainly monitoring and identifying organic
management tactics that control this bug
would lead to:
1. Making better and effective recommendations
to growers and home owners
2. Reduce crop losses
3. Ensure economic and environmental
sustainability
©2011 Rodale Institute
- 37. Acknowledge my team:
Jeff Moyer and Christine Ziegler
thanks to Rita Seidel for providing weather info and
Jake for helping us in collecting the bugs in the
greenhouse!
Thank You Let us discuss!
©2011 Rodale Institute