Che cosa sono le OER

Che cosa sono le OER Presentazione Master Elearning Università della Tuscia Venerdi, 21 novembre 2009

[email_address] www.csp.it www.associazionedschola.it oeritaly.ning.com www.puntopanto.it blog.puntopanto.it www.twitter.com/ epanto Questa presentazione è licenziata in modalità CC BY-SA ITA 2.5

strategie apertura contenuti didattici repository università licenze Di cosa parleremo elearning

Ne parliamo perché..

Globalizzazione

Alta intensità di conoscenza

La tecnologia può aiutare…

.. A dare a tutti le stesse opportunità

Da dove sbucano fuori, queste OER?

1994- Wayne Hodgins Learning Object riusabili, ricombinabili, standard che consentono di trovare e riusare contenuti didattici 1998- David Wyley Open content – l’idea che i principi che stanno alla base del movimento opensource possano essere applicabili anche ai contenuti 1998- Nuove licenze - Open Public license 2001 – Creative Commons FLOSS Proprietà Intellettuale Elearning

http:// web.mit.edu / newsoffice /2007/ ocw-chart-lrg.jpg

2001 Le licenze Creative Commons Le 4 R Reuse Redistribute Revise (modificare) Remix (combinare) http://www.creativecommons.it/

http://wiki.creativecommons.org/File:Metrics_Updated.png

Wikipedia
un’enciclopedia
online
aperta
libera
collaborativa
Img by xkcd.com, CC-BY-NC-2.5

Ideato nel 1999
Focus sul concetto di libro di testo: aperto, modificabile
1700 autori
1.2 milioni utenti mese
190 paesi

2002- Conferenza Unesco
OER - Digitized educational materials offered freely and openly for use and re-use in teaching, learning and research Nascono ufficialmente le OER – Risorse Educative Aperte e sono anche definite come materiale educativo digitale che può usato e modificato

2005 Unesco Virtual University 500 partecipanti da 90 Paesi

2005 OpenCourseWare Consortium +200 organizzazioni in tutto il mondo +6200 corsi (2008)

2006 OpenER@OUNL
2006: Open University of the Netherlands lancia OpenER
Obiettivi
Ridurre il gap fra apprendimento formale e informale
Ridurre barriere all’istruzione superiore
2008: il ministro dell’Istruzione lanciaun’infrastruttura nazionale per le OER

2006 – OER WIKI – Unesco Community http://oerwiki.iiep-unesco.org

2007
Aumentare consapevolezza e promozione
Fare networking e costruire community
Sviluppare competenze
Sostenibilità
Assicurazione qualità
Copyright
Tradotto in 12 lingue, tra cui l’italiano http://oerwiki.iiep-unesco.org/index.php?title=OER:_the_Way_Forward/Collaborative_work_on_translations/Italian_Version

2008 – Dichiarazione di Capetown sulla Open Education http://www.capetowndeclaration.org/translations/italian-translation

http:// ocwblog.org / wp-content / uploads /2008/11/ ocwchart.gif

L’ecosistema delle OER

“ The fundamental principle underlying both FOSS and OER is the freedom to share knowledge - whether this takes the form of making software code open for collaborative modification and improvement, or allowing unrestricted access to learning materials." (Vukovic and Martin, 2009)

"The key issue with respect to OER is whether or not they are useful and effectively used in equipping students with the competences and skills for personal and professional achievement in the current and emerging knowledge-based societies and economies." (OLCOS, 2007)
Nuove abilità per il 21 secolo

I fattori abilitanti
Aumento delle connessioni
Tecnologie a basso costo
Aumento dei contenuti disponibili

Una possibile classificazione Giving Knowledge for Free - Jan Hylén, 2007 Tools Open source software for development and delivery of resources Content Materials published for learning or reference Implementation resources Content Management Systems (CMS) - EduCommons Development Tools - Connexions Social software - Wikis - H20 - OSLO research Learning Management Systems - Moodle - Sakai Learning Resources Learning Objects - MERLOT - Connexions - ARIADNE Courseware - MIT OCW - ParisTech - Japan OCW Consortium Reference Collections - Internet Archive - Google Scholar - Library of Congress - Wikis Licensing Tools - Creative Commons - GNU Free Documentation License Interoperability - IMS - SCORM - OKI Best Practices - CMU (design principles)

… oltre i contenuti, oltre la classe
Introduction to open content
Peoples-uni
Peer to Peer University
Wikiversity
Wikieducator
Netgeners.net

Apertura (Openness) Donors Sponsors … .
Licenze Creative Commons
Licenze Open Publication
Funzionale (standard aperti) Sviluppo (uso di Open Source Software)
Libertà di
Usare
Copiare
Modificare
Ridistribuire
finanziaria legale tecnologica sociale

Jan Hylén Giving Knowledge for Free - Jan Hylén, 2007 Underlying Drivers and Inhibitors of technical, economic, social and legal nature Stimulate internal improvement, innovation and reuse Growing competition – new cost recovery models are needed It is not worth the effort to keep the resource closed Good PR and show-window attracting new students Commercial reasons “ What you give, you receive back improved” Promote lifelong learning Personal non-monetary gain Leverage on taxpayers’ money by allowing free sharing and reuse between institutions Bridge the gap between non-formal, informal and formal learning Altruistic or community supportive reasons Altruistic reasons Expanded access to learning Individuals Institutions Governments Perché condividere gratis?

Trovare Connexions Curriki Itrainonline Global Text Project MERLOT WikiEducator DiscoverEd Search Creative Commons Commonwealth of Learning Google searches OpenCourseWare Finder OER Commons Knowledge Hub (OER) Index Repository Motori

.. le sfide
Qualità
Sostenibilità
Valutazione e certificazione
Prospettiva globale
Ri-uso
OER Toolkit

Copyright/Copyleft
Diritto d’autore
Licenze aperte
Creative Commons
GNU Free Documentation License
Incompatibilità OER REMIX - giocare con le licenze http://www.opencontent.org/game/ logo-small.png
OER e terze parti
Remove
Replace
Relicense

Sostenibilità
I contenuti sono solo l’inizio
La community è fondamentale
Sono caratterizzati da un modello di produzione, condivisione e riuso
Le strutture centralizzate, gerarchiche sono un ostacolo
Stephen Downes Goals for the project Organization in terms of size, structure, degree of centralisation Type of resources (OCW, LO) and media format (HTML, XML, PDF) for sharing Target group and type of reuse to be supported Incentives for contributors Ways to reduce costs (e.g. rejecting all third-party licensed content) Funding or revenue model

Alcuni modelli di sostenibilità David Wyley Pubblico Flickr Abbonamento CORE, Stanford iTunes Sponsorizzazione Wikipedia Donazione SAKAI, MERLOT, OCW Consortium Affiliazione MIT OCW, OKI, OLPC Istituzionale

Accesso alle OER http://oerwiki.iiep-unesco.org/index.php?title=Access2OER/Access_Issues

Policy
Definire politiche per l’uso e il riuso delle OER a livello di istituzioni (università, scuole, enti di formazione), ove possibile collegate a politiche di livello locale o nazionale, favorisce la diffusione delle OER

Il futuro Il futuro

Openschool Utah http://openhighschool.org/

Flatworldknowledge http://www.flatworldknowledge.com/

OER Foundation http://wikieducator.org/Image:OER-Theory-of-action.jpg

Crediti fotografici
BluSky and rail http://www.flickr.com/photos/ecstaticist/2589723846/sizes/l/
I caught a bustel fo orange http://www.flickr.com/photos/kt/49174317/
Are you seriuous? http://www.flickr.com/photos/restless_mind/379072838/
O: http://www.flickr.com/photos/69er/463302758/
Billions & Billions Served http ://www.flickr.com/ photos /gasi/441355880/ sizes /l/
School Children in Balata Refugee Camp http://www.flickr.com/ photos / velvetart /54330543/ sizes /o/
Treating Cancer with Nano-bio Technology
http://www.flickr.com/photos/argonne/3838005246/sizes/l/
http://www.sxc.hu/photo/1237883
Wyoming and south dakota sky http://www.flickr.com/photos/davebluedevil/17508904/
On my morning walk http://www.flickr.com/photos/leafy/3826214063/sizes/l/
Sombre sky http://www.flickr.com/photos/flavijus/543987511/
Sea smoke 1 http://www.flickr.com/photos/lunaspin/2094563164/
Dolcevita zen http://www.flickr.com/photos/auro/234894602/
What Does 2009 Hold? Another Pentax? http://www.flickr.com/photos/insightimaging/3131461925/sizes/l/
Open Teaching - Thinning the Walls - Revision #2 http://www.flickr.com/photos/courosa/3327017298/sizes/l/in/set-72157603986790944/
Open Teaching - Network Sherpa
http://www.flickr.com/photos/courosa/3293199214/sizes/o/in/photostream/
txt'ing
http://www.flickr.com/photos/courosa/2831891520/sizes/l/in/set-72157603986790944/

Letture & (qualche) link
Giving knowledge for free – The emergence of open educational resources –OECD (2007) http://www.oecd.org/document/41/0,3343,en_2649_35845581_38659497_1_1_1_1,00.html
Opening Up Education The Collective Advancement of Education through Open Technology, Open Content, and Open Knowledge Edited by Toru Iiyoshi and M. S. Vijay Kumar , Foreword by John Seely Brown , MIT Press, 2008 http://mitpress.mit.edu/catalog/item/default.asp?ttype=2&tid=11309
OER HANDBOOK for EDUCATOR v.1.0 - http://wikieducator.org/OER_Handbook/educator_version_one
OER COMMONS http://www.oercommons.org/
Wikieducator http://www.wikieducator.org/Main_Page
OER blogs http://oerblogs.org/
OER Toolkit http://oerwiki.iiep-unesco.org/index.php?title=UNESCO_OER_Toolkit
David Wiley, Seth Gurrell, A decade of development… in Open Learning : The Journal of Open and Distance Learning , Volume 24 , Issue 1 February 2009 , pages 11 - 21
Risorse Didattiche Aperte: aspetti sociali ed economici, V. Comba, AIDA Informazioni, Anno 26, n.34, luglio dicembre 2008 http://www.aidainformazioni.it/pub/comba342008.pdf
OER in Italy - http://oeritaly.ning.com
La mia raccolta personale di link su OER http://delicious.com/epanto/oer

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Che cosa sono le OER

by Eleonora Pantò on Nov 24, 2009

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Che cosa sono le OER — Presentation Transcript