Open Access in 2012 – a developing country perspective

Open Access in 2012 – adeveloping country perspective EADI-IMWG Workshop 13 September 2012

`Yesterday we were a bunch of activists… I-Commons, Dubrovnik 2007

Attribution Some rights reserved by James Cridlandbut now Open Access is in the mainstream

..for theSTMpublishingindustry, a‘tsunami’…

…as high-level policy initiatives are adopted…

AttributionNoncommercialNo Derivative Works Some rights reserved by riac …based on the right of public access to publicly funded research…

The World Bank

.. transformative uses of information..

UNESCO - OA to scientific information…

OA to increase journalimpact, especially in the developing world

2010 -12 - The EU Open Aire…

Committing investment to infrastructure development forknowledge preservation and impact

… the UK, where the Finch Report recommends investment in OA journal publishing… http://www.researchinfonet.org/publish/finch/

Earmarking funds for encouragingpublication in open access journals

… with repositories for researchpapers, grey literature and research data..

The first Open Access declaration –2002 An old tradition and a new technology have converged to make possible an unprecedented public good. The old tradition is the willingnessof scientists and scholars to publish the fruits of their research in scholarly journals withoutpayment, for the sake of inquiry and knowledge. The new technology is the internet .. Budapest Open Access Initiative

Why is OA needed?

World Research Publication - 2001 http://www.worldmapper.org 2006 SASI Group (University of Sheffield) and Mark Newman (University of Michigan).

Behind this picture, hierarchies of power exerted through a commercial journal system …http://www.flickr.com/photos/adactio/ CC attribution licence

…in which ‘mainstream’ (i.e publishable in the index) = ‘relevant to the English-speaking global North’Guédon, J. Open Access and the divide between “mainstream” and “peripheral”science, 2008. In Como gerir e qualificar revistas científicas (forthcoming , inPortuguese). (In Press) [Book Chapter].

No known copyright restrictions… the other two-thirds of the world is ‘local’.

Attribution Some rights reserved by Will Clayton…and the emphasis is on competitiveness…

…with the Impact Factor entrenchedas the dominant global measure for research performance…

…there is aproblem… Attribution Some rights reserved by music2work2

…tunnel vision – only about journalshttp://www.flickr.com/photos/adactio/ CC attribution licence

“The public good they make possible is the world-wide electronic distribution of the peer-reviewed journal literature and completely free and unrestricted access to it by all scientists, scholars, teachers, students, and other curious minds.” Budapest Open Access Initiative

Two ‘routes’ to OA - both focus on journalsSome rights reserved by mrhayata

.. The target is increasing exposure and impact…

And this is working - Brazil is now the 3rd largest publisher of OA journals in the world, second only to the USA and the UK.Alperin et al., 2008, Open access and scholarlypublishing in Latin America: ten flavours and afew reflectionsrevista.ibict.br/liinc/index.php/liinc/article/vie

…is this enough? How transformative is the journal focus?http://www.flickr.com/photos/adactio/ CC attribution licence

In the South this month…

Formal publishing is only the tip of the iceberg -Attribution Some rights reserved by natalielucier

SCAP project – aligning scholarlycommunication with national and institutional

Institutions hammered by successive policy changes…AttributionNoncommercialShare Alike Some rights reserved by Peter Curbishley

…to whom we offer technical platforms asthe solution - but the scaffolding is lacking…

…trying to re-establish themselves as global players in higher education…AttributionNoncommercialNo Derivative Works Some rights reserved by Mennonite Church USA Archives

…yet wanting a research contribution to national development ….Some rights reserved by mimaba

…in a clash between collaborative and competitive research values…Attribution Some rights reserved by Anthony_Joel

National policy – about money In the knowledge economyAttributionShare Alike Some rights reserved by 401(K) 2012

…incentive systems areout of line with national and institutional strategies…AttributionNo Derivative Works Some rights reserved by ayomide!

Our universities, inparticular, should bedirecting their researchfocus to address thedevelopment and socialneeds of our communities.The impact of their researchshould be measured by howmuch difference it makes tothe needs of ourcommunities, rather than byjust how many internationalcitations researchers receivein their publications. Blade Nzimande, UNESCO World Conference on Higher Education 2009

What can be done?

Move scholarly communications into the policy mainstream…

Move beyond the journal…

Expand the concept of what a journal is

Work with OA publishers more sympatheticto developing country issues

Open everything – from research toteaching and learning to development impact

Recognise changing patterns of communication in networked collaborative research…

Traditional Scholarship Literature reviewsStudent Conceptual frameworks Bibliographies Proposals Conceptualisation Notes Interview transcripts Lectures Translation Data sets Data Collection Presentations Engagement Data Analysis Images Reports Audio recordings InterviewsCommunity Findings Books Conference papers Journal articles Technical papers Scholar Laura Czerniewicz: The Changing Scholarly Communication and Content Landscape

Open Research Literature reviews Bibliographies Conceptual frameworks Proposals Conceptualisation Notes Interview transcripts Lectures Translation Data sets Data Collection Presentations Engagement Data Analysis Images Reports Audio recordings Interviews Findings Books Conference papers Journal articles Technical papersLaura Czerniewicz: The Changing Scholarly Communication and Content Landscape

A wider range of measure … Altmetrics

Take into account capacity issues in an integrated approach – technicalplatforms on their own do not resolve the issues…

Eve GrayScholarly Communication in Africa Programme University of Cape Town http://www.gray-area.co.za Twitter: graysouth

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Open Access in 2012 – a developing country perspective

by Eve Gray on Sep 17, 2012

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