Climates… the types

About weather data Thermometers Wind Vanes Rain Gauge Daily weather! Average weather patterns… Climate!

The world’s climate can be divided into 3 types using temperature and rainfall patterns They are tropical climate, temperate climate polar climate Climate types 90˚S 90˚N 60˚N 30˚N 0˚ 30˚S 60˚S polar climate temperate climate polar climate temperate climate tropical climate

The world’s climate can be divided into 3 types using temperature and rainfall patterns

They are

tropical climate,

temperate climate

polar climate

90˚S 90˚N 60˚N 30˚N 0˚ 30˚S 60˚S polar climate temperate climate polar climate temperate climate tropical climate

Located between the latitudes 30˚N and 30˚S High temperatures High annual rainfall throughout the year (as high as 2260mm) E.g. Singapore, India, Brazil Tropical Climate Temperate Climate Polar Climate Tropical Equator 30˚N 0˚ Annual rainfall = 2660 mm

Located between the latitudes 30˚N and 30˚S

High temperatures

High annual rainfall throughout the year (as high as 2260mm)

E.g. Singapore, India, Brazil

Located between the latitudes 30˚N/S and 60˚N/S Experience the four seasons Rainfall moderate compared to tropical climate E.g. England, Italy, China Tropical Climate Temperate Climate Polar Climate Temperate 60˚N 30˚N Annual rainfall = 1140 mm cool, humid winter warm, humid summer

Located between the latitudes 30˚N/S and 60˚N/S

Experience the four seasons

Rainfall moderate compared to tropical climate

E.g. England, Italy, China

Also known as tundra climate Temperatures are below 0 o C for most parts of the year Low amounts of rainfall Precipitation is in the form of snow E.g. Antarctica, Greenland, Iceland Tropical Climate Temperate Climate Polar Climate Polar North pole 90˚N 60˚ N Annual rainfall = 160 mm short, cool summer long, cold winter

Also known as tundra climate

Temperatures are below 0 o C for most parts of the year

Low amounts of rainfall

Precipitation is in the form of snow

E.g. Antarctica, Greenland, Iceland

Temperature Rainfall 250 200 150

Reading a climograph Equator 30˚N 0˚ Annual rainfall = 2660 mm Temperature Rainfall Temperature is between 24 o C – 30 o C 250 200 160

Temperate 60˚N 30˚N Annual rainfall = 1140 mm Cool winter Warm summer Temperature: 5 o C – 30 o C Spring Summer Autumn Winter This is in the Northern Hemisphere!

In the Southern Hemisphere, the cold temperatures are between June to August!

Polar Annual rainfall = 160 mm Long, cold winter Short, cool summer Temperature: -30 o C – 5 o C This is in the Northern Hemisphere!

Make a guess…

Make a guess

Climate, Weather and PEOPLE

How does climate and weather affect people? Look at the sentences in the paper given to you. Group those sentences together! If they are sentences that tell you how weather affects people, put them in group A If they are sentences that tell you how climate affects people, put them in group B.

Look at the sentences in the paper given to you.

Group those sentences together!

If they are sentences that tell you how weather affects people, put them in group A

If they are sentences that tell you how climate affects people, put them in group B.

Climate, Weather and People I live in an igloo, because the temperatures here are cold! There has been very little rain, and little water in the river. My crops are all dying. What am I going to do? The wind helps us turn the windmills, giving us wind power! Oh! I am going to Thailand in December. It’s warm there, unlike New York! It rains here often. So our houses are higher up, to prevent water from coming in. It’s so windy out there. Let’s go kite-flying! Thank goodness it’s not raining. Otherwise, I’ll have to cancel my barbeque. The typhoon destroyed the lives of many people.

Weather I live in an igloo, because the temperatures here are cold! There has been very little rain, and little water in the river. My crops are all dying. What am I going to do? The wind helps us turn the windmills, giving us wind power! Oh! I am going to Thailand in December. It’s warm there, unlike New York! It rains here often. So our houses are higher up, to prevent water from coming in. It’s so windy out there. Let’s go kite-flying! Thank goodness it’s not raining. Otherwise, I’ll have to cancel my barbeque. The typhoon destroyed the lives of many people. Climate

Climate, Weather and People Weather and climate affect people in many ways. Daily Activities Housing Travel / Tourism Electricity Food and Water Supplies Loss of lives and property

Weather and climate affect people in many ways.

Housing Climate affects the type of housing that we have

Climate affects the type of housing that we have

Designing a house in the desert… “ The design of the windows should maximize solar gain in the winter and minimize such gain in the summer. Window design also should minimize the penetration of hot air into the building during the hot hours of the summer and of cold air during the winter, while allowing massive ventilation on cool summer nights. The building's significant thermal capacity should contribute to stabilizing the large daily temperature fluctuations typical of the desert, and also should increase the building's thermal lag time.”

“ The design of the windows should maximize solar gain in the winter and minimize such gain in the summer. Window design also should minimize the penetration of hot air into the building during the hot hours of the summer and of cold air during the winter, while allowing massive ventilation on cool summer nights. The building's significant thermal capacity should contribute to stabilizing the large daily temperature fluctuations typical of the desert, and also should increase the building's thermal lag time.”

Electricity Energy from the wind can be used to generate electricity! The wind turns the vanes (blades) of the modern windmill and this operates a turbine that produces electricity A clean and cheap way to have electricity! Used widely in Canada!

Energy from the wind can be used to generate electricity!

The wind turns the vanes (blades) of the modern windmill and this operates a turbine that produces electricity

A clean and cheap way to have electricity!

Used widely in Canada!

Wind Turbine Generator vanes

Food and Water supplies In different places, different crops are grown, because of the climate. Strawberries and Cherries for example! Weather affects these too! Drought (Long period of no rain) Flood (Prolonged rain)

In different places, different crops are grown, because of the climate.

Strawberries and Cherries for example!

Weather affects these too!

Drought (Long period of no rain)

Flood (Prolonged rain)

Loss of lives and properties Extreme weather conditions can destroy many lives and properties. Heatwave Hurricane/ typhoon After Hurricane Ivan

Extreme weather conditions can destroy many lives and properties.

Heatwave

Hurricane/ typhoon