Incorporating argovoc in d space based agricultural repositories

Incorporating ARGOVOC in DSpace-based Agricultural Repositories Dr. Devika P. Madalli & Nabonita Guha Documentation Research & Training Centre Indian Statistical Institute, Bangalore

Overview
Some Observation on present ontology plugin
AGROVOC Thesaurus Plugin for DSpace
AGROVOC in SKOS
Difference between Thesaurus and Ontology
Moving towards Ontology

Some Observations
Present ontology plugin integrated with DSpace 1.4 doesn’t support synonyms and related terms
It shows only broader and narrower relationship
It requires the conversion of OWL or SKOS representation of AGROVOC into the native plugin format every time AGROVOC is updated
Ideally, thesaurus input can be either in SKOS or OWL format (can be achieved by XLST)
Cron job checks updates on AGROVOC site and downloads either SKOS or OWL file
Alternatively, ontology should be displayed on the fly from the AGROVOC site (idea from Dr. Johannes Keizer)

AGROVOC Thesaurus Plug-in
To provide controlled vocabulary support in subject description in DSpace and depict:
Equivalence
Homographs
Broader/narrower/associated relationship
To …
Provide standard access points to document; &
Thesaurus based Indexing & Searching

Handling Synonyms
At the time of creating the metadata
The synonymous terms are added along with the standard term
At the time of search
If the user enters a non-standard term, it will be replaced by standard term, and search is performed using the standard term

Homograph resolution (spelling same but different meaning)
Can be resolved using context of the given term
At the search stage, the system will retrieve the subject string attached to the document along with the associated documents
Fish – agriculture
Fish – cooking
Fish – decoration
Handling Homographs

AGROVOC in SKOS

SKOS
SKOS = Simple Knowledge Organization System
Provides a model for expressing the basic structure and content of concept schemes [ 1 ] in RDF syntax
Concept Scheme = thesaurus, classification scheme, taxonomy, subject heading list, terminologies, etc

SKOS: Classes
Classes [2]
ConceptScheme (AGROVOC, MeSH, AAT, etc)
Concept (actual terms, e.g. animals, crops, etc)
Collection (group of concepts e.g. meat cattle)

SKOS: Properties
Properties [2]
altLabel
broader
changeNote
narrower
prefLabel
scopeNote
hasTopConcept
historyNote
isPrimarySubjectOf
isSubjectOf
member
definition
note
primarySubject
related
subject
example
subjectIndicator

Thesaurus Vs Ontology

Thesaurus is …
Controlled vocabulary tools in which relationship between concept terms are shown as:
Equivalence = synonyms
Homographic = same spelling
Hierarchical = broader -> narrower
Associative relationships = related terms
Represents the terms denoting certain concepts

Ontology is …
An ontology defines the terms used to describe and represent an area of knowledge (subject matter) [3]
Model for the meaning of those terms
Definition of the vocabulary used

(Real world entity) Cattle Suckler Cow Dairy Cow Heifers Cow Milk Milk yielding cows COW BT NT NT RT RT RT Related Terms in AGROVOC for Cow

SKOS representation of AGROVOC Terms 1939 http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_1939 Cows skos:prefLabel Domestic Animal Milk yielding cows skos:Related Heifers skos:Related Cow milk skos:Related Cattle skos:Broader Suckler Cow skos:Narrower Dairy Cow skos:Narrower

Current Approach
To develop a plugin which can provide thesaural support in DSpace
Not only specific to AGROVOC, but can support any thesaurus in DSpace represented in SKOS

Moving Towards Ontology
Decision regarding the nature of Information Retrieval
Document retrieval ; or
Retrieval of exact information extracted from the document
To develop a generic framework for Agriculture domain knowledge with scopes for further extension for narrower domains
To incorporate the inferencing mechanism defining certain rules (SWRL)

Uncontrolled Vocabulary Unstructured Controlled Vocabulary in formal syntax (RDF) Structured Ontology-based information search & retrieval Semantic

References
Alistair Miles & Dan Brickley . SKOS Core Guide. W3C Working draft 10 May 2005. http://www.w3.org/TR/swbp-skos-core-guide
Alistair Miles & Dan Brickley . SKOS Core Vocabulary Specification. W3C Working Draft 2 November 2005. http://www.w3.org/TR/swbp-skos-core-spec/
Dr. Leo Obrst . Presentation on the ontology spectrum & semantic models. MITRE, Information Semantics Group, January 12 & 19, 2006. http://ontolog.cim3.net/file/resource/presentation/LeoObrst_20060112/OntologySpectrumSemanticModels--LeoObrst_20060112.ppt

Thank You
Devika P. Madalli
[email_address]
Nabonita Guha
[email_address]

Incorporating argovoc in d space based agricultural repositories

by AIMS (Agricultural Information Management Standards) FAO of the UN

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