This document provides an overview of addition and subtraction. It defines each process, lists key words to identify them, and gives examples of setting up and solving problems for each. Addition is defined as finding the total or sum by combining numbers, while subtraction is taking one number away from another. Key words help determine whether to add or subtract. Examples show setting up problems by underlining key words, drawing pictures, writing number sentences, and calculating the answer. The document emphasizes using key words and pictures to understand addition and subtraction.

1. Addition and Subtraction By: Julie Ewart

2. ADDITION VS. SUBTRACTION

3. Addition “Finding the total, or sum, by combining two or more numbers.” You can use pictures and models to demonstrate addition! Definition of addition retrieved from http://www.mathsisfun.com/definitions/addition.html

4. Key Words for Addition “in total” “what is the sum” “in all” “combined with” “all together”

5. Layout for Solving Addition Problems STORY PROBLEM TO FIND ANSWER Find key word in story problem Draw picture Record using numbers and symbols Solve

6. Example Betty has three apples. She picks two more off the tree. How many apples does Betty have all together? SOLUTION KEY WORD: “all together” 2 apples plus 3 apples equals 5 apples 2+3=5 Red apple image from http://free-extras.com/images/red_apple-560.htm

7. Example Sam has four bananas. Tim has two bananas. How many bananas are there in total? SOLUTION KEY WORD: “in total” Four bananas plus 2 bananas equals 6 bananas 4+2=6 Banana image retrieved from Google Images http://www.google.com/imgres?q=banana&hl=en&biw=1280&bih=666&tbm=isch&tbnid=Y3jo2Xt7Raq0cM:&imgrefurl=http://pested.ifas.ufl.edu/newsletters/september2007/food.htm&docid=Z8_84BNt3DZVdM&w=312&h=434&ei=jnyITqLsKNG3tge8t52rBw&zoom=1&iact=rc&dur=690&page=1&tbnh=138&tbnw=101&start=0&ndsp=18&ved=1t:429,r:14,s:0&tx=64&ty=56

8. Example On the playground, Tom found six ants on the ground. Olivia found four ants on the ground. How many ants are there in all? SOLUTION KEY WORD: “in all” Six ants plus four ants equals ten ants 6+4=10 Picture of ant retrieved from Google Images http://www.google.com/search?q=ants&hl=en&rlz=1C1RNCN_enUS347US347&prmd=imvnsu&source=lnms&tbm=isch&ei=S42ITvC4Gsng0QG6qfH8Dw&sa=X&oi=mode_link&ct=mode&cd=2&ved=0CD0Q_AUoAQ&biw=1280&bih=709

9. Subtraction “Taking one number away from another.” You can use pictures and models to demonstrate subtraction! Definition of subtraction retrieved from http://www.mathsisfun.com/definitions/subtraction.html

10. Key Words for Subtraction “difference” “fewer” “how many more” “how much more” “left” “less”

11. Layout for Solving Subtraction Problems STORY PROBLEM TO FIND ANSWER Find key word in story problem Draw picture Record using numbers and symbols Solve

12. Example Patty has nine pencils. Three people asked to borrow a pencil from her today. How many pencils does she have left? SOLUTION KEY WORD: “how many left” Nine pencils minus three pencils equals six pencils 9-3=6 Picture of pencil retrieved from Microsoft Word clip art

13. Example Cody has eight oranges. He eats three of them. How many oranges are left? SOLUTION KEY WORD: “how many left” Eight oranges minus three oranges equals five oranges 8-5=3 Picture of orange retrieved from Microsoft Word clip art

14. Example Tim has four dollars. Courtney has one dollar. How much more money does Tim have? SOLUTION KEY WORD: “how much more” Four dollars minus one dollar equals three dollars 4-1=3 Dollar sign image retrieved from Microsoft Word clip art

15. ADD OR SUBTRACT? How do you know? LOOK FOR KEY WORDS!!! Taking away or joining together?

16. Example: Addition or Subtraction? Cindy has five tennis balls. She loses one. How many fewer tennis balls does she have? SOLUTION KEY WORD: “how many fewer” Addition or Subtraction? SUBTRACTION!

17. Example: Addition or Subtraction? Chloe has seven pairs of shoes. She buys three more pairs. How many pairs of shoes does Chloe have in total? SOLUTION KEY WORD: “in total” Addition or Subtraction? ADDITION!

18. Review Addition: joining together Subtraction: taking away LOOK AT KEY WORDS DRAW PICTURES And last but not least, remember…..

19. MATH IS FUN!

20. References http://www.michigan.gov/mde/0,1607,7-140-28753---,00.html http://www.mathstories.com/key_words.htm