geographyalltheway.com - IB Geography - Food and Health - Prevention or Treatment

Prevention or Treatment
Coronary Heart Disease in the UK

Basic information
Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) or cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the major causes of death in the UK
More than one in three deaths in the UK is caused by heart disease
Heart disease increases the risk of heart attacks and strokes

What causes it ?

Risk Factors
Two risk factors are having a high Body Mass Index (BMI) and Diabetes
Click the link below to see an animated graphic which shows how the world as a whole has got more unhealthy
You can click on the United Kingdom to check how it changes.
What do you notice ?
http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/special/health/weight-of-the-world-bmi/

British Heart Foundation
Charity founded in 1961 by medical professions.
The UK’s heart charity.
“Our vision is a world where people don't die prematurely from heart disease.
We'll achieve this through pioneering research, vital prevention activity and ensuring quality care and support for everyone living with heart disease.”

The importance of education...

Government initiatives through the Department of Health

Lifestyle changes (Social)
Smoking
Diet
Exercise
‘5 a day’
Stress
Family history of disease
Poverty / unemployment ?
Diabetes
High blood pressure

Childhood obesity
Obesity is the state of being seriously overweight - to a degree that affects your health.
Obesity in childhood is linked to many health complications and tends to indicate the child will be obese as an adult. It is very concerning as childhood obesity is increasing.
More than 10% of 15 year olds in the UK is obese

Are you at risk ?

What does your Wii say ?
This caused a few news stories when the Wii Fit was introduced....

Headlines
A quarter of children are overweight or obese by the age of FIVEDaily Mail, January 2011
Obese children perform poorly in exams compared to those who eat healthy foods
Daily Mail, June 2011
A third of children leaving primary school are overweight, report reveals
The Guardian, December 2010

Heart Disease
Is there a North-South divide when it comes to Chronic Heart Disease and Heart Attacks ?
Image Copyright:
SASI

Is there a connection between these two maps ?

Prevention
There is some debate about the value of drugs called statins.
These lower the cholesterol level but there is doubt about their value, despite them being suggested for everyone over the age of 50.

Probiotics...Commercial venture / advertising...Do they work ? Does your family buy these products ?

The typical cost of a heart bypass to the UK's National Health Service is £6324.

Cultural differences (Social)
Notting Hill Carnival – late August 2011
British Heart Foundation were present to publicise a resource aimed at the Afro-Carribean community, who are at higher risk of heart disease.
Download the guide from
http://www.bhf.org.uk/publications/view-publication.aspx?ps=1001640
Did that picture make your heart beat faster ?

Cultural differences (Social)
Notting Hill Carnival – late August 2011
Read the booklet and identify the characteristics of the Afro Caribbean community and their relative susceptibility to heart disease...

Environmental factors e.g. Scotland
One of highest rates in Europe in cities like Glasgow
An estimated half a million people in Scotland have CHD.
More people in Scotland die from the disease than in any other part of the UK, with 261 deaths per 100,000 men and 98 per 100,000 women in 2001.
The Scottish Government is keen to continue a downward trend in incidence over the last few years

Research...
How might this fish help ?
Find out about the appeal.

Heart Disease
© Copyright SASI Group (University of Sheffield) and Mark Newman (University of Michigan)
From Worldmapper.org

Reference map: total population

Not everyone ‘does as they’re told’...
Reluctance to treat patients who continue to smoke despite being told of risks
Refusal to operate on patients who are obese, because of increased risk of complications

Further information
http://www.bhf.org.uk/heart-health/statistics/mortality/geography.aspx
http://bit.ly/pGK8PQ - mapping UK health statistics (from Office of National Statistics)
http://www.bbc.co.uk/learningzone/clips/coronary-heart-disease/5700.html - a useful video which discusses the high incidence of heart disease in Scotland
http://www.geographyteachingtoday.org.uk/ks3-resources/resource/who-wants-to-live-forever/long-life-geography/ - a resource from the RGS-IBG which is designed for KS3 pupils, but provides links to some useful supporting materials

Final thoughts...
If you were developing a campaign to reduce the incidence of heart disease amongst young adults in your country, how would you try to get your message across as effectively as possible ?

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