Introducing the Sun SPOTs

Introducing the Sun SPOTs Stefano Sanna Senior Developer JUG Sardegna ONLUS 1

About Me • Senior developer @ beeweeb technologies • Technical writer @ DEV, Computer Programming, Java Journal... • Supporter @ JUG Sardegna, JMDF, JIA, GULCh • LEGO constructor since 1973... 2

Java User Groups in Italy 3

Program the (Real) World • Wireless sensor networks open new exciting scenarios: > pervasive monitoring of environment and structures > massive distributed intelligence > urban smart objects • Programmable Objects for Real World > connected: the Internet of Things > autonomous: local CPU, local memory, local code > environment-aware: sensors > safe and robust 4

Sensors: New Frontier of Interaction • To be programmable and connected is not enough! • The ability to “perceive” the surroundings is the next interaction frontier for consumer and mobile devices • Gaming console, mobile phones, automotive appliances, embedded systems: any object is expected to “sense” and act according to physical quantity such as temperature, light, acceleration, position, humidity, proximity... 5

Sensors in the Java ME World • Java ME is leading technology for mobile applications, ranging from cellular phones to embedded systems • A rich set of standard API enables multimedia capabilities, 2D and 3G graphics, local and remote connectivity, location, NFC... • The Java Community Process has published the Mobile Sensor API (JSR 256) for accessing devices such as accelerometers, thermometers, light sensor 6

Introducing the Project Sun SPOTs Small Programmable Object Technology • Project from Sun Laboratories • Platform for intelligent wireless sensors network • Live-laboratory for implementing new computing scenarios: > The (Inter)net of Things > Program the world 7

Sun SPOT Presentations 8

SPOTs Hardware • Processor Board > 180 MHz 32 bit ARM920T core 512K RAM/4M Flash > 2.4 GHz IEEE 802.15.4 radio with integrated antenna > USB interface > 3.7V rechargeable 720 mAh lithium-ion battery > 32 uA deep sleep mode 9

SPOTs Hardware • Demo Sensor Board > 2G/6G 3-axis accelerometer > Temperature sensor > Light sensor > 8 tri-color LEDs > 6 analog inputs, 2 switches > 5 general purpose I/O pins > 4 high current output pins 10

SPOTs Software • Squawk Virtual Machine > Fully capable J2ME CLDC 1.1 Java VM with OS functionality > VM executes directly out of flash memory > Device drivers written in Java > Automatic battery management 11

Sun SPOT Java Development Kit 12

Free-Range and Basestation • Sun SPOT Development Kit provides: > Two free-range SPOTs, equipped with Processor Board, radio interface, Demo Sensor and battery > One basestation SPOT, with Processor Board and radio interface > SDK for Windows, Mac OS X, Linux > USB cable 13

Development • SDK comprises libraries and utilities for compiling and packaging bytecode, updating SPOTs firmware, running basestation applications • SDK is based on Ant tasks and can be integrated in any IDE, e.g. Netbeans • SPOTs support remote installation, execution and debugging of applications through wireless connection 14

Applications • Sun SPOT Applications > Run on free-range SPOTs > CLDC 1.1 and IMP 1.0 application model > Full access to peripherals and demo board • Sun SPOT Host Applications > Run on a SPOT configured as basestation > Stand-alone application model > Simultaneous access to SPOT and JSE libraries 15

Classes, Devices, Sensors, Interfaces • There are over 400 classes documented in the Sun SPOT javadoc: nearly three times the MIDP 2.0 specification! :-) • The Sun SPOT device library contains drivers and high-level classes to access physical interfaces and peripherals: > ILed > IlightSensor, IAccelerometer3D > IFlashMemoryDevice > IPowerController > IPWMOutput > IAT91_PIO, IAT91_IAC... 16

Radio Communication • Sun SPOTs come with low-range IEEE 802.15.4 radio module • Communication API is based on Generic Connection Framework and provides: > RadioConnection (radio://) from stream-based communication > RadiogramConnection (radiogram://) for datagram based communication > basestation may act as proxy for HTTP connections 17

Sun SPOTs Projects • Many projects based on Sun SPOTs have been published on the Web: just use your preferred search engine or video repository to find them! 18

Mashing-up Hardware and Software • The Sun SPOTs let developers build their custom interfaces for virtually any kind of electronic peripheral: > sensors > motors > microcontrollers > radio equipment 19

Be Careful with Solder... :-( • However, soldering and designing circuits and interfaces for physical components require some specific expertise • Wrong assembly or accidental short circuit may definitively damage your SPOTs and/or your peripherals • How can we exploit Sun SPOTs potential without setting-up a electronic lab? 20

Fun for Everyone! :-) • Thanks to the basestation, we can use the PC as gateway to any resource such as USB devices, network hosts and Bluetooth peripherals • LEGO Mindstorms NXT kit provides: > Easy and flexible > 3 outputs > 4 inputs > Bluetooth and USB interfaces > Open source iCommand Java library provides easy and powerful API for remote NXT control 21

“Real” Gesture Controller for Vehicle USB 802.15.4 radio Bluetooth 22

Overview • The Gesture Controller > Runs on a free-range SPOT > Reads tilt degrees on X and Y axes > Sends message to Vehicle Controller • The Vehicle Controller > Runs on the basestation > Receives messages from Gesture Controller > Sends commands to NXT Vehicle 23

The Gesture Controller (source.1) public class SunSpotApplication extends MIDlet { private IAccelerometer3D accelerometer = EDemoBoard.getInstance().getAccelerometer(); private ISwitch switch1; private int st=0; private RadiogramConnection conn; protected void startApp() throws MIDletStateChangeException{ switch1 = EDemoBoard.getInstance().getSwitches()[0]; runSwitchWatcher(); } 24

The Gesture Controller (source.2) protected void pauseApp() { // This will never be called by the Squawk VM } protected void destroyApp(boolean arg0) throws MIDletStateChangeException { } 25

The Gesture Controller (source.3) private void runSwitchWatcher(){ Thread t1 = new Thread(){ public void run(){ sw1.waitForChange(); if (conn == null) { try { conn = (RadiogramConnection) Connector.open(quot;radiogram://broadcast:133quot;); startAccelerometerWatcher(); } catch (Exception e) { } } } }; t1.start(); } 26

The Gesture Controller (source.4) public void startAcceWatchThreadd(){ Thread t2 = new Thread() { public void run() { while(true){ readTildAndSend(); } } }; t2.start(); } 27

The Gesture Controller (source.5) private void readTiltAndSend() { try { int tiltX = (int) Math.toDegrees(acc.getTiltX()); int tiltY = (int) Math.toDegrees(acc.getTiltY()); String data = Integer.toString(tiltX) + quot;#quot; + Integer.toString(tiltY); send(data); } catch (IOException ex) { } try { Thread.sleep(100); } catch (InterruptedException ex) { } } 28

The Gesture Controller (source.6) private synchronized void send(String data) { if (conn != null) { try{ Datagram datagram = conn.newDatagram(conn.getMaximumLength()); datagram.writeUTF(data); conn.send(datagram); } catch(IOException e){ } } } } 29

The Vehicle Controller (source.1) public class SunSpotHostApplication { private static final int FORWARD = 0; private static final int BACKWARD = 1; private static final int RIGHT = 2; private static final int LEFT = 3; private static final int STOP = 4; private int last = STOP; private static Pilot pilot; // iCommand Java NXT Library public static void main(String[] args) { SunSpotHostApplication app = new SunSpotHostApplication(); startNXT(); app.start(); } 30

The Vehicle Controller (source.2) private static void startNXT() { try { NXTCommand.open(); pilot = new Pilot(2.1f,4.4f,Motor.A, Motor.C,true); } catch(Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } 31

The Vehicle Controller (source.3) public void run() { try{ RadiogramConnection conn = (RadiogramConnection) Connector.open(quot;radiogram://:133quot;); Datagram datagram = conn.newDatagram(conn.getMaximumLength()); while(true){ datagram.reset(); conn.receive(datagram); String rawData = datagram.readUTF(); String[] tokens = rawData.split(quot;#quot;); moveVehicle(tokens[0], tokens[1]); } }catch(IOException e){ e.printStackTrace(); } } 32

The Vehicle Controller (source.4) private void moveVehicle(String accelX, String accelY) { int tiltX = (int) Double.parseDouble(accelX); int tiltY = (int) Double.parseDouble(accelY); if (tiltY > 15) { if (last != BACKWARD) { pilot.backward(); last = BACKWARD; } } else if (tiltY < -15) { if (last != FORWARD) { pilot.forward(); last = FORWARD; } } 33

The Vehicle Controller (source.5) else if (tiltX < -25) { if (last != RIGHT) { pilot.rotate(30); last = RIGHT; } } else if (tiltX > 25) { if (last != LEFT) { pilot.rotate(-30); last = LEFT; } } else { if (last != STOP) { pilot.stop(); last = STOP; } 34

DEMO (Murphy Law loading... please wait...) 35

Conclusions • Sensors are the new frontier of interaction • The Sun SPOTs are the quot;cool Java wayquot; to create a quot;live labquot; for innovative scenarios of ubiquitous and pervasive computing • Extended class library and full integration of basestation with desktop PC gives everybody the opportunity to HAVE FUN with SPOT 36

References • Sun SPOT World > http://www.sunspotworld.com • Sun SPOTs and Java robotics on java.net > https://sunspot-robotics.dev.java.net/ > http://community.java.net/robotics/ • Sun SPOT purchasing: > http://www.sunspotworld.com/products > http://store.systronix.com • LEGO Mindstorms NXT > http://mindstorms.lego.com > http://lejos.sourceforge.net 37

Contacts • Stefano Sanna > gerdavax@tiscali.it – http://www.gerdavax.it • JUG Sardegna ONLUS > http://www.jugsardegna.org • Java Mobile Developers Forum > http://www.jmdf.org 38

Introducing the Sun SPOTs Stefano Sanna Senior Developer JUG Sardegna ONLUS 39

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Introducing the Sun SPOTs

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