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DESIGN OF INTERVENTIONS  FOR INSTRUCTIONAL REFORM  IN SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT EDUCATION FOR COMPETENCY ENHANCEMENT (2003-2011)  (Synopsis Submission:Aug, 2009, Thesis Submission: April 2010,  Oral defense: Jan, 2011)   Sanjay Goel   Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
Inspiration and Motivation Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
Inspiration ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
Turning points:  inspirational exposures at JIIT, 2002-04 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
Engineering and Computing Education Some International Journals … ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
Engineering and Computing Education Some International Journals  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
Engineering and Computing Education Some international Conferences and other Publications ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
Motivation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
Brief Overview of Work Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
Research Goals ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
Research Processes ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
Thesis layout ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
Published/Under publication  Papers on Computing Education  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
Published  Papers on Computing Education  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
Main Contributions Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
Evolving Role of Computing and Information Technology ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
Distinguishing features of Software Development ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
Three-tier Taxonomy of Core Competencies for Software Developers  Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011 Basic Competencies Competency Driver-Habits of Mind Competency Conditioning Attitudes and Perspectives ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Summary of Instructional Interventions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
Theory Building: Unified Framework of Pedagogic Engagements in Software Development Education ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
Some Important Details Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
Research Goals ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
Evolution of Computing Education Curriculum ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
Evolution of Computing Education Curriculum ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
A Taxonomy of Software development related Engineering Activities ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
A Taxonomy of Software development related Engineering Activities ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
A Taxonomy of Software development related Engineering Activities ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
A Taxonomy of Software development related Engineering Activities ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
A Taxonomy of Software development related Engineering Activities ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
Recommended Most Important Activities wrt  Education  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
Research Goals ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
Required Professional Competencies wrt Software Development Activities Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
Competency ratings by working engineers in IT companies Goel Sanjay (2006), Investigations on required core competencies for engineering graduates with reference to the Indian IT industry,  European Journal of Engineering Education, Vol 31 Issue 5, October,  Taylor & Francis, UK.  54 respondents from 15 companies.  Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011 No Engineering Competency Normalised Figure of Merit  (Max. = 10) Category   1 Problem solving 10.0 Pivotal 2 Analysis / Methodological skills 8.8 Critical 3 Basic engineering proficiency 8.5 Critical 4 Development know-how 8.2 Critical 5 Teamwork skills 8.2 Critical 6 English Language skills 7.6 Critical 7 Presentation skills 7.5 Critical 8 Practical engineering experience 7.3 Critical 9 Leadership skills 7.3 Critical 10 Communication skills 7.2 Critical … Total 23 competencies
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
Comparative analysis of some common competencies identified by some accreditation agencies   Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011 Competency Position in the respective list  ABET  ’01 UK-SPEC,  ‘03 IES, ’04 EA, ‘05 JABEE, ‘04 Avg 1 Ability to apply knowledge  1 2 1  1 3 1.6 2 Design skills. 3 2 3 5 5 3.6 3 Problem solving skills. 5 - 4 4 4 4.25 4 Technical competence. 11 1 5 3 4 4.8 5 Ability to work in multidisciplinary teams. 4 4 9 6 1 4.8 6 Communication skills. 7 4 6 2 6 5 7 Sensitivity towards global, societal, and environmental issues. 8 5 8 7 2 6 8 Sensitivity towards ethical and professional issues. 6 5 10 9 2 6.4 9 Readiness for life-long learning. 9 5 7 10 7 7.6
Meaningful usage, extension, and acquisition of knowledge   Productive habits of mind Attitudes and perceptions  Three-dimensional framework of competencies   Dimensions of Learning  (Marzano R. J., Pickering D. & McTighe J. 1993) Dimension 1: Attitudes and perceptions. Dimension 2: Acquire and Integrate Knowledge Dimension 3: Extend and Refine Knowledge Dimension 4: Use Knowledge Meaningfully Dimension 5: Productive Habits of Mind Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
Competency Focused Engineering Education with Reference to  IT Related Disciplines: Is the Indian System Ready for Transformation? Sanjay Goel, Journal of Information Technology Education Volume 5, 2006 Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011 ,[object Object],[object Object],Meaningful usage, extension, and acquisition of knowledge ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Revised Competency ratings…,  2007…71  responses from 33  companies Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011 No. Competencies Category 1 Perseverance, commitment, and hardwork. Existential 2 Ability to work in  teams. 3 Ability to apply knowledge. Pivotal 4 Integrity and authenticity. 5 Analytical skills.  6 Accountability and responsibility. 7 Technical competence. 8 Problem solving skills. 9 Listening skills. Critical 10 Attention to detail.  11 Project planning and management.  12 Quality consciousness and pursuit of excellence. 13 Critical thinking. 14 Readiness for lifelong learning. 15 Design skills.
Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011 16 Communication skills. Obligatory 17 Research skills. 18 Adaptability  and ability to multi-task. 19 “ Be the customer” Mentality 20 Systems-level perspective  21 Decision making skills 22 Creativity  and idea initiation. 23 Organizational skills Desirable 24 Mentoring skills. 25 Experimentation skills. 26 Numerical ability. 27 Constructive criticism skills 28 Persuasion skills. 29 Sense of urgency  and stress management. 30 Ability to assist others through mentoring and philanthropic donations. 31 Wealth creation skills. 32 Knowledge of contemporary issues. 33 Cost consciousness. 34 Sensitivity towards global, societal, environmental, moral, and ethical  issues and sustainability.  Complimentary 35 Entrepreneurship.
wrt Software services work   Average competency rating for 35 competencies =  33/100 Revised Competency ratings…,  2007…71  responses from 33  companies Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011 Competency 1 Ability to work in  teams. Existential 2 Perseverance, commitment, and hardwork. Critical 3 Listening skills. Obligatory
IT professionals  wrt  Research or product development  work in large or midsize companies   Average competency rating for 35 competencies =  47/100 Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011 Sno. Competencies 1 Ability to work in  teams. Existential 2 Ability to apply knowledge. 3 Perseverance, commitment, and hardwork. Pivotal 4 Accountability and responsibility. Critical 5 Analytical skills.  6 Problem solving skills. 7 Research skills. 8 Integrity and authenticity. Obligatory 9 Critical thinking. 10 Design skills. 11 Technical competence.
IT professionals  wrt  Research or product development  work in small companies   Average competency rating for 35 competencies =  49/100 Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011 Sno. Competencies 1 Perseverance, commitment, and hardwork. Existential 2 Accountability and responsibility. Pivotal 3 Ability to apply knowledge. 4 Problem solving skills. 5 Research skills. 6 Attention to detail.  Critical 7 Analytical skills.  8 Integrity and authenticity. 9 Readiness for lifelong learning. 10 Technical competence. 11 Quality consciousness and pursuit of excellence. Obligatory 12 Critical thinking. 13 Design skills.
[object Object],Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011 Academic Problems Real life practical problems ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011 Micro level communication skill Most Important  (84 responses) Greatest Weakness   (69 responses) Listening with understanding and empathy 55% 37% Writing with clarity 16% 14% Speaking with clarity 15% 33% Reading with comprehension 7% 5% Making impressive presentations 4% 8%
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011 Competencies Weakest Area  (58 responses) Decision making ability 41% Thinking ability 24% Procedural knowledge  15% Conceptual Knowledge 15% Learning ability 3%
Competency Recommendations: Key References   ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
Competency Recommendations: Key References   ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
Other important Recommendation/Studies  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
Models of Competency Classification:  Key references ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
Three-tier Taxonomy of Core Competencies for Software Developers  Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011 Basic Competencies Competency Driver-Habits of Mind Competency Conditioning Attitudes and Perspectives ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Research Goals ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
Phenomenon of Learning: Some Results Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Levels of Cognition ,[object Object],[object Object],What students think they get to do? calculate, explain, prove   (studied theorem, studied method), define (studied definitions), write, solve, compute, show (studied fact, studied method), evaluate(computation), derive, state, describe, determine, find, analyze, justify,  ….  What students think works well for them wrt learning? design, analyze, understand, build, apply,   adapt, implement, create, develop, demonstrate, validate,  define (new things), show (unstudied fact in the direct context of studied material) , illustrate, compare, enjoy, correlate, argue, research, evaluate (the options),  ... What professional engineers  recommend ? analyse, design, develop, implement,   evaluate (the options), integrate, build, conclude, define (new things), acquire, demonstrate, justify, assess, organize, formulate, estimate, summarize, categorize, validate, document, standardize, identify  Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011 Correlation   What professional engineers recommend ? What students get in exams?  -0.57
Rating Comparison  Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011     Bloom levels What students think they get ?       What students get in exams ? What students think works well for them ? What  engineers recommend ? Knowledge 0.24 0.36 0.04 0.09 Comprehen-sion 0.24 0.16 0.11 0.10 Application 0.22 0.40 0.13 0.10 Analysis 0.14 0.04 0.15 0.19 Synthesis 0.14 0.05 0.46 0.38 Evaluation 0.02 0.00 0.11 0.15
What working IT engineers think about  Teaching Methods?,  SPINE based Study, 2004-05 Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011 No (j) Teaching Method Normalised Figure of Merit (Max. = 10) Category 1 Group Projects 10.0 Pivotal 2 Project 9.8 Pivotal 3 Practical Training 9.2 Pivotal 4 Industrial Training /Internship 6.5 Obligatory 5 Lecture 6.5 Obligatory 6 Seminars 6.3 Obligatory 7 Written projects/studies 6.2 Obligatory 8 Home work/Out of class assignment 3.8 Complementary
Effective lecturing in engineering and computing courses, 2005-06? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
What students think about lectures attributes? Goel Sanjay (2006), Do Engineering Faculty Know What’s Broken?  The National Teaching & Learning Forum , Vol 15 Number 2, USA  Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011 Lecture Format property Most Effective for learning Least Effective for learning Most Often used 1. careful listening and preparing notes 36.36% 70.45% 79.55% 2. explain textbook 11.36% 90.91% 88.64% 6. creative thinking 75.00% 4.55% 9.09% 7. in-class-group-work 63.64% 4.55% 2.27% 14. discover 63.64% 2.27% 0.00% Correlation Most Effective for  Learning Least Effective for Learning Least Effective for Learning -0.79 Most Often used Lecture Format -0.69 0.99
Table A9.1: 29 students’ responses on ‘questioning in the class’,2005 Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Table A10.1 :  Effectiveness of educational experiences for competency enhancement of software developers   67 Software developers - (How) Did your college help you in your development?”  Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011 Pedagogical Engagements Rating Avg (0-4) ,[object Object],3.40 ,[object Object],2.99 ,[object Object],2.96 ,[object Object],2.84 ,[object Object],2.76 ,[object Object],2.70 ,[object Object],2.60 ,[object Object],2.55 ,[object Object],2.39 ,[object Object],1.97 ,[object Object],1.91 ,[object Object],1.85
Table 7.2:  Perceived effectiveness of engagements with respect to  competencies  67 Software developers - (How) Did your college help you in your development?” Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011 Competency  Most effective pedagogical engagements  Technical competence  Projects (84%)  and Laboratory work (65%) Communication competence Discussions with other students (84%),   Mentoring juniors (71%),  Discussions with faculty (69%), and Discussion with others (51%) Domain competence Projects (61%), Research literature survey (51%), and Knowledge transmission oriented lectures (51%) Complex problem solving  Projects (79%),  Laboratory work (59%), and Thinking oriented lectures (51%) Computational thinking  Projects (64%) and Thinking oriented lectures (49%)  Attention to details Projects (71%) Critical and reflective thinking Projects (50%) Creativity and innovation Projects (82%)  and Thinking oriented lectures (53%) Curiosity  Projects (66%) and Research literature survey (62%) Decision making perspective Projects (90%), Industrial training (71%) Systems-level perspective Projects (58%) and Mentoring other students (51%) Intrinsic motivation to create/improve artifacts  Projects (74% ), Research literature survey (58%), Thinking oriented lectures (54%), Discussions with students (50%), and Discussions with faculty (50%).
Table A10.3:  Effectiveness of educational experiences for competency enhancement with respect to direct/indirect contribution for final year project by  210 computing students (7th sem) Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011 Pedagogical Engagements Rating, 0-4 ,[object Object],2.8 ,[object Object],2.8 ,[object Object],2.7 ,[object Object],2.5 ,[object Object],2.5 ,[object Object],2.4 ,[object Object],2.2 ,[object Object],2.1 ,[object Object],1.9 ,[object Object],1.8 ,[object Object],1.6 ,[object Object],1.5
Phenomenon of Learning: Some Important  Learning Theories Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
Human learning, intelligence, and thinking?  Theories… ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
Human learning, intelligence, and thinking?  Theories… ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Human learning, intelligence, and thinking? Theories… Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Human learning, intelligence, and thinking? Theories… Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Human learning, intelligence, and thinking? Theories… Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Human learning, intelligence, and thinking? Theories… Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
Research Goals ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
Experimentation: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
Theory Building: Unified Framework of Pedagogic Engagements in Software Development Education ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
Two Core Principles Related to Learning ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
Summary of Instructional Interventions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
Instructional Interventions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
Instructional Interventions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Ritu Arora and Sanjay Goel (2009), Software Engineering approach for teaching development of Scalable Enterprise Applications,  proceedings of 22nd Conference on Software Engineering Education and Training, IEEE, pp 105-112.  Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
Instructional Interventions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
Instructional Interventions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
Instructional Interventions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
Perceived Benefits of Using PSP in laboratories:  Students feedback Its  modified format  been tested for getting higher gains in Estimation Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011 Ist  year (109) 2 nd  yr (91) 3 rd  yr (75) Programming Efficiency Enhancement 57% 59% 76% Defect Rate Reduction 37% 37% 59% Activity Record and Reflection 32% 39% 59% Estimations and Planning 25% 27% 31%
Instructional Interventions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
Instructional Interventions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Sanjay Goel and Vanshi Kathuria A Novel approach for pair programming,  Journal of Information Technology Education, USA , Vol 9, pp 183-196, 2010. Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
Instructional Interventions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011 Alumni rating (36 Nos) for enhanced Competency (-2 to 2) Communication skills 1 Accountability and responsibility, strength of conviction, and self-regulation, ability to see the self as bound to all humans with ties of recognition and concern, sensitivity towards global, societal, environmental, moral, ethical and professional issues, and sustainability 1 Ability to accommodate self to others, ability to work such that others can easily understand and build upon. 0.9 Critical and reflective thinking, 0.9
Table A23.1: Mentors’ reflections on the effect of mentoring on their own competencies  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
Summary of Instructional Interventions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
Impact Analysis of a Faculty Development Workshop: What faculty think about lectures attributes?, 2005 Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011 Lecture Format attribute Fraction of faculty who rated the attribute as  most important  at the beginning of the  workshop Fraction of faculty who rated the attribute as  most important  towards the end of the workshop e. problem solving  38.89% 60.38% f. creative thinking 66.67% 83.02% g. in-class-group-work 22.22% 60.38% h. create conceptual designs 31.48% 69.81%
Summary of Instructional Interventions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
Research Goals ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
Theory Building Unified Framework of  Pedagogic Engagements in  Software Development Education Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
Theory Building: Unified Framework of Pedagogic Engagements in Software Development Education ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
Three-tier Taxonomy of Core Competencies for Software Developers  Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011 Basic Competencies Competency Driver-Habits of Mind Competency Conditioning Attitudes and Perspectives ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Three-tier Taxonomy of Core Competencies for Software Developers  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011 Basic Competencies Competency Driver-Habits of Mind Competency Conditioning Attitudes and Perspectives ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Theory Building: Unified Framework of Pedagogic Engagements in Software Development Education ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
Four-dimensional Taxonomy of Pedagogic Engagements in Software Development Education Reflective Engagements Integrative Engagements Active Engagements  Collaborative Engagements Individual  engagement  problem solving activity  Inclusion and integration  of various ideas and diverse perspectives . Think deeply to  evaluate and refine/transform  their own approach and views collaborate with others to solve problems Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
Table 8.5:  Levels of Active Engagements  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],These engagements must also ensure a good mix of  convergent, assimilative, divergent, and accommodative  activities as per  Kolb’s model Over  3D Taxonomy of Knowledge Domain  Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
Four-dimensional Taxonomy of Pedagogic Engagements in Software Development Education Reflective Engagements Integrative Engagements Active Engagements  Collaborative Engagements Individual  engagement  problem solving activity  Inclusion and integration  of various ideas and diverse perspectives . Think deeply to  evaluate and refine/transform  their own approach and views collaborate with others to solve problems Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
Table 8.8: Levels of integrative engagements ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
Four-dimensional Taxonomy of Pedagogic Engagements in Software Development Education Reflective Engagements Integrative Engagements Active Engagements  Collaborative Engagements Individual  engagement  problem solving activity  Inclusion and integration  of various ideas and diverse perspectives . Think deeply to  evaluate and refine/transform  their own approach and views collaborate with others to solve problems Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Table 8.9: Levels of Reflective Engagements Bateson’s logical categories of learning  Schön’s ladders of reflection Borton’s Model of reflection Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
Four-dimensional Taxonomy of Pedagogic Engagements in Software Development Education Reflective Engagements Integrative Engagements Active Engagements  Collaborative Engagements Individual  engagement  problem solving activity  Inclusion and integration  of various ideas and diverse perspectives . Think deeply to  evaluate and refine/transform  their own approach and views collaborate with others to solve problems Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Table 8.9: Levels of Collaborative Engagements Salmon’s levels of collaborative e-learning  Dillenboug’s four conditions of collaborative learning Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
Summary of Presentation Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
Research Goals ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
Research Processes ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
Distinguishing features of Software Development ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
Summary of Instructional Interventions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
Theory Building: Unified Framework of Pedagogic Engagements in Software Development Education ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
Three-tier Taxonomy of Core Competencies for Software Developers  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011 Basic Competencies Competency Driver-Habits of Mind Competency Conditioning Attitudes and Perspectives ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Four-dimensional Taxonomy of Pedagogic Engagements in Software Development Education Reflective Engagements Integrative Engagements Active Engagements  Collaborative Engagements Individual  engagement  problem solving activity  Inclusion and integration  of various ideas and diverse perspectives . Think deeply to  evaluate and refine/transform  their own approach and views Collaborate with others to solve problems Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
Thanks Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011

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Ph D Presentation

  • 1. DESIGN OF INTERVENTIONS FOR INSTRUCTIONAL REFORM IN SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT EDUCATION FOR COMPETENCY ENHANCEMENT (2003-2011) (Synopsis Submission:Aug, 2009, Thesis Submission: April 2010, Oral defense: Jan, 2011) Sanjay Goel Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
  • 2. Inspiration and Motivation Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
  • 3.
  • 4.
  • 5.
  • 6.
  • 7.
  • 8.
  • 9. Brief Overview of Work Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
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  • 12.
  • 13.
  • 14.
  • 15. Main Contributions Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
  • 16.
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  • 19.
  • 20.
  • 21. Some Important Details Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
  • 22.
  • 23.
  • 24.
  • 25.
  • 26.
  • 27.
  • 28.
  • 29.
  • 30.
  • 31.
  • 32. Required Professional Competencies wrt Software Development Activities Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
  • 33. Competency ratings by working engineers in IT companies Goel Sanjay (2006), Investigations on required core competencies for engineering graduates with reference to the Indian IT industry, European Journal of Engineering Education, Vol 31 Issue 5, October, Taylor & Francis, UK. 54 respondents from 15 companies. Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011 No Engineering Competency Normalised Figure of Merit (Max. = 10) Category 1 Problem solving 10.0 Pivotal 2 Analysis / Methodological skills 8.8 Critical 3 Basic engineering proficiency 8.5 Critical 4 Development know-how 8.2 Critical 5 Teamwork skills 8.2 Critical 6 English Language skills 7.6 Critical 7 Presentation skills 7.5 Critical 8 Practical engineering experience 7.3 Critical 9 Leadership skills 7.3 Critical 10 Communication skills 7.2 Critical … Total 23 competencies
  • 34.
  • 35. Comparative analysis of some common competencies identified by some accreditation agencies Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011 Competency Position in the respective list ABET ’01 UK-SPEC, ‘03 IES, ’04 EA, ‘05 JABEE, ‘04 Avg 1 Ability to apply knowledge 1 2 1 1 3 1.6 2 Design skills. 3 2 3 5 5 3.6 3 Problem solving skills. 5 - 4 4 4 4.25 4 Technical competence. 11 1 5 3 4 4.8 5 Ability to work in multidisciplinary teams. 4 4 9 6 1 4.8 6 Communication skills. 7 4 6 2 6 5 7 Sensitivity towards global, societal, and environmental issues. 8 5 8 7 2 6 8 Sensitivity towards ethical and professional issues. 6 5 10 9 2 6.4 9 Readiness for life-long learning. 9 5 7 10 7 7.6
  • 36. Meaningful usage, extension, and acquisition of knowledge Productive habits of mind Attitudes and perceptions Three-dimensional framework of competencies Dimensions of Learning (Marzano R. J., Pickering D. & McTighe J. 1993) Dimension 1: Attitudes and perceptions. Dimension 2: Acquire and Integrate Knowledge Dimension 3: Extend and Refine Knowledge Dimension 4: Use Knowledge Meaningfully Dimension 5: Productive Habits of Mind Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
  • 37.
  • 38. Revised Competency ratings…, 2007…71 responses from 33 companies Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011 No. Competencies Category 1 Perseverance, commitment, and hardwork. Existential 2 Ability to work in teams. 3 Ability to apply knowledge. Pivotal 4 Integrity and authenticity. 5 Analytical skills. 6 Accountability and responsibility. 7 Technical competence. 8 Problem solving skills. 9 Listening skills. Critical 10 Attention to detail. 11 Project planning and management. 12 Quality consciousness and pursuit of excellence. 13 Critical thinking. 14 Readiness for lifelong learning. 15 Design skills.
  • 39. Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011 16 Communication skills. Obligatory 17 Research skills. 18 Adaptability and ability to multi-task. 19 “ Be the customer” Mentality 20 Systems-level perspective 21 Decision making skills 22 Creativity and idea initiation. 23 Organizational skills Desirable 24 Mentoring skills. 25 Experimentation skills. 26 Numerical ability. 27 Constructive criticism skills 28 Persuasion skills. 29 Sense of urgency and stress management. 30 Ability to assist others through mentoring and philanthropic donations. 31 Wealth creation skills. 32 Knowledge of contemporary issues. 33 Cost consciousness. 34 Sensitivity towards global, societal, environmental, moral, and ethical issues and sustainability. Complimentary 35 Entrepreneurship.
  • 40. wrt Software services work Average competency rating for 35 competencies = 33/100 Revised Competency ratings…, 2007…71 responses from 33 companies Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011 Competency 1 Ability to work in teams. Existential 2 Perseverance, commitment, and hardwork. Critical 3 Listening skills. Obligatory
  • 41. IT professionals wrt Research or product development work in large or midsize companies Average competency rating for 35 competencies = 47/100 Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011 Sno. Competencies 1 Ability to work in teams. Existential 2 Ability to apply knowledge. 3 Perseverance, commitment, and hardwork. Pivotal 4 Accountability and responsibility. Critical 5 Analytical skills. 6 Problem solving skills. 7 Research skills. 8 Integrity and authenticity. Obligatory 9 Critical thinking. 10 Design skills. 11 Technical competence.
  • 42. IT professionals wrt Research or product development work in small companies Average competency rating for 35 competencies = 49/100 Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011 Sno. Competencies 1 Perseverance, commitment, and hardwork. Existential 2 Accountability and responsibility. Pivotal 3 Ability to apply knowledge. 4 Problem solving skills. 5 Research skills. 6 Attention to detail. Critical 7 Analytical skills. 8 Integrity and authenticity. 9 Readiness for lifelong learning. 10 Technical competence. 11 Quality consciousness and pursuit of excellence. Obligatory 12 Critical thinking. 13 Design skills.
  • 43.
  • 44.
  • 45.
  • 46.
  • 47.
  • 48.
  • 49.
  • 50.
  • 51.
  • 52. Phenomenon of Learning: Some Results Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
  • 53.
  • 54. Rating Comparison Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011     Bloom levels What students think they get ?       What students get in exams ? What students think works well for them ? What engineers recommend ? Knowledge 0.24 0.36 0.04 0.09 Comprehen-sion 0.24 0.16 0.11 0.10 Application 0.22 0.40 0.13 0.10 Analysis 0.14 0.04 0.15 0.19 Synthesis 0.14 0.05 0.46 0.38 Evaluation 0.02 0.00 0.11 0.15
  • 55. What working IT engineers think about Teaching Methods?, SPINE based Study, 2004-05 Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011 No (j) Teaching Method Normalised Figure of Merit (Max. = 10) Category 1 Group Projects 10.0 Pivotal 2 Project 9.8 Pivotal 3 Practical Training 9.2 Pivotal 4 Industrial Training /Internship 6.5 Obligatory 5 Lecture 6.5 Obligatory 6 Seminars 6.3 Obligatory 7 Written projects/studies 6.2 Obligatory 8 Home work/Out of class assignment 3.8 Complementary
  • 56.
  • 57. What students think about lectures attributes? Goel Sanjay (2006), Do Engineering Faculty Know What’s Broken? The National Teaching & Learning Forum , Vol 15 Number 2, USA Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011 Lecture Format property Most Effective for learning Least Effective for learning Most Often used 1. careful listening and preparing notes 36.36% 70.45% 79.55% 2. explain textbook 11.36% 90.91% 88.64% 6. creative thinking 75.00% 4.55% 9.09% 7. in-class-group-work 63.64% 4.55% 2.27% 14. discover 63.64% 2.27% 0.00% Correlation Most Effective for Learning Least Effective for Learning Least Effective for Learning -0.79 Most Often used Lecture Format -0.69 0.99
  • 58.
  • 59.
  • 60. Table 7.2: Perceived effectiveness of engagements with respect to competencies 67 Software developers - (How) Did your college help you in your development?” Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011 Competency Most effective pedagogical engagements Technical competence Projects (84%) and Laboratory work (65%) Communication competence Discussions with other students (84%), Mentoring juniors (71%), Discussions with faculty (69%), and Discussion with others (51%) Domain competence Projects (61%), Research literature survey (51%), and Knowledge transmission oriented lectures (51%) Complex problem solving Projects (79%), Laboratory work (59%), and Thinking oriented lectures (51%) Computational thinking Projects (64%) and Thinking oriented lectures (49%) Attention to details Projects (71%) Critical and reflective thinking Projects (50%) Creativity and innovation Projects (82%) and Thinking oriented lectures (53%) Curiosity Projects (66%) and Research literature survey (62%) Decision making perspective Projects (90%), Industrial training (71%) Systems-level perspective Projects (58%) and Mentoring other students (51%) Intrinsic motivation to create/improve artifacts Projects (74% ), Research literature survey (58%), Thinking oriented lectures (54%), Discussions with students (50%), and Discussions with faculty (50%).
  • 61.
  • 62. Phenomenon of Learning: Some Important Learning Theories Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
  • 63.
  • 64.
  • 65.
  • 66.
  • 67.
  • 68.
  • 69.
  • 70.
  • 71.
  • 72.
  • 73.
  • 74.
  • 75.
  • 76.
  • 77.
  • 78.
  • 79. Perceived Benefits of Using PSP in laboratories: Students feedback Its modified format been tested for getting higher gains in Estimation Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011 Ist year (109) 2 nd yr (91) 3 rd yr (75) Programming Efficiency Enhancement 57% 59% 76% Defect Rate Reduction 37% 37% 59% Activity Record and Reflection 32% 39% 59% Estimations and Planning 25% 27% 31%
  • 80.
  • 81.
  • 82.
  • 83.
  • 84.
  • 85. Impact Analysis of a Faculty Development Workshop: What faculty think about lectures attributes?, 2005 Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011 Lecture Format attribute Fraction of faculty who rated the attribute as most important at the beginning of the workshop Fraction of faculty who rated the attribute as most important towards the end of the workshop e. problem solving 38.89% 60.38% f. creative thinking 66.67% 83.02% g. in-class-group-work 22.22% 60.38% h. create conceptual designs 31.48% 69.81%
  • 86.
  • 87.
  • 88. Theory Building Unified Framework of Pedagogic Engagements in Software Development Education Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
  • 89.
  • 90.
  • 91.
  • 92.
  • 93. Four-dimensional Taxonomy of Pedagogic Engagements in Software Development Education Reflective Engagements Integrative Engagements Active Engagements Collaborative Engagements Individual engagement problem solving activity Inclusion and integration of various ideas and diverse perspectives . Think deeply to evaluate and refine/transform their own approach and views collaborate with others to solve problems Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
  • 94.
  • 95. Four-dimensional Taxonomy of Pedagogic Engagements in Software Development Education Reflective Engagements Integrative Engagements Active Engagements Collaborative Engagements Individual engagement problem solving activity Inclusion and integration of various ideas and diverse perspectives . Think deeply to evaluate and refine/transform their own approach and views collaborate with others to solve problems Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
  • 96.
  • 97. Four-dimensional Taxonomy of Pedagogic Engagements in Software Development Education Reflective Engagements Integrative Engagements Active Engagements Collaborative Engagements Individual engagement problem solving activity Inclusion and integration of various ideas and diverse perspectives . Think deeply to evaluate and refine/transform their own approach and views collaborate with others to solve problems Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
  • 98.
  • 99. Four-dimensional Taxonomy of Pedagogic Engagements in Software Development Education Reflective Engagements Integrative Engagements Active Engagements Collaborative Engagements Individual engagement problem solving activity Inclusion and integration of various ideas and diverse perspectives . Think deeply to evaluate and refine/transform their own approach and views collaborate with others to solve problems Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
  • 100.
  • 101. Summary of Presentation Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
  • 102.
  • 103.
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  • 108. Four-dimensional Taxonomy of Pedagogic Engagements in Software Development Education Reflective Engagements Integrative Engagements Active Engagements Collaborative Engagements Individual engagement problem solving activity Inclusion and integration of various ideas and diverse perspectives . Think deeply to evaluate and refine/transform their own approach and views Collaborate with others to solve problems Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011
  • 109. Thanks Sanjay Goel, JIIT, 2011