Conole lisbon

Redefining openness: a vision for Open Practices
Gráinne Conole,
The Open University, UK
Keynote, EFQUEL Conference, Lisbon, 9th September 2010

Orientation
Focus
Social inclusion
Open, social and participatorymedia
A vision of openness – Open Practices
Designing and using OER
Olnet
OPAL
Open Educational Resource Practices (OEP)
Definition
Derivation
TheOPAL OEP quality cube
Innovation
Quality

Open, social and participatory media
New tools/practices are leading to new forms of learning and teaching
Sharing
Media sharing
Web 2.0
Communicating
Blogs & wikis
Networking
Social networking
Interacting
Virtual worlds
Shift from:
Web 1.0 – content repository and static information
Web 2.0 – user generated content and social mediation

A typology of new technologies
(Conole and Alevizou, 2010), Review of Web 2.0 tools in Higher Education
http://cloudworks.ac.uk/cloudscape/view/1895

Redefining openness…
Design
Courses design & shared openly
Delivery
Use of free tools & resources
What is/will be the impact of an increasingly open technologically mediated learning environment in learning and teaching?
Peer critiquing
Sharing
Repurposing
Open practices
Networking
Inquiry
Collective
intelligence
Evaluation
Critical reflection
Research
Sharing of research data
Also see Alex Couros, Edmedia, 2010

Digital skills (Jenkins, et al., 2008)
Play
Performance
Visualisation
Appropriation
Negotiation
Multi-tasking
Simulation
Networking
Distributed cognition
Collective intelligence
Transmedia navigation
Judgment

Open Educational Resources (OER)
Basic definition
The open provision of educational resources, enabled by information and communication technologies, for consultation, use and adaptation by a community of users for non-commercial purposes (UNESCO 2002)
Broader definition
Learning resources
Courseware, content modules, learning objects, learner support & assessment tools, online learning communities
Resources to support teachers
Tools for teachers and support materials to enable them to create, adapt and use OER; training materials for teachers
Resources to assure the quality of education and educational practices (UNESCO 2004)

Pedagogically rich

Level of granularity
‘Atomistic’: based around learning objects (Merlot)
‘Holistic: aligned to course structures (MIT)
Format
Simple, primarily text-based
Rich multi-faceted multimedia
Pedagogy
Relatively neutral
Embedded
OER models

A vision of transformation
Beyond content – focus on activity and use
Learners as self-directed and autonomous
More of a focus on sharing, refinement, iteration, critical reflection
OER as a potential catalyst to transforming educational practice
Improvements in social inclusion, quality and innovation

The reality gap
Paradoxes
Technologies not fully exploited
Little evidence of use of OER
Predominance of ‘old practices’
Media sharing
Blogs & wikis
Reasons
Technical, pedagogical, organisational…
“Lack of time, research vs. teaching, lack of skills, no rewards, no support….”
Solutions?
Models and frameworks
Learning design
Pedagogical patterns
Open Educational Resources
Virtual worlds &
online games
Social networking

Exploring/applying “openness”
Design
Courses design & shared openly
Delivery
Use of free tools & resources
Open
Evaluation
Critical reflection
Research
Sharing of research data

Open Design
Open Delivery
Open Research
X-Delia
Open Evaluation

Cloudworks
A space for sharing and discussing learning and teaching ideas
Application of web 2.0 practice
Examples for teachers & learners to share/discuss
A space for collaboration & communication
Helps develop skills needed for engaging with new technologies’

Title
Author
Core
Tags
Location
Discussions
Improvements

Olnet: Open Learning network
Network
From producing open resources to use of open resources
Build capacity
Find evidence
Refine the issues
Research
Fellowships
Conole, McAndrew & Demtriadis, Forthcoming

Learning analytics: gather & representing data
Conference, Canada, February 2011

Making reuse possible
Conole, McAndrew & Demtriadis, Forthcoming

Explicit design

Design, use, reuse
Design
Design
Uses
Deposits
Repurposes
& deposits
Uses
OER
OER
Teacher A
Learner A
Learner B
Teacher B
Creates
Chooses
Deposits
Quiz + beginners route
Quiz + advanced route

From resources to practices

The OPAL vision
22
Focus on the practice around OER rather than the resources
Better understanding will lead to improvements in the quality of OER and more innovation
Open Educational Resource Practice
OEP constitute the range of practices around the creation, use and management of OER with the intent to improve quality and innovate education.

Abstracting dimensions of Practice
Approach
60+ case studies of OER collected
Dimensions of OEP derived
Derivation of the OEP cube model
Validation
Spotlight on OER on Cloudworks
EDEN workshop
OER activity on Cloudworks
Ongoing online consultation process
http://cloudworks.ac.uk/cloudscape/view/2105

Validation: OER activity on Cloudworks
27 Cloudscapes and 13 Clouds evaluated
Kinds of activities
Reviews, events, debates, other
Intentional, practical, social
Types of Clouds
Instructional, informational, archival Notes, resource aggregator, project descriptions, discussion & debate spaces, interviews
Alevizou et al. 2010

Emergent issues from OER research
Motivations for sharing and incentives for participation
Financial sustainability and licensing jurisdictions
OER tracking, usage patterns and users motivations
Quality and credentials
Effectiveness metrics
Types of research and dissemination of empirical results
Linking research with policy and practice

The OEP cube model
THE DIMENSION: What?
Strategies and Policies
Barriers and Success Factors
Tools and Tool Practices
Skills Development and Support
THE CONTEXT: Where?
Macro level (society)
Meso level (organisation)
Micro level (individuals)
MATURITY: How well is it established?
Initial (not yet started)
Managed
Defined
Optimizing (embedded / advanced)
CONTEXT
MATURITY
DIMENSION
26

Refining the dimension
27
QA models
Partnership Models
Strategies & Policies
Business Models
CONTEXT
Sustainability Strategies
Barriers
Barriers and Success Factors
Success Factors
MATURITY
Tools
DIMENSION
Tools & tool practices
Tool Practices
12 skills of evolving digital literacy
Henry Jenkins
CYBERLEARNING REPORT
Digital Literacy
Skills Development & Support
Support structures and processes

Maturity View
INITIAL (not yet started): Process unpredictable, poorly controlled and reactive
MANAGED: Process characterized for projects and is often reactive.
DEFINED: Process characterized for the organisation and is proactive (Projects tailor their process from the organisation’s standard)
OPTIMIZING (embedded / advanced): Process is measured and controlled, the focus on process improvement
28
CONTEXT
MATURITY
DIMENSION

The cube model
29
1AX
1BX
1AX
1BX
1BX
1BX
1AY
1BX
Levels
1BY
1BX
1BY
3AX
Macro-level: Societal
Meso-level: Organisation
Micro-level: Individual
2AX
1BY
3BX
2BX
3CX
2AX
2BX
3DX
2BX
2BX
2AY
2BX
2BY
2BX
2BY
2AX
3AX
2BY
2BX
3BX
2CX
3AX
3BX
2DX
3BX
3BX
3AY
3BX
3BY
3BX
3BY
1AX
3BY
1BX
Strategies & policies
Barriers & successfactors
Tools & toolpractices
SkillsDev &Support
1CX
1DX
Level of maturity
Optimizing
Defined
Managed
Initial
Dimensions
OER embedded in strategy
Institutional OER repository
Adapted from diagram by T. Koskinen

Uses and benefits
Three uses
Benchmarking
Guidance
Reflection and comparison
Benefits
Guides users in understanding how to think about the key issues.
Flexible enough to cover the multiple stakeholders
Sub-cubes provide practical illustrative examples
Useful as a mechanism for institutions to self-benchmark
30

Mapping the case studies
31

Final thoughts
A vision of OEP for inclusion, innovation & quality
Learning and the context of learning have changed
We need new approaches to learning and teaching
How can we harness increasingly sophisticated tools and OERs?
How can we support innovation in the use and reuse of OER?
Will openness enable or restrict social inclusion?
What are the quality implications in an increasingly open context?
How can we ensure research better informs policy and practice?

Sources
Mash ups http://www.flickr.com/photos/richardellard/4524139966/
Molecule http://www.flickr.com/photos/8272941@N07/498827420/
Periodic table http://www.flickr.com/photos/chemheritage/3984920162/
Music sheet http://www.flickr.com/photos/anyaka/21848267/
One world http://www.flickr.com/photos/psd/2731067095/
World of warcraft http://www.flickr.com/photos/shardsofblue/3981216281/
Questionmarkhttp://www.flickr.com/photos/crystaljingsr/3914729343/
http://suifaijohnmak.files.wordpress.com/2009/11/communication-sep08_leskovec_tdef_page_03_480.jpg
Yin-Yang image http://learn4kicks.files.wordpress.com/2009/09/yinyangconceptmap.gif
Imperial collage second life island http://knowledgecast.wordpress.com/2009/07/10/icl-tour2/
Personal Inquiry project http://www.pi-project.ac.uk/resources/
E-Portfolios http://www.jiscinfonet.ac.uk/infokits/e-portfolios

Sources
http://www.geeky-gadgets.com/samsung-galaxy-s2-android-3-0-and-a-2ghz-processor-06-07-2010/
http://thehottestgadgets.com/2008/05/samsung-to-debut-3m-mini-projectors-with-new-phones-00280
http://www.dontwasteyourtime.co.uk/elearning/ipad-is-it-any-good-for-the-classroom-or-learning/
http://www.erwinvanlun.com/images/uploads/SmartGlasses.jpg
OpenLearningInitiative
http://distancelearn.about.com/gi/o.htm?zi=1/XJ&zTi=1&sdn=distancelearn&cdn=education&tm=6&f=00&su=p897.9.336.ip_&tt=11&bt=1&bts=1&zu=http://www.cmu.edu/oli/
Molecule http://www.flickr.com/photos/8272941@N07/498827420/
Periodic table http://www.flickr.com/photos/chemheritage/3984920162/
Music sheet http://www.flickr.com/photos/anyaka/21848267/
One world http://www.flickr.com/photos/psd/2731067095/
World of warcraft http://www.flickr.com/photos/shardsofblue/3981216281/
Questionmarkhttp://www.flickr.com/photos/crystaljingsr/3914729343/
Crystal ball http://mashable.com/2009/08/20/ted-future/

Sources
iPhonehttp://virulentwordofmouse.files.wordpress.com/2009/12/iphone.jpg
eBook readers http://wowio.files.wordpress.com/2007/07/reader-options2.jpg

http://www.qualityfoundation.org	77
http://www.efquel.org	73
http://cloudworks.ac.uk	43
http://ultimatelearning.blogspot.com	42
http://132.252.53.70	21
http://ultimatelearning.blogspot.pt	6
http://translate.googleusercontent.com	4
http://www.open-quality.eu	3
http://conference-streaming.com	1
http://webcache.googleusercontent.com	1

Conole lisbon

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