CORBA for transportation control and command systems tutorial

CORBA ATC use case, Note to offline reader.
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31/03/03
Thales Air Traffic Management
2

The open issue :
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Thales Air Traffic Management
3

CORBA use case
Can we use CORBA in Large Distributed Control
System ?
What do We want !
Complex System Seamless Integration
Why CORBA ?
Object Software Bus
Design for changes
Change example : Printer
CORBA distributed polymorphism example
CORBA and Distributed Design pattern example
Procedural design versus Object design
Designing Distributed Object
31/03/03
Normalisation processes
Thales Air Traffic Management
4

Why CORBA ?
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Thales Air Traffic Management
5

Practical Use Case
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Complex system : ATC center
AFTN/CIDIN
ATFM
ADJACENT
FIR'S/TWR'S
MET Centres
Supervisory Recording
Radar Front Radar Data Flight Plan Simulator
Control
Supervisory Replay
Processing Processing Recording
Processing
Radar Front Radar Data Flight Plan Simulator
Control Replay
Processing Processing Processing
LAN
Voice control
controller controller controller
controller and
Voice control
Working Working Working
Working communications
and
Position Position Position
Position communications
• Intercom
• Priority
• Public
4 56
31/03/03
• RADIO A/G
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7

Object At system level ?
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31/03/03
Thales Air Traffic Management
8

CORBA use case
Can we use CORBA in Large Distributed Control
System ?
What do We want !
Complex System Seamless Integration
Why CORBA ?
Object Software Bus
Design for changes
Change example : Printer
CORBA distributed polymorphism example
CORBA and Distributed Design pattern example
Procedural design versus Object design
Designing Distributed Object
31/03/03
Normalisation processes
Thales Air Traffic Management
9

What Do We Want
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# \" #
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What Do We Want !
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+ +
Operator
Display
Supervision
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System
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What DO We Want !
\" #
\" #
#
#
+ +
+ +
Operator
Display
Supervision
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System
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What DO We Want !
\" #
#
#
+ +
Operator
Display
Supervision
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System
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13

We want to Increase Integrated software quality
31/03/03
Thales Air Traffic Management
14

CORBA use case
Can we use CORBA in Large Distributed Control
System ?
What do We want !
Complex System Seamless Integration
Why CORBA ?
Object Software Bus
Design for changes
Change example : Printer
CORBA distributed polymorphism example
CORBA and Distributed Design pattern example
Procedural design versus Object design
Designing Distributed Object
31/03/03
Normalisation processes
Thales Air Traffic Management
15

What We expect ?
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Operator
Display
Supervision
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System
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What We expect ?
8
+ #
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What We May Have :
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Spaghetti Plate Syndrome
8
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Spaghetti Plate Syndrome
+ \" \"
+ #
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Spaghetti Plate Syndrome
+ #
+ #
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Thales Air Traffic Management
21

CORBA use case
Can we use CORBA in Large Distributed Control
System ?
What do We want !
Complex System Seamless Integration
Why CORBA ?
Object Software Bus
Design for changes
Change example : Printer
CORBA distributed polymorphism example
CORBA and Distributed Design pattern example
Procedural design versus Object design
Designing Distributed Object
31/03/03
Normalisation processes
Thales Air Traffic Management
22

Why CORBA
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( ( \" \"
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Software Component Integration Bus
Software BUS
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Object Software Component Integration Bus
# $ # # !
Distributed
)\" 99:; ( Polymorphism
\"
Software Components
Evolution
And Replacement
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CORBA use case
Can we use CORBA in Large Distributed Control
System ?
What do We want !
Complex System Seamless Integration
Why CORBA ?
Object Software Bus
Design for changes
Change example : Printer
CORBA distributed polymorphism example
CORBA and Distributed Design pattern example
Procedural design versus Object design
Designing Distributed Object
31/03/03
Normalisation processes
Thales Air Traffic Management
26

Polymorphism
1 < '
)\" \" # \" *
( !
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=
*GoF stand for Gang of Four. It refers to the pattern seminal book of John Vlissides, Erich Gamma,
Richard Helm, Ralph Johnson:
Design Patterns: Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software.
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Object Software Component Integration Bus
Object Software BUS
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Object Software Component Integration Bus
8!
Object Software BUS
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Procedural versus Object
Procedural Design Object Design
After Object
Before Object
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30

CORBA use case
Can we use CORBA in Large Distributed Control
System ?
What do We want !
Complex System Seamless Integration
Why CORBA ?
Object Software Bus
Design for changes
Change example : Printer
CORBA distributed polymorphism example
CORBA and Distributed Design pattern example
Procedural design versus Object design
Designing Distributed Object
31/03/03
Normalisation processes
Thales Air Traffic Management
31

Design for changes
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Changes Sources* During Development
-
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2 (
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# + ;
+ \"
8
<. ! /
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Object Oriented Design
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Without OOD
Without OOD
Design for no Changes
Stationary System
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Change management before OOD
#( \"
(
\" # \"
Caller called
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Change management before OOD
0 ! \" \" \"
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!\" \"
No changes
Caller called
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Change management before OOD
! '! \" \"
\" # \" \" \" #
!\"
Changes
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Caller called
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Change management and code reuse before OO
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Caller called
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System Integration is a specific change case
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Caller
Called
Caller Called
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Integration case
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Old New
Old
New
Code Code
Code
Code
Caller
Called Called
Caller
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Pervasive Change
Replaced Module (Changed)
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Pervasive Change
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Pervasive Change
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Pervasive Change
Several Changes Replace and Reused
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Pervasive Change = Spaghetti Plate
After Several Changes Replace and Reused
+ #
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Procedural versus Object
Without OOD With OOD
Design for no Changes Design For Changes
Stationary System Evolutionary System
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Change management with OO reuse
0 % ! \" \"
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OOD
Caller called
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Change management with OO reuse
0 % ! \" \"
\" !\" \"
No changes
Caller called
OOD
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With OOD : Software Bus
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CORBA use case
Can we use CORBA in Large Distributed Control
System ?
What do We want !
Complex System Seamless Integration
Why CORBA ?
Object Software Bus
Design for changes
Change example : Printer
CORBA distributed polymorphism example
CORBA and Distributed Design pattern example
Procedural design versus Object design
Designing Distributed Object
31/03/03
Normalisation processes
Thales Air Traffic Management
51

Changes example : the printer
Client Printing Server
From The CORBA Bible
Michi Henning
Steve Vinoski
Advanced CORBA
Programming with C++
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Changes example : the printer
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!\"
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Changes example : the printer
Client Printing Server
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Changes example : the printer
Old Client Printing Server
New Client
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Change management with OOD reuse
# #! \"% !
Printing Server
Client
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Change management with OOD reuse
3 ! \" # ( ( ?- \"% @ !
\" #! \" ! !\"
Printing Server
Client
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Change management and code reuse before OOD
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Change management with OOD reuse
# ? )\"@ \" ! \"
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Object properties
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\" #
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CORBA = Distributed Polymorphism
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#
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)\" + (\" . +/
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CORBA use case
Can we use CORBA in Large Distributed Control
System ?
What do We want !
Complex System Seamless Integration
Why CORBA ?
Object Software Bus
Design for changes
Change example : Printer
CORBA distributed polymorphism example
CORBA and Distributed Design pattern example
Procedural design versus Object design
Designing Distributed Object
31/03/03
Normalisation processes
Thales Air Traffic Management
62

CORBA Distributed Polymorphism examples
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# +$ \"
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2& D
#
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Example UML Diagram
Print
Strip Printer
1
Strip : string
Print()
Print()
From The CORBA Bible
Michi Henning
Steve Vinoski ColorPrinter
Advanced CORBA
Programming with C++
Setcolor()
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Example Interface Inheritance (IDL)
Printer
# \"
ColorPrinter
! \"
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printer
&OLHQW Printer
print()
Colour
set_color()
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printer
&OLHQW Printer
print()
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CORBA Distributed Polymorphism example 1
8 #
Printer
+ (\"
0
- &
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CORBA = Distributed Polymorphism
? # (\" @
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# (\" # #\" \"\"
8 #+ (\" ( !\" #
! \" # (\"
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Objet Reference and Naming
Client Naming Server
Service
Client lookup
Server exports
for Interface IOR
IOR
Client submits
request to server
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CORBA = Distributed Polymorphism
%
! ( \" \" #
\"
8 !\" \" ! \"
! \" \"
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CORBA = Distributed Polymorphism
+\" ! \" # Printer
8 #
+ (\"
ColorPrinter
0
- &
\"% 0
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CORBA Distributed Polymorphism
+\" ! \" # Printer
8 #
+ (\"
ColorPrinter
0
- &
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printer
&OLHQW Printer
print()
Colour
set_color()
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CORBA use case
Can we use CORBA in Large Distributed Control
System ?
What do We want !
Complex System Seamless Integration
Why CORBA ?
Object Software Bus
Design for changes
Change example : Printer
CORBA distributed polymorphism example
CORBA and Distributed Design pattern example
Procedural design versus Object design
Designing Distributed Object
31/03/03
Normalisation processes
Thales Air Traffic Management
75

We need design patterns
0 (
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#
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! % !
)\" # #
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Distributed Pattern
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2& \" ! \"\" \" )\"
! +
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&
# !
+\" &
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# !
&
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The GOF Abstract Factory Design Pattern
*GoF stand for Gang of Four. It refers to the famous books of John Vlissides, Erich Gamma, Richard Helm,
31/03/03
Ralph Johnson. Design Patterns: Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software.
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Polymorphism and Factory Pattern : example 2
\"
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Life cycle
Printer Factory
Client Printer
Create Printer
Create Printer
Printer IOR
Request
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FACTOY PATTERN (from OOC training)
\" \" ! (
'\" # !#
+\"
A client is required to provide security information before the
factory object will allow the client to have access to another
object.
$ * \"#
The factory object manages a pool of objects, often
representing some limited resource, and assigns them to
clients based on some utilization algorithm.
A factory object enables the use of polymorphism by returning
object references to different implementations depending on
31/03/03
the criteria specified by a client.
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Polymorphism and Factory Pattern
\"
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Polymorphism and Factory Pattern
\"
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Factory And Code Generation
&OLHQW Printer
+print()
Black & White
+ print()
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Factory And Code Generation
&OLHQW Printer
+print()
Black & White Colour
+ print() + print()
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Factory And Code Generation
&OLHQW Printer
+print()
Black & White Colour FAX
+ print() + print() + print()
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Factory And Code Generation
&OLHQW Printer
+print()
Strip
Black & White Colour FAX
+ print()
+ print() + print() + print()
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Factory And Code Generation
<<Interface>>
&OLHQW
Printer
+print()
Strip
Black & White Colour FAX
+ print()
+ print() + print() + print()
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Factory And Code Generation
<<Interface>>
&OLHQW
Printer Factory
Strip
Black & White Colour FAX
Factory
Factory Factory Factory
1 \"
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CORBA use case
Can we use CORBA in Large Distributed Control
System ?
What do We want !
Complex System Seamless Integration
Why CORBA ?
Object Software Bus
Design for changes
Change example : Printer
CORBA distributed polymorphism example
CORBA and Distributed Design pattern example
Procedural design versus Object design
Designing Distributed Object
31/03/03
Normalisation processes
Thales Air Traffic Management
90

Why is procedural design expensive to change ?
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#
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+ ! \" # \"
\" #
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Why is OOD easy to change ?
\" )\" #
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2\" )\"
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)\"
)\"
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Object collaboration
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Why is OOD easy to change ?
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? @
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Example 3: The problem is in the User Input
Exit Coordination State
A: NIL_EXIT_STATE,
B: FLIGHT_ACTIVATION_PROPOSAL,
C: FLIGHT_ACTIVATION_ALARM,
D: FLIGHT_ACTIVATION_CONFIRMED,
E: HANDOVER_TRANSFERED,
F: COORDINATION_TERMINATED,
G: UNKNOWN_EXIT_STATE
Enter Exit Coordination State =>
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Replace case and enum by object .
enum ExitCoordinationState {
NIL_EXIT_STATE,
FLIGHT_ACTIVATION_PROPOSAL,
FLIGHT_ACTIVATION_ALARM,
FLIGHT_ACTIVATION_CONFIRMED,
HANDOVER_TRANSFERED,
COORDINATION_TERMINATED,
UNKNOWN_EXIT_STATE
}
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Example of structural fragility : the switch
+ \" +! \" \" #
2( \" # \" #\"
\" # ! !\"
\" \" !\"
#% \" # \"E
2( ! ( \" \"\" #
( ' ( !\" \"\" # (
0 ( \" # (
\" # ( ! !\"\"
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structural switch
static void printsStatus(int status) {
switch(status) {
case NIL_EXIT_STATE :
processing 1
case FLIGHT_ACTIVATION_PROPOSAL:
processing 2
case FLIGHT_ACTIVATION_ALARM:
processing 3
case FLIGHT_ACTIVATION_CONFIRMED:
processing 4
case HANDOVER_TRANSFERED,
processing 5
case COORDINATION_TERMINATED,
processing 6
case UNKNOWN_EXIT_STATE
processing 7
}
}
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structural switch
static void flightUpdate(int status) {
switch(status) {
case NIL_EXIT_STATE :
processing 1
case FLIGHT_ACTIVATION_PROPOSAL:
processing 2
case FLIGHT_ACTIVATION_ALARM:
processing 3
case FLIGHT_ACTIVATION_CONFIRMED:
processing 4
case HANDOVER_TRANSFERED,
processing 5
case COORDINATION_TERMINATED,
processing 6
case UNKNOWN_EXIT_STATE
processing 7
}
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}
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structural switch
static void flightUpdate(int status) {
switch(status) {
case NIL_EXIT_STATE:
processing 1
case FLIGHT_ACTIVATION_PROPOSAL:
static void flightUpdate(int status) { processing 2
case FLIGHT_ACTIVATION_ALARM:
static void flightUpdate(int status) {
switch(status) { processing 3
case FLIGHT_ACTIVATION_CONFIRMED:
case NIL_EXIT_STATE : switch(status) {
processing4
processing 1 case HANDOVER_TRANSFERED,
case NIL_EXIT_STATE :
case FLIGHT_ACTIVATION_PROPOSAL: processing 5
processing 2 processing 1
case COORDINATION_TERMINATED,
case FLIGHT_ACTIVATION_PROPOSAL:
case FLIGHT_ACTIVATION_ALARM: processing 6
processing 2
processing 3 case UNKNOWN_EXIT_STATE
case FLIGHT_ACTIVATION_ALARM:
case FLIGHT_ACTIVATION_CONFIRMED: processing 7
processing 3
processing 4 }
case FLIGHT_ACTIVATION_CONFIRMED:
case HANDOVER_TRANSFERED, }
processing 5 processing 4
case HANDOVER_TRANSFERED,
case COORDINATION_TERMINATED,
processing 5
processing 6
case COORDINATION_TERMINATED,
case UNKNOWN_EXIT_STATE
processing 6
processing 7
case UNKNOWN_EXIT_STATE
}
processing 7
}
Software
}
}
Module B
Software
Module A Software
Module D
Software
Software
static void flightUpdate(int status) {
Module E
Module C
switch(status) {
static void flightUpdate(int status) {
case NIL_EXIT_STATE :
processing 1 switch(status) {
case FLIGHT_ACTIVATION_PROPOSAL:
processing 2 case NIL_EXIT_STATE :
case FLIGHT_ACTIVATION_ALARM: processing 1
processing 3 case FLIGHT_ACTIVATION_PROPOSAL:
processing 2
case FLIGHT_ACTIVATION_CONFIRMED:
case FLIGHT_ACTIVATION_ALARM:
processing 4
processing 3
case HANDOVER_TRANSFERED,
case FLIGHT_ACTIVATION_CONFIRMED:
processing 5
processing 4
case COORDINATION_TERMINATED,
case HANDOVER_TRANSFERED,
processing 6
processing 5
case UNKNOWN_EXIT_STATE case COORDINATION_TERMINATED,
processing 7 processing 6
} case UNKNOWN_EXIT_STATE
} processing 7
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}
}
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The problem space and the solution space.
!\"( \" &
0 - !\" ( \" #
( ! !\"(
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User Imput
Exit Coordination State
A: NIL_EXIT_STATE,
B: FLIGHT_ACTIVATION_PROPOSAL,
C: FLIGHT_ACTIVATION_ALARM,
D: FLIGHT_ACTIVATION_CONFIRMED,
E: HANDOVER_TRANSFERED,
F: COORDINATION_TERMINATED,
G: NewState
H: UNKNOWN_EXIT_STATE
Enter Exit Coordination State =>
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Replace case and enum by object .
enum ExitCoordinationState {
NIL_EXIT_STATE,
FLIGHT_ACTIVATION_PROPOSAL,
FLIGHT_ACTIVATION_ALARM,
FLIGHT_ACTIVATION_CONFIRMED,
HANDOVER_TRANSFERED,
COORDINATION_TERMINATED,
NewState,
UNKNOWN_EXIT_STATE
}
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structural switch
static void printsStatus(int status) {
switch(status) {
case NIL_EXIT_STATE :
processing 1
case FLIGHT_ACTIVATION_PROPOSAL:
processing 2
case FLIGHT_ACTIVATION_ALARM:
processing 3
case FLIGHT_ACTIVATION_CONFIRMED:
processing 4
case HANDOVER_TRANSFERED,
processing 5
case COORDINATION_TERMINATED,
processing 6
case New_State,
processing 7
case UNKNOWN_EXIT_STATE
processing 8
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}
}
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structural switch
static void flightUpdate(int status) {
switch(status) {
case NIL_EXIT_STATE:
processing 1
case FLIGHT_ACTIVATION_PROPOSAL:
static void flightUpdate(int status) { processing 2
case FLIGHT_ACTIVATION_ALARM:
switch(status) { processing 3
case FLIGHT_ACTIVATION_CONFIRMED:
case NIL_EXIT_STATE : processing4
processing 1 case HANDOVER_TRANSFERED,
case FLIGHT_ACTIVATION_PROPOSAL: processing 5
processing 2 static void flightUpdate(int status) {
case COORDINATION_TERMINATED,
case FLIGHT_ACTIVATION_ALARM: processing 6
processing 3 switch(status) {
case UNKNOWN_EXIT_STATE
case FLIGHT_ACTIVATION_CONFIRMED: processing 7
case NIL_EXIT_STATE :
processing 4 }
case HANDOVER_TRANSFERED, processing 1
}
processing 5 case FLIGHT_ACTIVATION_PROPOSAL:
case COORDINATION_TERMINATED, processing 2
processing 6 case FLIGHT_ACTIVATION_ALARM:
case UNKNOWN_EXIT_STATE processing 3
case FLIGHT_ACTIVATION_CONFIRMED:
processing 7
processing 4
}
case HANDOVER_TRANSFERED,
}
Software
processing 5
case COORDINATION_TERMINATED,
processing 6
case UNKNOWN_EXIT_STATE
Module B
processing 7
}
Software
}
Module A Software
Module D
Software
Software
static void flightUpdate(int status) {
Module E
Module C
switch(status) {
static void flightUpdate(int status) {
case NIL_EXIT_STATE :
processing 1 switch(status) {
case FLIGHT_ACTIVATION_PROPOSAL:
processing 2 case NIL_EXIT_STATE :
case FLIGHT_ACTIVATION_ALARM: processing 1
processing 3 case FLIGHT_ACTIVATION_PROPOSAL:
processing 2
case FLIGHT_ACTIVATION_CONFIRMED:
case FLIGHT_ACTIVATION_ALARM:
processing 4
processing 3
case HANDOVER_TRANSFERED,
case FLIGHT_ACTIVATION_CONFIRMED:
processing 5
processing 4
case COORDINATION_TERMINATED,
case HANDOVER_TRANSFERED,
processing 6
processing 5
case UNKNOWN_EXIT_STATE case COORDINATION_TERMINATED,
processing 7 processing 6
} case UNKNOWN_EXIT_STATE
}
Changes
processing 7
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}
}
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105

OOD hides the problem space
0 % \" # \" \"
)\"
3! 0
0
3!
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106

Polymorphism
Print()
Status
Client
+print()
UNKNOWN_EXI
NIL_EXIT FLIGHT_ACTIVATION FLIGHT_ACTIVATION
T_STATE
_STATE _PROPOSAL _ALARM
+ print()
+ print() + print() + print()
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107

Factory Pattern
&OLHQW Status
+print()
UNKNOWN_EXIT
NIL_EXIT FLIGHT_ACTIVATION
FLIGHT_ACTIVATION
_STATE _ALARM _STATE
_PROPOSAL
+ print() + print()
+ print() + print()
StatusFactory
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+ create()
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108

Factory Pattern
!\" ! )\" \"
\" ! )\" # (
\" # !\"\" # \"
\" ! \" )\"
+
2\" )\" % ! ! #\"
(\" \"
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109

Factory pseudo code
static Status create(int status) {
New Object
switch(status) {
case NIL_EXIT_STATE :
return status = new nil_exit_state();
break;
case FLIGHT_ACTIVATION_PROPOSAL:
return status = new flight_activation_proposal();
break;
case FLIGHT_ACTIVATION_ALARM:
return status = new flight_activation_alarm();
break;
case FLIGHT_ACTIVATION_CONFIRMED:
return status = new flight_activation_confirmed();
break;
case HANDOVER_TRANSFERED,
return status = new handover_transfered();
break;
case COORDINATION_TERMINATED,
return status = new coordination_terminated();
break;
case UNKNOWN_EXIT_STATE
return status = new unknown_exit_state();
31/03/03
}
}
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Polymorphism and changes
&OLHQW Status
+print()
No Changes
UNKNOWN_EXIT
NIL_EXIT FLIGHT_ACTIVATION FLIGHT_ACTIVATION
_STATE _PROPOSAL _ALARM _STATE
+ print()
+ print() + print() + print()
NEW_STATE
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+ print()
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111

Polymorphism and state patterns
! ( )\" ! \" \" \" # #
! (
\"\" # )\" !
+ ( !\" (
)\" \" ##
+ \" )\" \"
\"
(\"
31/03/03
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112

State Pattern (from the GoF)
31/03/03
GoF stand for Gang of Four. It refers to the famous books of Vlisside and Co.
Design Patterns: Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software.
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113

Object Programming
Stat1
2& + F
State2 State4
State5
G
+ #
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114

State Pattern
\" & )\" \"
!\" )\"
)\" & '# \"
% ! ! # ' ! \"
\" (\"
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115

Polymorphism
&OLHQW Status
+print()
UNKNOWN_EXIT
NIL_EXIT FLIGHT_ACTIVATION FLIGHT_ACTIVATION
_STATE _PROPOSAL _ALARM _STATE
+ print()
+ print() + print() + print()
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116

Polymorphism
Context
&OLHQW Status status
+print() +print()
Concrete state
UNKNOWN_EXIT
NIL_EXIT FLIGHT_ACTIVATION FLIGHT_ACTIVATION
_STATE _PROPOSAL _ALARM _STATE
+ print()
+ print() + print() + print()
31/03/03
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117

Coarse Grain Examples
& ( ' \"
\" # \" \"
\" ' # ( )\" #
& \" # &
+ ! )\" \" # )\"
31/03/03
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118

On line coordination with CORBA Objects
Status
Status
Status
Status
31/03/03
Air Traffic Control Centre
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119

CORBA use case
Can we use CORBA in Large Distributed Control
System ?
What do We want !
Complex System Seamless Integration
Why CORBA ?
Object Software Bus
Design for changes
Change example : Printer
CORBA distributed polymorphism example
CORBA and Distributed Design pattern example
Procedural design versus Object design
Designing Distributed Object
31/03/03
Normalisation processes
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120

CORBA = Coarse Grain Object
Local Object Remote Object
NO
Operation1()
Operation2()
Fine Grain Object
Operation3()
Operation4()
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121

CORBA = Coarse Grain Object
Local Object Remote Object
GroupOperation()
YES
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122

Distributed Object Patterns
Façade Remote Object
Local Object
GetRemoteObject()
H
Operation1() $\" \"
Operation2()
Operation3()
31/03/03
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123

Object By Value
Event Factory
Local Object Remote Object
$\" )\"
OBV
new
Event Type
Operation1()
Operation2()
Operation3()
31/03/03
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124

CORBA use case
Can we use CORBA in Large Distributed Control
System ?
What do We want !
Complex System Seamless Integration
Why CORBA ?
Object Software Bus
Design for changes
Change example : Printer
CORBA distributed polymorphism example
CORBA and Distributed Design pattern example
Procedural design versus Object design
Designing Distributed Object
31/03/03
Normalisation processes
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125

Separation Of Concern
Security Fault Load Transaction
Tolerance Balancing
Printer Printer Printer
Printer
31/03/03
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126

Separation Of Concern
\" \" ! (#
\" \" \" \"
\" )\"
)\"
\" )\"
\" )\"
\" \" !
\" \" )\"
\"
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127

Separation Of Concern
Fault Load
Security Transaction
Tolerance Balancing
Printer
31/03/03
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128

Separation Of Concern
Fault
Load Transaction
Security
Tolerance
Balancing
Printer
31/03/03
Thales Air Traffic Management
129

Separation Of Concern
Fault Security
Printer Load Transaction
Tolerance
Balancing
Technical
Services
Domain
Services
31/03/03
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130

Y development cycle
\"
!
$ \"#
\"
\"
1 \" !
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131

Application Lay out
\"
$ #\"
\"-
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132

Application Lay out
\"
$\" \"
#
$ #\"
\"-
\" \" -
31/03/03
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133

Application Lay out
\" \" $ #\"
\" \"
\" \"
\" \" -
\" \"
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134

Y Standardization Process
\" \" \" # !
#
\" \" ( # \" ! \"
\" \"
\" \"
0 ( ! \"% ( A
\"
31/03/03
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135

Y Standardization Process
Domain Logic Domain Technical
Patterns Patterns
Transportation DTF
31/03/03
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136