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AB 2111
POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY
RICE WEEVIL
Sitophilus oryzae
By
W.A.G.E.WIJELATH (AG/12/FT/024)
N.H.G.T.MADUSHANI (AG/12/FT/012)
Department of Food Science and Technology
Faculty of Agriculture
University of Peradeniya
RICE WEEVIL 1
Content
• Taxonomy
• Life cycle
• Morphology
• Behaviour
• Habitat
• Signs of infestation
• Damages
• Control
RICE WEEVIL 2
Taxonomy
Kingdom : Animalia
Phylum : Arthropoda
Class : Insecta
Order : Coleoptera
Family : Curculionidae
Subfamily : Dryophthorinae
Genus : Sitophilus
Species : S. oryzae
RICE WEEVIL 3
Life Cycle
Consists of four stages
• Egg stage
• Larval stage
• Pupa stage
• Adult stage
RICE WEEVIL 4
eggs
larva
pupa
adult
RICE WEEVIL 5
Morphology
Larvae
• White to creamy white
• Legless
• Humpbacked
• Fleshy grub
• Soft
RICE WEEVIL 6
Pupa
• White
• Black, hard head
• Movable segments
Adult
• 2-3 mm in length
• Reddish brown to black in colour
• 4 light yellow or reddish spots on elytra
• Long, slender snout
RICE WEEVIL 7
• Irregularly shaped pits on thorax
• Smooth, narrow strip extending down the middle of the back
• Fully developed wings
RICE WEEVIL 8
Behaviour
• Internal feeders
• Active fliers
• Attracted to lights
• When disturbed, adults pull in their legs, fall to the ground, and
feign death
RICE WEEVIL 9
Habitat
Usually found in
• Grain storage facilities
• Food processing plants
• Food markets
RICE WEEVIL 10
They usually infest
• Stored rice
• Wheat
• Corn
• Rye
• Barley
• Sorghum
RICE WEEVIL 11
Signs of Infestation
• Heating at the surface
• Increased moisture levels
• Seeds with round holes
RICE WEEVIL 12
Damages
• Larvae develop within the seeds consuming the
endosperm
• Adults feed on whole seeds or flour
• The adult leaves a large, ragged exit hole in the kernel
• Feeding contributes to heating and infested grain is often
damp due to moisture added by the insects’ respiration
RICE WEEVIL 13
Control
• Preventing the insects from entering the storage
• Pest-proof containers
• Proper bin sanitation before introduction of new grain
• Cleaning bins regularly
• Addition of dry ice
RICE WEEVIL 14
• Fumigation
• Application of insecticide
• Use of natural repellents
• Locating and removing all potentially infected food sources
• Repackaging products in new uninfected packages
• Freezing infected food below -17.7°C (0°F) for three days
• Heating to 60°C (140°F) for 15 minutes
RICE WEEVIL 15
Reference
• Public Health Vectors and Pests (2013) Rice Weevil [online] Available from:
http://www.kznhealth.gov.za/environ/vector/riceweevil.htm [Accessed on:
05/05/2015]
• The Pennsylvania State University (2015) Weevils on Stored Grain [online]
Available from: http://ento.psu.edu/extension/factsheets/weevils-on-
stored-grain [Accessed on: 05/05/2015]
• Canadian Grain Commission (2013) Rice weevil [online] Available from:
https://www.grainscanada.gc.ca/storage-entrepose/pip-irp/rw-cr-eng.htm
[Accessed on: 05/05/2015]
RICE WEEVIL 16
Thank You
RICE WEEVIL 17

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Rice Weevil (Sitophilus oryzae)

  • 1. AB 2111 POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY RICE WEEVIL Sitophilus oryzae By W.A.G.E.WIJELATH (AG/12/FT/024) N.H.G.T.MADUSHANI (AG/12/FT/012) Department of Food Science and Technology Faculty of Agriculture University of Peradeniya RICE WEEVIL 1
  • 2. Content • Taxonomy • Life cycle • Morphology • Behaviour • Habitat • Signs of infestation • Damages • Control RICE WEEVIL 2
  • 3. Taxonomy Kingdom : Animalia Phylum : Arthropoda Class : Insecta Order : Coleoptera Family : Curculionidae Subfamily : Dryophthorinae Genus : Sitophilus Species : S. oryzae RICE WEEVIL 3
  • 4. Life Cycle Consists of four stages • Egg stage • Larval stage • Pupa stage • Adult stage RICE WEEVIL 4
  • 6. Morphology Larvae • White to creamy white • Legless • Humpbacked • Fleshy grub • Soft RICE WEEVIL 6
  • 7. Pupa • White • Black, hard head • Movable segments Adult • 2-3 mm in length • Reddish brown to black in colour • 4 light yellow or reddish spots on elytra • Long, slender snout RICE WEEVIL 7
  • 8. • Irregularly shaped pits on thorax • Smooth, narrow strip extending down the middle of the back • Fully developed wings RICE WEEVIL 8
  • 9. Behaviour • Internal feeders • Active fliers • Attracted to lights • When disturbed, adults pull in their legs, fall to the ground, and feign death RICE WEEVIL 9
  • 10. Habitat Usually found in • Grain storage facilities • Food processing plants • Food markets RICE WEEVIL 10
  • 11. They usually infest • Stored rice • Wheat • Corn • Rye • Barley • Sorghum RICE WEEVIL 11
  • 12. Signs of Infestation • Heating at the surface • Increased moisture levels • Seeds with round holes RICE WEEVIL 12
  • 13. Damages • Larvae develop within the seeds consuming the endosperm • Adults feed on whole seeds or flour • The adult leaves a large, ragged exit hole in the kernel • Feeding contributes to heating and infested grain is often damp due to moisture added by the insects’ respiration RICE WEEVIL 13
  • 14. Control • Preventing the insects from entering the storage • Pest-proof containers • Proper bin sanitation before introduction of new grain • Cleaning bins regularly • Addition of dry ice RICE WEEVIL 14
  • 15. • Fumigation • Application of insecticide • Use of natural repellents • Locating and removing all potentially infected food sources • Repackaging products in new uninfected packages • Freezing infected food below -17.7°C (0°F) for three days • Heating to 60°C (140°F) for 15 minutes RICE WEEVIL 15
  • 16. Reference • Public Health Vectors and Pests (2013) Rice Weevil [online] Available from: http://www.kznhealth.gov.za/environ/vector/riceweevil.htm [Accessed on: 05/05/2015] • The Pennsylvania State University (2015) Weevils on Stored Grain [online] Available from: http://ento.psu.edu/extension/factsheets/weevils-on- stored-grain [Accessed on: 05/05/2015] • Canadian Grain Commission (2013) Rice weevil [online] Available from: https://www.grainscanada.gc.ca/storage-entrepose/pip-irp/rw-cr-eng.htm [Accessed on: 05/05/2015] RICE WEEVIL 16