Caching on the Edge with Symfony2

Caching on the Edge Fabien Potencier

Let’s run some benchmarks ;)

cacheable for 10 seconds Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. In vel nulla arcu, vitae cursus nunc. Integer semper turpis et enim por6tor iaculis. Nulla facilisi. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Mauris vehicula ves;bulum dictum. Aenean non velit tortor. Nullam adipiscing malesuada aliquam. Mauris dignissim, urna quis iaculis tempus, justo libero por6tor est, nec eleifend est elit vitae ante. Curabitur interdum luctus metus, in pulvinar lectus rutrum sit amet. Duis gravida, metus in dictum eleifend, dolor risus ;ncidunt ligula, non volutpat nulla sapien in elit. Nulla rutrum erat id neque suscipit eu ultricies odio sollicitudin. Aliquam a mi vel eros placerat hendrerit. Phasellus por6tor, augue sit amet vulputate venena;s, dui leo commodo odio, a euismod turpis ligula in elit. Sed cursus tortor quis dolor aliquet accumsan. Curabitur convallis egestas erat, et pharetra neque faucibus vitae. Integer at urna leo. Suspendisse poten;. Nulla hendrerit nisl sit amet lorem semper comes from DB nec porta mauris volutpat. Curabitur a velit erat, a viverra sem. Duis a eros nec diam faucibus vehicula a sed orci. Vivamus vehicula dapibus tellus in (simulated) luctus. Curabitur luctus, lorem ac pre;um pharetra, nisl risus condimentum mi, sit amet placerat orci ante et velit. Vivamus dapibus nulla tempor metus tris;que vel gravida purus pre;um. Curabitur suscipit bibendum massa, at imperdiet purus interdum sit amet. Donec ;ncidunt porta dictum.

requests / second 600 500 400 300 symfony Symfony2 200 100 0 10 30 50 70 90

For 10 concurrent users, Symfony2 is 5 times faster than symfony

requests / second 600 500 400 300 symfony Symfony2 200 100 0 10 30 50 70 90 number of concurrent users

What if I add an HTTP accelerator?

Symfony2 embraces the HTTP speciﬁcation

HTTP Expiration / HTTP Validation

$response->setSharedMaxAge(...); $response->setTtl(...); $response->setMaxAge(...); $response->setClientTtl(...); $response->setExpires(...); $response->setETag(...); $response->setLastModified(...);

Cache-Control: s-maxage=10

public function showAction() { // ... $response = $this->render('...', $vars); $response->setSharedMaxAge(10); return $response; }

public function showAction() { // ... $response = $this->createResponse(); $response->setSharedMaxAge(10); return $this->render( '...', $vars, $response); }

Symfony 2 comes built-in with an HTTP accelerator

$kernel = new HelloCache( new HelloKernel('prod', false) ); $kernel->handle()->send();

Let’s run some benchmarks… again

cacheable for 10 seconds cacheable for 5 seconds Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur Lorem ipsum dolor sit adipiscing elit. In vel nulla arcu, vitae amet, consectetur cursus nunc. Integer semper turpis et enim adipiscing elit. In vel nulla por6tor iaculis. Nulla facilisi. Lorem ipsum arcu, vitae cursus nunc. dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Integer semper turpis et Mauris vehicula ves;bulum dictum. enim por6tor iaculis. Aenean non velit tortor. Nullam adipiscing Nulla facilisi. Lorem ipsum malesuada aliquam. Mauris dignissim, urna dolor sit amet, quis iaculis tempus, justo libero por6tor consectetur adipiscing elit. est, nec eleifend est elit vitae ante. Mauris vehicula Curabitur interdum luctus metus, in ves;bulum dictum. pulvinar lectus rutrum sit amet. Duis Aenean non velit tortor. gravida, metus in dictum eleifend, dolor Nullam adipiscing risus ;ncidunt ligula, non volutpat nulla comes from DB malesuada aliquam. comes from DB sapien in elit. Nulla rutrum erat id neque Mauris dignissim, urna (simulated) suscipit eu ultricies odio sollicitudin. (simulated) quis iaculis tempus, justo Aliquam a mi vel eros placerat hendrerit. libero por6tor est, nec Phasellus por6tor, augue sit amet eleifend est elit vitae ante. vulputate venena;s, dui leo commodo Curabitur interdum luctus odio, a euismod turpis ligula in elit. metus.

requests / second 600 500 400 300 symfony Symfony2 200 100 0 10 30 50 70 90 number of concurrent requests

cacheable for 10 seconds cacheable for 5 seconds Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur Lorem ipsum dolor sit layout adipiscing elit. In vel nulla arcu, vitae amet, consectetur cursus nunc. Integer semper turpis et enim adipiscing elit. In vel nulla por6tor iaculis. Nulla facilisi. Lorem ipsum arcu, vitae cursus nunc. dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Integer semper turpis et Mauris vehicula ves;bulum dictum. enim por6tor iaculis. Aenean non velit tortor. Nullam adipiscing Nulla facilisi. Lorem ipsum malesuada aliquam. Mauris dignissim, urna dolor sit amet, quis iaculis tempus, justo libero por6tor consectetur adipiscing elit. est, nec eleifend est elit vitae ante. Mauris vehicula Curabitur interdum luctus metus, in ves;bulum dictum. pulvinar lectus rutrum sit amet. Duis Aenean non velit tortor. gravida, metus in dictum eleifend, dolor Nullam adipiscing risus ;ncidunt ligula, non volutpat nulla malesuada aliquam. sapien main Nulla rutrum erat id neque in elit. Mauris dignissim, in component urna suscipit eu ultricies odio sollicitudin. action quis iaculis tempus, justo the layout Aliquam a mi vel eros placerat hendrerit. libero por6tor est, nec Phasellus por6tor, augue sit amet eleifend est elit vitae ante. vulputate venena;s, dui leo commodo Curabitur interdum luctus odio, a euismod turpis ligula in elit. metus. NOT cacheable

<?php $view->extend('...:layout') ?> <?php $view->slots->start('sidebar') ?> <?php echo $view->actions->render('...:list') ?> <?php $view->slots->stop() ?> Lorem ipsum...

cacheable for 10 seconds <?php $view->extend('...:layout') ?> <?php $view->slots->start('sidebar') ?> for 5 seconds cacheable <?php echo $view->actions->render('...:list') ?> <?php $view->slots->stop() ?> Lorem ipsum...

$view->actions->render('...:list', array( 'standalone' => true, ))

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur Lorem ipsum dolor sit adipiscing elit. In vel nulla arcu, vitae amet, consectetur cursus nunc. Integer semper turpis et enim adipiscing elit. In vel nulla por6tor iaculis. Nulla facilisi. Lorem ipsum arcu, vitae cursus nunc. dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Integer semper turpis et Mauris vehicula ves;bulum dictum. enim por6tor iaculis. Aenean non velit tortor. Nullam adipiscing Nulla facilisi. Lorem ipsum malesuada aliquam. Mauris dignissim, urna dolor sit amet, quis iaculis tempus, justo libero por6tor consectetur adipiscing elit. est, nec eleifend est elit vitae ante. Mauris vehicula Curabitur interdum luctus metus, in ves;bulum dictum. pulvinar lectus rutrum sit amet. Duis Aenean non velit tortor. gravida, metus in dictum eleifend, dolor Nullam adipiscing risus ;ncidunt ligula, non volutpat nulla malesuada aliquam. sapien in elit. Nulla rutrum erat id neque Mauris dignissim, urna suscipit eu ultricies odio sollicitudin. quis iaculis tempus, justo Aliquam a mi vel eros placerat hendrerit. libero por6tor est, nec Phasellus por6tor, augue sit amet eleifend est elit vitae ante. vulputate venena;s, dui leo commodo Curabitur interdum luctus odio, a euismod turpis ligula in elit. metus.

<esi:include src="..." /> Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. In vel nulla arcu, vitae cursus nunc. Integer semper turpis et enim por6tor iaculis. Nulla facilisi. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Mauris vehicula ves;bulum dictum. Aenean non velit tortor. Nullam adipiscing malesuada aliquam. Mauris dignissim, urna quis iaculis tempus, justo libero por6tor est, nec eleifend est elit vitae ante. Curabitur interdum luctus metus, in pulvinar lectus rutrum sit amet. Duis gravida, metus in dictum eleifend, dolor risus ;ncidunt ligula, non volutpat nulla sapien in elit. Nulla rutrum erat id neque suscipit eu ultricies odio sollicitudin. Aliquam a mi vel eros placerat hendrerit. Phasellus por6tor, augue sit amet vulputate venena;s, dui leo commodo odio, a euismod turpis ligula in elit.

ESI… or Edge Side Includes

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, 1 2 Symfony2 Application Lorem ipsum Reverse Proxy dolor Client 3 Lorem ipsum Lorem dolor sit ipsum amet, dolor 4

base layout layout Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, Lorem ipsum dolor sit consectetur adipiscing elit. In vel nulla Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur included page main template amet, consectetur arcu, vitae cursus nunc. Integer semper included page adipiscing elit. In vel turpis et enim por6tor iaculis. Nulla adipiscing elit. In vel nulla nulla arcu, vitae cursus facilisi. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, arcu, vitae cursus nunc. nunc. Integer semper consectetur adipiscing elit. Mauris Integer semper turpis et turpis et enim por6tor vehicula ves;bulum dictum. Aenean enim por6tor iaculis. iaculis. Nulla facilisi. non velit tortor. Nullam adipiscing Nulla facilisi. Lorem ipsum Lorem ipsum dolor sit malesuada aliquam. Mauris dignissim, dolor sit amet, amet, consectetur urna quis iaculis tempus, justo libero consectetur adipiscing elit. adipiscing elit. Mauris por6tor est, nec eleifend est elit vitae Mauris vehicula vehicula ves;bulum ante. Curabitur interdum luctus metus, ves;bulum dictum. dictum. Aenean non in pulvinar lectus rutrum sit amet. Duis Aenean non velit tortor. velit tortor. Nullam gravida, metus in dictum eleifend, Nullam adipiscing adipiscing malesuada dolor risus ;ncidunt ligula, non malesuada aliquam. aliquam. volutpat nulla sapien in elit. Nulla Mauris dignissim, urna rutrum erat id neque suscipit eu quis iaculis tempus, justo Lorem ipsum dolor sit ultricies odio sollicitudin. Aliquam a mi libero por6tor est, nec amet, consectetur included page vel eros placerat hendrerit. Phasellus eleifend est elit vitae ante. adipiscing elit. In vel por6tor, augue sit amet vulputate Curabitur interdum luctus nulla arcu, vitae venena;s, dui leo commodo odio, a metus. cursus nunc. euismod turpis ligula in elit.

Goal Be as dynamic as needed Hit the application as less as possible

P2Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, Lorem ipsum dolor sit consectetur adipiscing elit. In vel nulla amet, consectetur arcu, vitae cursus nunc. Integer adipiscing elit. In vel semper turpis et enim por6tor nulla arcu, vitae cursus iaculis. Nulla facilisi. Lorem ipsum nunc. Integer semper dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing turpis et enim elit. Mauris vehicula ves;bulum por6tor iaculis. Nulla dictum. Aenean non velit tortor. facilisi. Lorem ipsum Nullam adipiscing malesuada aliquam. dolor sit amet, P1 Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. In vel Mauris dignissim, urna quis iaculis tempus, justo libero por6tor est, nec eleifend est elit vitae ante. Curabitur consectetur adipiscing elit. Mauris vehicula ves;bulum dictum. nulla arcu, vitae cursus nunc. Integer semper turpis et enim interdum luctus metus, in pulvinar Aenean non velit por6tor iaculis. Nulla facilisi. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, lectus rutrum sit amet. Duis gravida, consectetur adipiscing elit. Mauris vehicula ves;bulum dictum. tortor. Nullam metus in dictum eleifend, dolor risus adipiscing malesuada Aenean non velit tortor. Nullam adipiscing malesuada aliquam. Mauris dignissim, urna quis iaculis tempus, justo libero por6tor 10S ;ncidunt ligula, non volutpat nulla sapien in elit. 5S aliquam est, nec eleifend est elit vitae ante. Curabitur interdum luctus metus, in pulvinar lectus rutrum sit amet. Duis gravida, metus in dictum eleifend, dolor risus ;ncidunt ligula, non volutpat nulla sapien in elit. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. In vel nulla arcu, vitae cursus nunc. Integer semper turpis et Expiration enim por6tor iaculis. Nulla facilisi. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Mauris vehicula ves;bulum dictum. Aenean non velit tortor. Nullam adipiscing malesuada aliquam. Mauris dignissim, urna quis iaculis tempus, justo libero por6tor 10S est, nec eleifend est elit vitae ante. Curabitur interdum luctus P3 Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, Lorem ipsum dolor sit metus, in pulvinar lectus rutrum sit amet consectetur adipiscing elit. In vel nulla amet, consectetur arcu, vitae cursus nunc. Integer adipiscing elit. In vel semper turpis et enim por6tor Expiration nulla arcu, vitae cursus iaculis. Nulla facilisi. Lorem ipsum nunc. Integer semper dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing turpis et enim Expiration elit. Mauris vehicula ves;bulum por6tor iaculis. Nulla dictum. Aenean non velit tortor. facilisi. Lorem ipsum Nullam adipiscing malesuada aliquam. dolor sit amet, Mauris dignissim, urna quis iaculis consectetur adipiscing & tempus, justo libero por6tor est, nec eleifend est elit vitae ante. Curabitur interdum luctus metus, in pulvinar elit. Mauris vehicula ves;bulum dictum. Aenean non velit Validation 10S lectus rutrum sit amet. Duis gravida, tortor. Nullam metus in dictum eleifend, dolor risus adipiscing malesuada ETag ;ncidunt ligula, non volutpat nulla sapien in elit. 5S aliquam ETag

PHP SF 300 Web Server P1 100 P2 100 P3 100 symfony app Requests Response

PHP SF 300 Web Server symfony cache P1 10 P2 100 P3 100 symfony app Requests P1 90 Response

PHP SF 201 Web Server symfony cache P1 1 P2 100 P3 100 symfony app Requests P1 99 management! No HTTP Response

PHP SF2 300 Web Server P1 100 P2 100 P3 100 Symfony2 app Requests Response

PHP SF2 140 PHP LIGHT 180 Web Server Symfony2 HTTP proxy P1 10 P2 10 + 20 P3 100 Symfony2 app Requests P1 90 P2 90 Response

PHP SF2 140 PHP LIGHT 0 Reverse proxy Web Server P1 10 P2 10 + 20 P3 100 Symfony2 app Requests P1 90 P2 90 Response

The power is even bigger than what you think…

$view->actions->render('...:list', array( 'standalone' => true, 'ignore_errors' => true, 'alt' => 'BlogBundle:Post:error' )) <esi:include src="..." alt="..." on-error="ignore" />

$view->actions->render( 'http://www.google.com/', array( 'standalone' => true, 'ignore_errors' => true, 'alt' => 'BlogBundle:Post:error' ) )

stale-while-revalidate - rfc5861

stale-if-error - rfc5861

There are only two hard things in Computer Science: cache invalidation and naming things. -- Phil Karlton http://martinfowler.com/bliki/TwoHardThings.html

Code is still experimental and buggy

http://datatracker.ietf.org/wg/httpbis/

Questions?

Sensio S.A. 92-98, boulevard Victor Hugo 92 115 Clichy Cedex FRANCE Tél. : +33 1 40 99 80 80 Contact Fabien Potencier fabien.potencier at sensio.com http://www.sensiolabs.com/ http://www.symfony-project.org/ http://fabien.potencier.org/

http://tomayko.com/writings/things-caches-do http://www.slideshare.net/rtomayko/https-bestkept-secret-caching http://content.newrelic.com/railslab/videos/10-ScalingRails-Client- Side-Caching.mp4 http://content.newrelic.com/railslab/videos/11-ScalingRails-Advanced- HTTP-Caching.mp4

// do only what is needed to compute // the ETag and Last-Modified header values $response = $this->createResponse(); $response->setEtag('post_'.$post->getId()); $response->setLastModified($post->getPublishedAt()); if ($response->isNotModified($this->getRequest())) { return $response; } // do some heavy stuff here return $this->render('...:post', $vars, $response);

// from http://varnish-cache.org/wiki/FAQ/Compression // normalize Accept-Encoding HTTP header protected function lookup(Request $request) { if ($ae = $request->headers->get('Accept-Encoding')) { if (preg_match('/.(jpg|png|gif|gz|tgz|bz2|tbz|mp3|ogg)$/', $request->getRequestUri())) { // no point in compressing these $request->headers->delete('Accept-Encoding'); } elseif (false !== strpos($ae, 'gzip')) { $request->headers->set('Accept-Encoding', 'gzip'); } elseif (false !== strpos($ae, 'deflate')) { $request->headers->set('Accept-Encoding', 'deflate'); } else { // unkown algorithm $request->headers->delete('Accept-Encoding'); } } return parent::lookup($request); }

PHP SF2 60 PHP LIGHT 180 Web Server Symfony2 HTTP proxy Symfony2Validation accel. P2 10 + 20 P3 10 + 20 Symfony2 app Requests P3 90 P2 90 Response

PHP SF2 60 PHP LIGHT 90 Reverse proxy Web Server Symfony2Validation accel. P2 10 + 20 P3 10 + 20 Symfony2 app Requests P3 90 P2 90 Response

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Caching on the Edge with Symfony2

by Fabien Potencier on Jun 24, 2010

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