Anthro 101:Human Biological Evolution lecture on Primate Ecology. Rebecca Frank, LAVC F2010

1. Anthro 101: Human Biological Evolution Lecture 10: Primate Ecology Office Drop-in Hours AHS 308 Tutoring Lab Hours AHS 232 T 5:30 - 6:30 M & T 1 - 4 Th 11:15 - 12:15, 1:15 - 3:15 Student ID required F 12 - 1:30 by appointment

8. Large cats prey on primates lion leopard jaguar cheetah tiger

9. Large primates can defend themselves against big cats, but many small ones can’t

10. Raptors prey on primates Martial eagle Harpy eagle Hawk eagle

11. Crocodiles can take primates

12. A variety of snakes prey on primates python

13. Primates prey on other primates Chimps hunt red colobus monkeys Baboons prey on vervets

14. Humans and domestic dogs kill primates Hunter with gorilla head Dog with langur infant

15. Predation is rarely observed, but can sometimes be inferred leopard paw print drag marks baboon jaw & hair

18. Detection : In larger groups, there are more eyes to watch out for predators

21. Two or more species may associate to reduce predator risk: Interspecific Associations - 3D’s Ground predators Eagles Diana monkey Red colobus

26. Monogamous (territorial pairs + offspring) Titi monkeys Gibbons

27. One-male, Multi-female groups (polygyny) Mountain gorillas Black and white colobus

28. One-female, two-male groups (Polyandry) Pygmy marmoset marmoset Callitrichids

29. Multi-male, multi-female groups Ring-tailed lemurs Savanna baboons

30. Communities (fission-fusion social organization) Spider monkeys Chimpanzees

32. Food, competition, and social behavior are thought to be linked Dominance Relationships Competitive Regime Distribution of food Value of Alliances Female Relationships Dispersal Patterns

36. Food, competition, and social behavior are thought to be linked Dominance Hierarchy Contest Competition Distribution of food Value of Alliances Female Relationships Dispersal Patterns

40. Food, competition, and social behavior are thought to be linked Dominance Hierarchy Contest Competition Distribution of food Alliances Valuable Close Bonds Female Philopatry Eg: baboons & capuchins

41. If dominance does not affect access to resources, then… Unstable hierarchy Scramble Distribution of food Eg: gorillas & langur monkeys Weak bonds Male/female dispersal No alliances