OLM Science6_6

Slideshow Transcript

1. Slide 1: Chapter 6 Plate Tectonics Inside the Earth Section 1
2. Slide 2: Earth Layers * The Earth is divided into four main layers. *Crust *Mantle *Core
3. Slide 3: The Crust * The Earth’s crust is like the skin of an apple. It is the outer most layer. *The crust makes up 1% of the Earth. * The crust of the Earth is broken into many pieces called plates.
4. Slide 4: The Mantle * The mantle is the layer between the crust & the core. * The mantle is the largest layer of the Earth. * The mantle is divided into two regions: the upper and lower sections.
5. Slide 5: Core * The core extends from the bottom of the mantle to the center of the Earth. * The outer core is liquid. * The inner core is a solid.
6. Slide 6: Asthenosphere * Soft layer of the mantle on which pieces of the lithosphere move.
7. Slide 7: Lithosphere * The outermost ridge layer of the Earth
8. Slide 8: Mesosphere * Beneath the Asthenosphere is the strongest part of the mantle
9. Slide 9: Outer Core * Liquid layer of the Earth’s core
10. Slide 10: Inner Core * Solid dense center of our planet
11. Slide 11: Tectonic Plates * Pieces of the lithoshpere that move around on the top of the asthenosphere
12. Slide 12: Chapter 6 Plate Tectonics Restless Continents Section 2
13. Slide 13: Continental Drift * Continents can drift apart from one another and have done so in the past
14. Slide 14: The Break up of Pangea * 245 Million years ago
15. Slide 15: Laurasia & Gondwana * 180 Million years ago
16. Slide 16: North America, Eurasia, Africa, India, South America, Antarctica * 65 Million years ago
17. Slide 17: Sea-floor spreading * How a new oceanic lithosphere is created as older materials are pulled away
18. Slide 18: Sea-floor spreading
19. Slide 19: Magnetic Reversal * Earth’s magnetic poles change positions
20. Slide 20: Chapter 6 Plate Tectonics The theory of Plate Tectonics Section 3
21. Slide 21: Plate Tectonics * Earth’s lithosphere is divided into tectonic plates that move around the top of the asthenosphere
22. Slide 22: Ridge Push * Lithosphere is higher then it is where it sinks beneath the continental lithosphere
23. Slide 23: Slab Pull * When an oceanic plate collides with the continental plate. The oceanic plate is forced into the asthenosphere
24. Slide 24: Convection * Hotter material deep within the Earth rises while cooler material sinks
25. Slide 25: Convergent Boundaries * When two tectonic plates push into one another * Continental/Continental Collisions * Continental/Oceanic Collusions * Oceanic/Oceanic Collusions
26. Slide 26: Continental/Continental Collisions * When 2 tectonic plates with continental crust collide
27. Slide 27: Continental/Oceanic Collusions * When a tectonic plate with continental crust crashes into a plate with oceanic plates
28. Slide 28: Oceanic/Oceanic Collusions * When two oceanic plates collide
29. Slide 29: Divergent Boundaries * When two tectonic plates move away from one another * Moving apart
30. Slide 30: Moving Apart * Two tectonic plates move apart from each other
31. Slide 31: Transform Boundaries * The boundary between two tectonic plates that slide past each other * Sliding Past
32. Slide 32: Sliding Past * Two tectonic plates slide past each other
33. Slide 33: Chapter 6 Plate Tectonics Deforming the Earth’s Crust Section 4
34. Slide 34: Stress * The amount of force that is put on a given material
35. Slide 35: Compression * The type of stress that occurs when an object is squeezed, when 2 tectonic plates collide
36. Slide 36: Tension * Stress that occurs when forces act to stretch an object
37. Slide 37: Folding * Rock layers bend due to compression of the Earth’s crust * Anticline * Syncline * Monocline
38. Slide 38: Anticline
39. Slide 39: Syncline
40. Slide 40: Monocline
41. Slide 41: Fault * The surface along which rocks break & slide past each other
42. Slide 42: Normal Fault * The hanging wall moves down relative to the footwall
43. Slide 43: Reverse Fault * The hanging wall moves up relative to the footwall
44. Slide 44: Strike-slip Fault * Rocks break & move horizontally
45. Slide 45: Folded Mountains * Rock layers are pushed upward
46. Slide 46: Fault Block Mountains * Large blocks of the Earth’s crust drop relative to other blocks
47. Slide 47: Volcanic Mountains * Form over the type of convergent boundaries that include subduction zones