DESIGN PATTERNS AS GUIDANCE FOR DESIGNERS OF GROUPWARE USED BY TEAM FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF INNOVATIVE PRODUCTS Petros Georgiakakis and Symeon Retalis University of Piraeus Marlies Bitter-Rijpkema, Kees Pannekeet, Marjo Rutjens, Peter Sloep Open University of the Netherlands http://idspace-project.org / http://.cosy.ted.unipi.gr/

Petros Georgiakakis and Symeon Retalis

University of Piraeus

Marlies Bitter-Rijpkema, Kees Pannekeet,

Marjo Rutjens, Peter Sloep

Open University of the Netherlands

Why there is a need of usable groupware systems ? Collaborative work and creativity should be facilitated by usable groupware systems ( Strijbos, et al. 2004)

Is a complex task that requires the synergy of several people of different specialties and expertise Designing effective groupware systems http://www.nectar-research.net/news/?p=35

Is a complex task that requires the synergy of several people of different specialties and expertise

What we understood in the idSpace project Creation of innovative prototypes

There is a need for a common design language In general, people within a discipline often have trouble communicating their ideas and decisions to other specialists (Borchers, 2001) The effect is…

There is a need for a common design language

In general, people within a discipline often have trouble communicating their ideas and decisions to other specialists (Borchers, 2001)

Design Patterns (DPs) could play the role of a “lingua franca” thus supporting discussions among people who are specialists in various disciplines (Fincher , 1999). DPs express the accumulated & tacit design knowledge with respect to a specific problem either pedagogical or technical or organizational and propose how this problem can be solved when someone deals with it. lingua franca

Design Patterns (DPs) could play the role of a “lingua franca” thus supporting discussions among people who are specialists in various disciplines (Fincher , 1999).

DPs express the accumulated & tacit design knowledge with respect to a specific problem either pedagogical or technical or organizational and propose how this problem can be solved when someone deals with it.

We propose one DP about the Six Thinking Hats creativity technique inspired by Edward de Bono which can help the designing team to create a groupware system for supporting such mind mapping techniques. The proposed DP is a flow design pattern (FDP) An example of a DP for supporting a Creativity Technique

We propose one DP about the Six Thinking Hats creativity technique inspired by Edward de Bono which can help the designing team to create a groupware system for supporting such mind mapping techniques.

The proposed DP is a flow design pattern (FDP)

Considered as a more formal way of describing a specific creativity technique. Describes the sequencing of activities that make up a process. Helps software developers can identify the functionality of tool (e.g. concept map, chat) that will be needed in order to better support the sequence of activities Our idea is an adaptation of the Collaborative Flow Design Patterns of Hernandez et al (2005) Flow Design Paterns

Considered as a more formal way of describing a specific creativity technique.

Describes the sequencing of activities that make up a process.

Helps software developers can identify the functionality of tool (e.g. concept map, chat) that will be needed in order to better support the sequence of activities

Our idea is an adaptation of the Collaborative Flow Design Patterns of Hernandez et al (2005)

A proposed Flow Design Pattern format Description of the types of groups of learners identified and how they are related Types and structure of Groups Description of the types of information identified in the collaborative activity and how they are related Types and structure of Information Types of tasks, together with their sequence, performed by the actors involved in the activity. Types of Tasks Actors involved in the collaborative activity described by the FDP Actors Description of the proposal by the FDP for solving the problem Solution Environment type in which the FDP could be applied Context A real-world learning activity capable of being structured according to the FDP Example Learning problem to be solved by the FDP Problem Name of the FDP Name Explanation Element

The FDP of Six Thinking Hats technique Problem: How can groups make sure that all possible (practical as well as emotional) perspectives have been examined during a problem solving or a decision making process? Context: It is necessary to hear all voices and examine a problem and possible solutions from various perspectives. Solution: Six Thinking Hats

Types of Tasks: Proposed Flow of using the SIX HATS technique

Proposed flows for specific actions Initial Ideas - Blue, White, Green, Blue Choosing between alternatives - Blue, White,(Green), Yellow, Black, Red, Blue Identifying Solutions - Blue, White, Black, Green, Blue Quick Feedback - Blue, Black, Green, Blue Strategic Planning - Blue, Yellow, Black, White, Blue, Green, Blue Process Improvement - Blue, White, White (Other peoples views), Yellow, Black, Green, Red, Blue Solving Problems - Blue, White, Green, Red, Yellow, Black, Green, Blue Performance Review - Blue, Red, White, Yellow, Black, Green Red, Blue

Initial Ideas - Blue, White, Green, Blue

Choosing between alternatives - Blue, White,(Green), Yellow, Black, Red, Blue

Identifying Solutions - Blue, White, Black, Green, Blue

Quick Feedback - Blue, Black, Green, Blue

Strategic Planning - Blue, Yellow, Black, White, Blue, Green, Blue

Process Improvement - Blue, White, White (Other peoples views), Yellow, Black, Green, Red, Blue

Solving Problems - Blue, White, Green, Red, Yellow, Black, Green, Blue

Performance Review - Blue, Red, White, Yellow, Black, Green Red, Blue

Example – Known Uses DPs can pinpoint user’s requirements in order to facilitate the collaborative creativity process Six Hats has helped our product development group to generate ideas quickly, evaluate them efficiently, and implement action plans effectively." - Laura Donahue, Nestle . In pockets of R&D, we are using the Six Thinking Hats methodology to structure group processes towards achieving meeting goals in less time. By using the Six Thinking Hats, we made it! It really does work. And, we'll keep on using it and building additional expertise. Thank you for the new tools! - Kenneth Newman, R&D Continuous Improvement Philip Morris

DPs can pinpoint user’s requirements in order to facilitate the collaborative creativity process

Six Hats has helped our product development group to generate ideas quickly, evaluate them efficiently, and implement action plans effectively." - Laura Donahue, Nestle .

In pockets of R&D, we are using the Six Thinking Hats methodology to structure group processes towards achieving meeting goals in less time. By using the Six Thinking Hats, we made it! It really does work. And, we'll keep on using it and building additional expertise. Thank you for the new tools! - Kenneth Newman, R&D Continuous Improvement Philip Morris

Related patterns FORMATION OF GROUPS BUILDING OF TRUST PROFILE BRAINSTORMING FACILITATOR WELL-CHOSEN RESOURCES

FORMATION OF GROUPS

BUILDING OF TRUST

PROFILE

BRAINSTORMING

FACILITATOR

WELL-CHOSEN RESOURCES

How will the DPs help groupware systems designers? DPs will provide the designers of a groupware system the user’s requirements in order to facilitate the collaborative creativity process, i.e.: The need of collaborative concept map tool Chatting Management of various conceptual map (per hat type) Awareness Shared workspace Exporting conceptual maps in several formats (word documents, ppts etc.)

DPs will provide the designers of a groupware system the user’s requirements in order to facilitate the collaborative creativity process, i.e.:

The need of collaborative concept map tool

Chatting

Management of various conceptual map (per hat type)

Awareness

Shared workspace

Exporting conceptual maps in several formats (word documents, ppts etc.)

There are many groupware tools but in what level they can facilitate creativity?

In idSpace project the idea is: to create DPs collecting knowledge from: Groupware system designers Creativity experts Application domain specialists and Users In order to design for the FIRST time an environment – or various modules - for supporting collaboration & creativity between stakeholders

to create DPs collecting knowledge from:

Groupware system designers

Creativity experts

Application domain specialists

and Users

In order to design for the FIRST time an environment – or various modules - for supporting collaboration & creativity between stakeholders

The present work was carried out as part of the idSpace project on Tooling and Training for collaborative product innovation < http://idspace-project.org > It is funded in part by the European Commission FP7-IST-2007-1-41, project number 216799 Partners are ounl, aau, ucy, ems, link mv, uprc, uni hildesheim, morph, sas