API Over HTTP

presentation http business logicproblem 1:presentation depends on the interactionflow, and mobile flows are reallydifferent

presentation http business logic presentation httpproblem 2:conversation state shared between clientand server. conversation state onserver leads to “session abuse”

n io presentation t http a s e business logic r t e a v t presentation n s http c oproblem 2:conversation state shared between clientand server. conversation state onserver leads to “session abuse”

n io presentation t http aap s e pl business logic ic r t e a st at v t presentation at io n s http e n c oproblem 2: conversation state shared between client and server. conversation state on server leads to “session abuse”

n io presentation t http aap s e pl business r t presentation http business logic presentation http e a logic ic st at v t presentation at io n s http e n c oproblem 2: (sessions) could make horizontal scalability harder than it should be

n io presentation t http aap s e pl business logic ic r t e a st at v t presentation at io n s http e n c oproblem 2: (sessions) it’s very hard to migrate conversations from agents (mobile <-> desktop)

logic business business business logic logic usage usage presentation presentation problem 3: http httpbusiness logic usage is duplicated

business logic problem 3: business business logic logic (duplication) usage usage presentation presentation http httpworst when there’s an anemic domain model

presentation presentation http business logic presentation presentation httpproblem 4: rich clientmore duplication (different languages),more difficult to separateresponsibilities (where is what?)

presentation business http usage logic business logic presentation business http usage logicproblem 5: (testability)difficult to reach a particular point inthe conversation. presentation changesoften (smell: divergent change)

presentation business logic http presentationadopted solution

SmartphoneClient.prototype.next = function() { var self = this this.seq( this.purchase, this.transferIn, this.optIn, this.waitForCompletion ).exit(function(exit) { exit.callHandler(self.callbacks) })} var client = new SmartphoneClient(server, { onError: function(error) { app.pages.notify.error(error) }, onRoute: function(route) { app.goTo(route) }, onUrl: function(url) { location.href = url } })

presentationbusiness logic http presentation clear separationfrom application and conversation state

presentation business logic http presentation stateless: easy to scalehorizontally, conversations can be migrated/resumed

$app->post("/purchase/:id/transfer-in/opt-in/pin", function($purchaseId) use($app) { ContentDelivery::on($app) ->process(function($request, $response) use($purchaseId, $app) { $purchase = Purchase::fromRequest($request, $purchaseId); $transferIn = $purchase->boundedTransferIn("pin-flow"); $transferIn->checkPin($request->params("pin")); $response->status(200); }) ->rescue(OnebipCoreNotSupportedActionInState, 409) ->rescue(OnebipPurchasePurchaseNotFound, 404) ->rescue(OnebipPurchaseTransferInNotFound, 404) ->rescue(OnebipPurchaseSpendingLimitReached, 403) ->rescue(OnebipPurchaseCheckPinFailed, 400) ->rescue(HttpUnauthenticatedRequest, 401) ->deliver(); }); look, no session, and the controller code is really small

presentation business logic http presentationclear application interface

$app->map("/purchases", ...$app->get("/purchase/:id", ...$app->post("/purchase/:id/login", ...$app->get("/purchase/:id/buyer", ...$app->post("/purchase/:id/transfers-in", ...$app->get("/purchase/:id/transfer-in", ...$app->put("/purchase/:id/transfer-in", ...$app->post("/purchase/:id/transfer-in/opt-in/pin", ...$app->put("/purchase/:id/transfer-in/mo", ... clear application interface

presentationbusiness logic http presentation testable

public function testShouldLoginWithARegisteredMsisdn(){ $self = $this; $msisdn = Baker::bake("Msisdn", "registered"); $purchase = Baker::bake("Purchase", "from Country", $msisdn->country()); $insertByUser = $msisdn->withoutNationalPrefixAsString(); $this->request("POST", "/purchase/{$purchase->id()}/login") ->withBody(array("msisdn" => $insertByUser)) ->run(function($response) use ($self) { $self->assertEquals(201, $response->status()); });} testable

business logic http presentation what about presentationold phones?

businessnow logic http presentation http presentation presentation

namespace HttpFeaturePhone{ class Client { public function next() { try { $this->purchase(); $this->transferIn(); $this->optIn(); $this->waitForCompletion(); } catch (ClientExit $exit) { $exit->callHandler($this->callbacks); } catch (Exception $e) { $exit = new ClientExit("error", $e->getMessage()); $exit->callHandler($this->callbacks); } } ... }} $client = new HttpFeaturePhoneClient($server, array( "onError" => function($error) use ($app) { $app->flash($error); $app->redirectTo($app->urlFor("error-ui")); }, "onRoute" => function($route) use ($app) { $app->renderOrRedirectTo($route); }, "onUrl" => function($url) use ($app) { $app->redirectTo($url); } ));

presentation http business logic http presentation presentationtomorrow...

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API Over HTTP

by Gabriele Lana

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