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symfony: An Open-Source Framework for Professionals (PHP Day 2008)

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    symfony: An Open-Source Framework for Professionals (PHP Day 2008) - Presentation Transcript

    1. symfony An Open-Source Framework for Professionals Fabien Potencier www.sensiolabs.com
    2. Before we begin How many have already used symfony for a project, even a very small personal project? www.sensiolabs.com
    3. Before we begin Do you want to do the exercices on your laptop? www.sensiolabs.com
    4. Sensio • Sensio Sensio Web Agency – Web Agency Internet Webmarketing – Founded in 1998 Technologies – 45 people dedicated to Web dev. • Open-Source Specialists symfony framework creator • Big corporate customers www.sensiolabs.com
    5. symfony • PHP Web framework • Based on – 10 years of Sensio experience – Existing Open-Source projects • Built for : – Professional websites – Complex needs – Demanding environments www.sensiolabs.com
    6. Framework www.sensiolabs.com
    7. Whatever the application, a framework is build to ease development by providing tools for recurrent and boring tasks. www.sensiolabs.com
    8. Maintainability & Evolutivity www.sensiolabs.com
    9. Structure & Standardisation www.sensiolabs.com
    10. MVC www.sensiolabs.com
    11. Model www.sensiolabs.com
    12. View www.sensiolabs.com
    13. Controller www.sensiolabs.com
    14. 1 Internet 2 Controleur 6 3 5 Modèle Vue 4 BDD www.sensiolabs.com
    15. Develop Faster & Better www.sensiolabs.com
    16. Write less code less code  less complexity  less bugs  more productivity  more time More time for edge cases, business rules, … www.sensiolabs.com
    17. Each line of code has an initial cost Costinitial = Costdeveloppement + Costtests … and there is a cost to maintain the line Costmaintenance >> Costinitial Costmaintenance = Costunderstanding + Costchange + Costtests + Costdeployment Kent Beck (based on Yourdon and Constantine) www.sensiolabs.com
    18. symfony www.sensiolabs.com
    19. An Open-Source Framework www.sensiolabs.com
    20. MIT Licence « It is a permissive license, meaning that it permits reuse within proprietary software on the condition that the license is distributed with that software. » www.sensiolabs.com
    21. An Open-Source Documentation www.sensiolabs.com
    22. •  Open-Source documentation –  The book (450 pages - GFDL) –  Askeet Tutorial (250 pages) •  Translation in 12 langages –  (Chinese) – Polski –  Deutsch – Português –  Español – Russian –  Français – Ukrainian –  Italiano –  Čeština –  (Japanese) – Nederlands www.sensiolabs.com
    23. www.sensiolabs.com
    24. A great Community www.sensiolabs.com
    25. Mailing-list support / forums / IRC 240 available plugins 300k unique visitors per month on the official website www.symfony-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
    26. « Entreprise » Version www.sensiolabs.com
    27. Version 1.0 released early 2007 Maintained for 3 ans (early 2010) ~1 release a month (1.0.16 now) Bugs and security fixes, compatibility with upcoming PHP versions No new features Upgrading is simple and safe www.sensiolabs.com
    28. Let’s start a Project www.sensiolabs.com
    29. The Project • A simple blog system – Posts – Categories – Authors – Comments • Requirements – Maintainable – Customizable – Secure • Use symfony 1.1 www.sensiolabs.com
    30. List of recent posts Excerpt Categories Post information www.sensiolabs.com
    31. Sidebar customization List of comments www.sensiolabs.com Add a comment
    32. YUI stylesheets homepage Famfamfam icons post http://www.symfony-project.org/get/design.tgz www.sensiolabs.com
    33. Project Initialization www.sensiolabs.com
    34. Bootstrap a symfony Project 1.  Install symfony 2.  Initialize a new project 3.  Configure the Web Server 4.  Start coding www.sensiolabs.com
    35. Installing symfony Sandbox: Ready-to-run symfony application PEAR: Install symfony globally on your machine Subversion: Be free to have several versions around www.sensiolabs.com
    36. symfony CLI $ symfony www.sensiolabs.com
    37. Create a new Project $ mkdir blog $ cd blog $ symfony generate:project blog www.sensiolabs.com
    38. Create a new Application ./symfony help generate:app www.sensiolabs.com
    39. Create a new secure Application ./symfony generate:app frontend --escaping-strategy=on --csrf-secret=A$ecret www.sensiolabs.com
    40. Project, Application, Module, Action www.sensiolabs.com
    41. Which symfony Version? ./symfony -V config/ProjectConfiguration.class.php www.sensiolabs.com
    42. Configure the Web Server <VirtualHost *:80> ServerName myapp.example.com DocumentRoot "/path/to/blog/web" DirectoryIndex index.php <Directory "/path/to/blog/web"> AllowOverride All Allow from All Web root directory is web/ </Directory> </VirtualHost> www.sensiolabs.com
    43. symfony Assets Used by the default pages and the Web Debug Toolbar Configure the Web Server to serve symfony assets <VirtualHost *:80> … Alias /sf /$sf_symfony_data_dir/web/sf <Directory "/$sf_symfony_data_dir/web/sf"> AllowOverride All Allow from All </Directory> </VirtualHost> Or, create a symlink $ cd web/ $ ln -sf ../lib/vendor/symfony/data/web/sf sf www.sensiolabs.com
    44. Environments www.sensiolabs.com
    45. developers customers end users development staging production environment environment environment www.sensiolabs.com
    46. cache cache cache debug debug debug logs logs logs stats stats stats development staging production environment environment environment www.sensiolabs.com
    47. Try a 404 dev environment prod environment www.sensiolabs.com
    48. Front Controllers dev environment environment prod environment environment www.sensiolabs.com
    49. Environment Configuration apps/frontend/config/settings.yml environment Web debug toolbar www.sensiolabs.com
    50. Web Debug Toolbar Web debug toolbar www.sensiolabs.com
    51. Create a Module for Posts Create a new ‘post’ module in the ‘frontend’ application $ php symfony generate:module frontend post www.sensiolabs.com
    52. Project, Application, Module, Action www.sensiolabs.com
    53. Action and Template Naming /frontend_dev.php/blog/index module action // in apps/frontend/modules/blog/actions/actions.class.php <?php class blogActions extends sfActions { public function executeIndex() { // do things } } // in apps/frontend/modules/blog/templates/indexSuccess.php <!–- do things --> www.sensiolabs.com
    54. Browse /frontend_dev.php/post/index www.sensiolabs.com
    55. Create the Blog Homepage apps/frontend/modules/post/templates/indexSuccess.php • Copy homepage.html into indexSuccess.php • Copy the images/ and css/ under web/ • Add the base.css CSS in view.yml • Fix images and css paths /frontend_dev.php/post/index www.sensiolabs.com
    56. Create an Action to show a Post apps/frontend/modules/post/actions/actions.class.php • Create an empy executeShow() action • Copy post.html into showSuccess.php • Fix images and css paths /frontend_dev.php/post/show www.sensiolabs.com
    57. Project, Application, Module, Action www.sensiolabs.com
    58. Extract common Code Post page specific content Homepage specific content www.sensiolabs.com
    59. The Layout A layout wraps the template content header.php page content include decoration page content include footer.php layout.php www.sensiolabs.com
    60. The Layout Move the common code from homepage and post to the layout apps/frontend/templates/layout.php www.sensiolabs.com
    61. Customize the Sidebar and the Title The title depends on the page The sidebar depends on the page www.sensiolabs.com
    62. Layout with Several "holes" A slot content depends on the template context Slot1 Main content Slot 2 Main + = content Slot 1 Slot 2 Layout Template Rendered with slots Page www.sensiolabs.com
    63. Create Slots for Title and Sidebar apps/frontend/templates/layout.php www.sensiolabs.com
    64. Fill the Slots apps/frontend/modules/blog/templates/showSuccess.php www.sensiolabs.com
    65. Passing Data from Action to Template apps/frontend/modules/blog/actions/actions.class.php apps/frontend/modules/blog/templates/indexSuccess.php www.sensiolabs.com
    66. Make the Counter dynamic www.sensiolabs.com
    67. Database Schema A post has an author A post can be in a category A post can have comments www.sensiolabs.com
    68. Propel : The symfony ORM ORM = Object-Relational Mapping Mapping a relational database to an object-oriented model Database Abstraction Relational Object-Oriented table class row, record object field, column proterty www.sensiolabs.com
    69. Schema Conventions post: id: # primary key, autoincrement integer author_id: # foreign key to Author created_at: # timestamp, set to current time on creation updated_at: # timestamp, set to current time on update # column types published_at: timestamp title: varchar(255) content: longvarchar is_spam: boolean # complex column definitions last_name: { type: varchar(100), index: true, required: true } category_id: { type: integer, foreignTable: category, foreignReference: id, required: false, onDelete: setnull } www.sensiolabs.com
    70. Database Schema config/schema.yml www.sensiolabs.com
    71. Build the Model Classes ./symfony propel:build-model www.sensiolabs.com
    72. From Schema to Object Model $ ./symfony propel:build-model propel: lib/ post: model/ id: ~ om/ name: varchar(255) BasePost.php BasePostPeer.php Post.php PostPeer.php 1 table > 4 classes? www.sensiolabs.com
    73. Base and Custom Classes lib/ Base classes model/ om/ Under model/om/, prefixed by Base BasePost.php BasePostPeer.php Generated by Propel Post.php Overwritten each time the schema PostPeer.php changes and the model is generated Never edit these files! lib/ Custom classes model/ om/ Under model/, no prefix BasePost.php BasePostPeer.php Inherit from Base classes Post.php Never overwritten PostPeer.php Put custom methods here www.sensiolabs.com Override base methods here
    74. Peer and Object Classes lib/ Peer classes model/ om/ Suffixed by Peer BasePost.php Useful to retrieve a collection of objects BasePostPeer.php Post.php Methods return objects PostPeer.php Only static methods (::, self) lib/ Object classes model/ No suffix om/ BasePost.php Useful to create / inspect / update BasePostPeer.php records Post.php Methods return column values PostPeer.php Only object methods (->, $this) www.sensiolabs.com
    75. Database Initialization mysqladmin create phpday ./symfony configure:database mysql://localhost/phpday www.sensiolabs.com
    76. Build the SQL queries ./symfony propel:build-sql ./symfony propel:insert-sql www.sensiolabs.com
    77. Shortcut for all the previous Tasks ./symfony propel:build-all www.sensiolabs.com
    78. Initial Data data/fixtures/01-data.yml Define PKs with names Use names instead of Pks Dynamic values www.sensiolabs.com
    79. Load Data $ ./symfony propel:data-load frontend www.sensiolabs.com
    80. Summary of Code Generation 2 Object model propel:build-model Base, Custom, Peer and object classes 1 schema.yml 3 propel:build-sql propel:insert-sql Relational database Tables, columns, keys, indexes www.sensiolabs.com
    81. If the Database preexists the Project 3 Object model propel:build-model Base, Custom, Peer and object classes 2 schema.yml 1 propel:build-schema Relational database Tables, columns, keys, indexes www.sensiolabs.com
    82. Generated Methods of Object Classes Getter for columns CamelCase version $title = $post->getTitle(); $content = $post->getContent(); of the column name $createdAt = $post->getCreatedAt(); Some getters have special options $date = $post->getCreatedAt($dateFormat); Getter by name $title = $post->getByName('title'); www.sensiolabs.com
    83. Generated Methods of Object Classes Manipulate primary keys $commentId = $comment->getId(); // for composite keys, prefer $commentId = $comment->getPrimaryKey(); Manipulate foreign keys $postId = $comment->getPostId(); // in practice, these methods are not used much // use getter for foreign objects instead $post = $comment->getPost(); // Post object // as the result is an object, you can chain method calls $content = $comment->getPost()->getContent(); One-to-Many smart getters $comments = $post->getCommments(); // Array of Comments $nb = $post->countCommments(); // Integer www.sensiolabs.com
    84. Get the Posts from the Database www.sensiolabs.com
    85. What the Model Layer does Action Model Database PostPeer::doSelect(new Criteria()) Criteria to SQL translation SELECT * FROM post Query execution resultset Object hydrating Array of Post objects www.sensiolabs.com
    86. What the Model Layer does Template Model Database $post->getTitle() Looking up internal attribute String www.sensiolabs.com
    87. Make the Post show Page dynamic /frontend_dev.php/post/show?id=1 www.sensiolabs.com
    88. Make the Post show Page dynamic Display a 404 error if the post does not exist www.sensiolabs.com
    89. Change the Date Format getPublishedAt() first argument accepts the date() format or the strftime() format symfony format_date() helper is i18n aware www.sensiolabs.com
    90. Helper Groups •  Tag •  URLs •  Assets (images, JavaScript, CSS, …) •  Subtemplate inclusion (slot, partial, component) •  Links •  Form •  Javascript and Ajax •  Text, number, date manipulation •  I18N •  … www.sensiolabs.com
    91. Permalinks • Many applications provide an alternative to functional URLs • Permalinks look like links to permanent content while the resource they reference is dynamically generated • Primarily focused at search engines, permalink often carry more readable data for end users http://www.symfony-project.org/blog/2008/05/21/new-symfony-security-policy www.sensiolabs.com
    92. Links to the Post Page apps/frontend/config/routing.yml lib/model/Post.php www.sensiolabs.com
    93. Links to the Post Page apps/frontend/modules/post/templates/indexSuccess.php apps/frontend/modules/post/actions/actions.class.php www.sensiolabs.com
    94. Link to the Homepage www.sensiolabs.com
    95. Add the Comments apps/frontend/modules/post/templates/showSuccess.php www.sensiolabs.com
    96. What the Model Layer does Template Model Database $post->getComments() SELECT * FROM comment WHERE comment.post_id= ? Query execution resultset Array of Comment objects Object hydrating www.sensiolabs.com
    97. Comment Form $ ./symfony propel:build-forms www.sensiolabs.com
    98. Base and Custom Classes lib/ Base classes form/ Under form/base/, prefixed by Base base/ BasePostForm.class.php Generated by symfony PostForm.class.php Overwritten when the schema changes and the forms are generated Never edit these files! lib/ Custom classes form/ base/ Under form/, no prefix BasePost.Form.class.php Inherit from Base classes PostForm.class.php Never overwritten Put custom methods here www.sensiolabs.com Override base methods here
    99. Create a Comment Form apps/frontend/modules/post/actions/actions.class.php apps/frontend/modules/post/templates/showSuccess.php www.sensiolabs.com
    100. Create a Comment Form www.sensiolabs.com
    101. Propel Forms • Generated by propel:build-forms • 1 table = 1 form • Model introspection to determine – The widget – The validation rules • Automatically converts a form to a Propel object and save it to the database • Extensible www.sensiolabs.com
    102. Bind The Form to the Post www.sensiolabs.com
    103. Customize the Form lib/form/CommentForm.class.php www.sensiolabs.com
    104. Form Life Cycle www.sensiolabs.com
    105. Comments www.sensiolabs.com
    106. Security: XSS www.sensiolabs.com
    107. Security: CSRF www.sensiolabs.com
    108. Create the Category Page lib/model/PostPeer.class.php apps/frontend/modules/blog/actions/actions.class.php www.sensiolabs.com
    109. Create the Category Page apps/frontend/config/routing.yml apps/frontend/templates/layout.php www.sensiolabs.com
    110. Create a Partial for the List apps/frontend/modules/blog/templates/_list.php apps/frontend/modules/blog/templates/listByCategorySuccess.php www.sensiolabs.com
    111. Create a Component apps/frontend/modules/post/actions/components.class.php apps/frontend/modules/post/templates/_categories.php apps/frontend/templates/layout.php www.sensiolabs.com
    112. Create a Web Service for Posts apps/frontend/config/routing.yml apps/frontend/modules/post/templates/indexSuccess.xml.php www.sensiolabs.com
    113. If we have time… • Functional Tests • Cache • CRUD to manage posts www.sensiolabs.com
    114. Sensio S.A. 26, rue Salomon de Rothschild 92 286 Suresnes Cedex FRANCE Tél. : +33 1 40 99 80 80 Fax : +33 1 40 99 83 34 Contact Fabien Potencier fabien.potencier@sensio.com http://www.sensiolabs.com/ http://www.symfony-project.com/ www.sensiolabs.com

    + Fabien PotencierFabien Potencier, 2 months ago

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