Civil Society and Corruption: Armenian Public Perceptions Research Project Dr. Yevgenya Paturyan Yerevan, 2009 Caucasus Research Resource Centers – ARMENIA A Program of Eurasia Partnership Foundation

Presentation Structure Theoretical concepts Background information Research Questions Results: Perceptions of NGOs Active Population Groups Conclusion and Discussion

Theoretical concepts

Background information

Research Questions

Results:

Perceptions of NGOs

Active Population Groups

Conclusion and Discussion

Theoretical Concepts Civil society :Voluntary sphere outside of market, state and private realms Corruption: abuse of public power for private benefit

Civil society :Voluntary sphere outside of market, state and private realms

Corruption: abuse of public power for private benefit

Background information http:// info.worldbank.org/governance/wgi/sc_chart.asp # accessed on July 8, 2009.

Research Questions RQ 1: How are NGOs perceived in relation to corruption issues in Armenia? RQ 2: Do people, willing to counter corruption in Armenia, constitute a distinct group different from the general population?

RQ 1: How are NGOs perceived in relation to corruption issues in Armenia?

RQ 2: Do people, willing to counter corruption in Armenia, constitute a distinct group different from the general population?

Perceptions of NGOs Good News Not corrupt (77.7%) Capable of combating corruption (55%) Bad News Not well known Not too many people would approach Almost no one does approach or think about approaching without prior probing

Good News

Not corrupt (77.7%)

Capable of combating corruption (55%)

Bad News

Not well known

Not too many people would approach

Almost no one does approach or think about approaching without prior probing

Knowledge of NGOs Know an anti-corruption NGO: Yes: 6.4% (could name one: 5.6%) No: 91.3% Don’t know what an NGO is: 2.3% Most known NGOs: AYLA, Yerevan Press Club

Know an anti-corruption NGO:

Yes: 6.4% (could name one: 5.6%)

No: 91.3%

Don’t know what an NGO is: 2.3%

Most known NGOs: AYLA, Yerevan Press Club

Willingness to approach an NGO 100% 1549 Total 30.1% 467 Total Missing 1.2% 19 Refused 22.2% 344 Don’t Know 6.7% 104 NA 100% 69.9% 1082 Total Valid 53.2% 37.2% 576 No 46.8% 32.7% 506 Yes Valid % % N

Awareness of NGOs What can you do to reduce corruption? Approach an NGO: 0.8% (13 people) as a first choice, total 1.7% (27 people). What institution would you contact: 0.1 % (2 people) as a first choice, total 0.4% (7 people). Have reported to NGOs: 0.8% (12 people)

What can you do to reduce corruption? Approach an NGO: 0.8% (13 people) as a first choice, total 1.7% (27 people).

What institution would you contact: 0.1 % (2 people) as a first choice, total 0.4% (7 people).

Have reported to NGOs: 0.8% (12 people)

Interest in NGO Assistance 15.4% Free legal advice 18.8% Information about where to complain 25.9% Information about legislation 34.% Information about obligations 56% Information about rights

Active Groups ‘Hones’ People Would not take a bribe: 71.9% Would not give a bribe: 40.9% Would do neither: 37.1% Potential Anti-Corruption Activists Anti-Corruption Activists

‘Hones’ People

Would not take a bribe: 71.9%

Would not give a bribe: 40.9%

Would do neither: 37.1%

Potential Anti-Corruption Activists

Anti-Corruption Activists

Anti-Corruption Activists 1.2% Participate in educational campaigns 0.6% Participate in awareness campaigns 0.2% File a lawsuit 0.4% Report corruption to authorities 0.8% Report corruption to NGOs 22.6% Refuse to make favors 32.0% Abstain from paying bribes Yes

Anti-Corruption Activists: Who are they? Age Gender Education : people with higher education Income : people with 120-240 000 AMD monthly income Urban/Rural : urban residents Region in Armenia : Yerevan and Tavush

Age

Gender

Education : people with higher education

Income : people with 120-240 000 AMD monthly income

Urban/Rural : urban residents

Region in Armenia : Yerevan and Tavush

Conclusion ‘ Shallow Positive’ Image of NGOs Anti-Corruption activists are rural residents of Yerevan and Tavush with higher education and upper-middle income.

‘ Shallow Positive’ Image of NGOs

Anti-Corruption activists are rural residents of Yerevan and Tavush with higher education and upper-middle income.