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Lecture 19.1a- Acid/Base Properties
1. 19.1
Lecture 19.1a-
Properties of Acids and Bases
Acids taste sour, will change the color of
an acid-base indicator, and can be
strong or weak electrolytes in aqueous
solution.
3. 19.1
Bases taste bitter, feel slippery, will
change the color of an acid-base
indicator, and can be strong or weak
electrolytes in aqueous solution.
4. Antacids use bases to neutralize
excess stomach acid.
The base calcium hydroxide is a
component of mortar.
5. The Arrhenius definition of
ACIDS AND BASES
Acids dissociate to produce H+
HCl H+ + Cl-
Bases dissociate to produce OH-
NaOH Na+ + OH-
6. HCl H+ + Cl-
Or
HCl + H2O H3O+ + Cl-
H+ and H3O+ mean the same thing
7. H + is a proton
Acids form H+ which attaches to
water forming the hydronium ion
H+ + H2O H3O+ hydronium ion
H+ and H3O+ mean the same thing
8. An acidic hydrogen can dissociate
from the acid as H+.
Acidic hydrogens are written first
in the chemical formula.
HNO3 = monoprotic acid
H2SO4 = diprotic acid
H3PO4 = triprotic acid
HC2H3O2 = monoprotic
protic aka proton
9. 19.1
Stomach acid
Battery acid
In soda pop
Acetic acid Vinegar
Makes bubbles
in carbonated
beverages
13. When acids and bases are mixed they
react to form water in a
Neutralization reaction
NaOH + HCl H2O + NaCl(aq)
An acid/base reaction always
forms water and an aqueous salt
The net ionic equation for an
acid/base reaction is
H+ + OH- H2O
14. PROPERTIES OF ACIDS AND BASES
ACIDS BASES
Produce H+ Produce OH-
pH below 7 pH above 7
Sour taste Bitter taste
H+ + some metals = H2(g) Slippery feel
Litmus paper red Litmus paper blue
React with base to React with acid to
form water and salt form water & salt
BOTH ACIDS AND BASES ARE ELECTROLYTES