for Language Learning Esperanza Román-Mendoza George Mason University eromanme @gmu.edu http://eroman.wordpress.com Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität Greifswald January 12, 2009

Contents Introduction to Moodle Open source learning management platform Flexibility, modularity, adjustability Integration with other tools Pedagogical Issues Approaches to learning E-Language Learning Tools Optimization of Resources: Stages in Moodle Integration

Introduction to Moodle

Open source learning management platform

Flexibility, modularity, adjustability

Integration with other tools

Pedagogical Issues

Approaches to learning

E-Language Learning

Tools

Optimization of Resources: Stages in Moodle Integration

What is Moodle Modular Object Oriented Dynamic Learning Environment Freely-available learning management system Used by 70 million people in around 200 countries Supports over 70 languages Scaffolding-ready (modular, dynamic, flexible, adjustable, compatible, template-based system)

Modular Object Oriented Dynamic Learning Environment

Freely-available learning management system

Used by 70 million people in around 200 countries

Supports over 70 languages

Scaffolding-ready (modular, dynamic, flexible, adjustable, compatible, template-based system)

Learning Management Systems Ease in publishing online materials without extensive knowledge of HTML. Ease in creating quizzes, surveys, and other activities with immediate scoring and feedback without knowledge of programming. Easy registration for students. Ease of management of password-protected access to the course. Ease in creation of asynchronous fora. Automatic recording of synchronous chats. Layout consistency throughout the course. Integrated tracking and monitoring capabilities. (Rom án-Mendoza, 2001)

Ease in publishing online materials without extensive knowledge of HTML.

Ease in creating quizzes, surveys, and other activities with immediate scoring and feedback without knowledge of programming.

Easy registration for students.

Ease of management of password-protected access to the course.

Ease in creation of asynchronous fora.

Automatic recording of synchronous chats.

Layout consistency throughout the course.

Integrated tracking and monitoring capabilities.

(Rom án-Mendoza, 2001)

Most Frequent Uses of Moodle Repository of learning materials, pedagogical resources and announcements Notes and materials written by the teacher Access to external information (textual, audiovisual, etc.) Space for students to upload materials Testing space Space for communication and collaboration

Repository of learning materials, pedagogical resources and announcements

Notes and materials written by the teacher

Access to external information (textual, audiovisual, etc.)

Space for students to upload materials

Testing space

Space for communication and collaboration

Preliminary Pedagogical Issues I Student technical skills / class size How familiar are my students with the tool(s) I want to use? Which skills do my students need for my course? Where can I send them to get those skills? How much instruction will my students need to master the tool I plan to implement? How many students are in my class? How many students have Internet access from home? How often do they access the Internet?

Student technical skills / class size

How familiar are my students with the tool(s) I want to use?

Which skills do my students need for my course? Where can I send them to get those skills?

How much instruction will my students need to master the tool I plan to implement?

How many students are in my class? How many students have Internet access from home? How often do they access the Internet?

Preliminary Pedagogical Issues II Course content How are online contents going to be related to my class? Read/comment on something before class. Read/comment on something after class. Read/comment on something in the class. What type of group work is appropriate for my class? What kinds of group projects are appropriate for a web-based (or blended) course?

Course content

How are online contents going to be related to my class?

Read/comment on something before class.

Read/comment on something after class.

Read/comment on something in the class.

What type of group work is appropriate for my class? What kinds of group projects are appropriate for a web-based (or blended) course?

Preliminary Pedagogical Issues III Student participation Am I going to encourage or require participation in on-line activities? How often is student participation required? Do activities promote student-to-student interaction? or Do activities only promote student-to-teacher interaction?

Student participation

Am I going to encourage or require participation in on-line activities?

How often is student participation required?

Do activities promote student-to-student interaction? or

Do activities only promote student-to-teacher interaction?

Preliminary Pedagogical Issues IV Teacher participation Do I want to spend one class with students showing them how to use the tools? Are the instructions I am providing students clear enough? Are they too long? How often am I realistically going to be able to read student postings? What kind of feedback am I going to give my students? Am I using the right tool for what I intend to do?

Teacher participation

Do I want to spend one class with students showing them how to use the tools?

Are the instructions I am providing students clear enough? Are they too long?

How often am I realistically going to be able to read student postings?

What kind of feedback am I going to give my students?

Am I using the right tool for what I intend to do?

Approaches to Learning Constructivism and social constructivism Vygotsky (1978) Defensive versus expansive learning Grotluschen (2005) Holzkampf (1993) Woodtli (2008) Connectivism Siemens (2004 and many others) Connected learning Downes (see list of publications in his website)

Constructivism and social constructivism

Vygotsky (1978)

Defensive versus expansive learning

Grotluschen (2005)

Holzkampf (1993)

Woodtli (2008)

Connectivism

Siemens (2004 and many others)

Connected learning

Downes (see list of publications in his website)

Social constructivism: All cognitive functions originate in, and must therefore be explained as products of, social interactions and [...] learning is not simply the assimilation and accommodation of new knowledge by learners; it is the process by which learners are integrated into a knowledge community. (Vygotsky, 1997, following http ://gsi.berkeley.edu/resources/learning/social.html )

Expansiv: Ich lerne, weil ich das zu Lernende als inhaltlich für mich selbst relevant, nützlich oder wissenswert betrachte und um meine Handlungsmöglichkeiten erweitern zu können. (Woodtli, 2008)

Learning is a process that occurs within nebulous environments of shifting core elements – not entirely under the control of the individual. Learning (defined as actionable knowledge) can reside outside of ourselves (within an organization or a database), is focused on connecting specialized information sets, and the connections that enable us to learn more are more important than our current state of knowing. Siemens (2004)

The knowledge is not in any given individual, but it's a property of the network as a whole. Downes (2007)

E-Language Learning Best Practices Productive Informative Collaborative Communicative Aggregrative (Source: PICCA best practices model in e-language learning. Chinnery, 2008)

Productive

Informative

Collaborative

Communicative

Aggregrative

(Source: PICCA best practices model in e-language learning. Chinnery, 2008)

Moodle Tools and Navigation

Tools Assignment Forum Resource Lesson Chat Wiki Blog Quiz RSS Module Workshop Glossary SCORM Calendar Choice Survey Database External Module Journal Examples: http://www.desarollo.org/moodle/course/view.php?id=2

Assignment

Forum

Resource

Lesson

Chat

Wiki

Blog

Quiz

RSS Module

Workshop

Glossary

SCORM

Calendar

Choice

Survey

Database

External Module

Journal

Stages in Moodle Integration Source for this and following slides: Four Stage eLearning Professional Development Plan by Deemor, Dougiamas, Marchant and Meyers. http://eteachingpd.wikispaces.com/ - Uploading of resources and documents - Passive use of forums Stage 1: Survival (Teacher-centred; instructionism)

Stages in Moodle Integration - Quizzes and assignments that relate with other previous or follow-up activities (preparation for class, homework, etc.) and that result in a better management of face-to-face interactions. Students contribute with resources and create content via blogs, wikis, etc. Active use of forums. Students contribute with meaningful comments and postings. Students may act as forum moderators. Stage 2: On Track (Student-centred; constructivism)

- Quizzes and assignments that relate with other previous or follow-up activities (preparation for class, homework, etc.) and that result in a better management of face-to-face interactions.

Students contribute with resources and create content via blogs, wikis, etc.

Active use of forums. Students contribute with meaningful comments and postings. Students may act as forum moderators.

Stages in Moodle Integration - Combine activities into sequences. Combine online activities with face-to-face interactions. Critical thinking activities Students evaluate learning process formatively and summatively. Stage 3: Going Deeper (Student-centred; constructivism, cognitive)

- Combine activities into sequences.

Combine online activities with face-to-face interactions.

Critical thinking activities

Students evaluate learning process formatively and summatively.

Stages in Moodle Integration - Peer-review, group learning, project-based group learning. Develop communities of practice. Develop authentic tasks related to the community. Teachers evaluate and reflect on their own teaching. Stage 4: Planning Ahead (social constructivism, connectivism)

- Peer-review, group learning, project-based group learning.

Develop communities of practice.

Develop authentic tasks related to the community.

Teachers evaluate and reflect on their own teaching.

Moodle course

Hotpotatoes integration

Moodle course

Glossary

References Chinnery, G. M. (2008). Biting the hand that feeds me: The case for e-language learning and teaching. CALICO Journal, 25 (3), 471-482 Deemor, S, Dougiamas, M., Marchant, V. and Meyers, W. (2008). Four Stage eLearning Professional Development Plan. http://eteachingpd.wikispaces.com/ Downes, S. (various dates). Articles. http ://www.downes.ca/me/articles.htm Grotluschen, A. (2005). Learning: Benefits and Limitations of Subject-Scientific Learning Theory. Holzkamp, K. (1993). Lernen. Subjektwissenschaftliche Grundlegung . Frankfurt a. M., Nueva York. Lasic, T. (2008, Sept). What is Moodle explained with Lego. http://www.slideshare.net/moodlefan/what-is-moodle-explained-with-lego-presentation/ Rom án-Mendoza, E. (in print). “RSS and Social Personalized Start Pages: Optimizing E-language Learning through Content Syndication, in Anderson, L & Lord, G . Second Generation CALL .

Chinnery, G. M. (2008). Biting the hand that feeds me: The case for e-language learning and teaching. CALICO Journal, 25 (3), 471-482

Deemor, S, Dougiamas, M., Marchant, V. and Meyers, W. (2008). Four Stage eLearning Professional Development Plan. http://eteachingpd.wikispaces.com/

Downes, S. (various dates). Articles. http ://www.downes.ca/me/articles.htm

Grotluschen, A. (2005). Learning: Benefits and Limitations of Subject-Scientific Learning Theory.

Holzkamp, K. (1993). Lernen. Subjektwissenschaftliche Grundlegung . Frankfurt a. M., Nueva York.

Lasic, T. (2008, Sept). What is Moodle explained with Lego. http://www.slideshare.net/moodlefan/what-is-moodle-explained-with-lego-presentation/

Rom án-Mendoza, E. (in print). “RSS and Social Personalized Start Pages: Optimizing E-language Learning through Content Syndication, in Anderson, L & Lord, G . Second Generation CALL .

References Rom án-Mendoza, E. “Web-based Instructional Environments: Tools and Techniques for Effective Second Language Acquisition,” in Cantos, P. and Pérez, P. (Eds.): New Trends in Computer Assisted Language Teaching/Learning . International Journal of English Studies. Monograph Issue 11.1. Murcia: Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Murcia (2002): 33-60. Siemens, G. (2004). A Learning Theory for the Digital Age. http://www.elearnspace.org/Articles/connectivism.htm Vygotsky, L. (1978). Mind in Society. London: Harvard University Press. Woodtli, M. (2008). MoodleMythen. http://moodle.elearn.ch/mod/resource/view.php?id=5513

Rom án-Mendoza, E. “Web-based Instructional Environments: Tools and Techniques for Effective Second Language Acquisition,” in Cantos, P. and Pérez, P. (Eds.): New Trends in Computer Assisted Language Teaching/Learning . International Journal of English Studies. Monograph Issue 11.1. Murcia: Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Murcia (2002): 33-60.

Siemens, G. (2004). A Learning Theory for the Digital Age. http://www.elearnspace.org/Articles/connectivism.htm

Vygotsky, L. (1978). Mind in Society. London: Harvard University Press.

Woodtli, M. (2008). MoodleMythen. http://moodle.elearn.ch/mod/resource/view.php?id=5513

If you want to learn more… Books and manuals Cole, J. & Foster, H. Using Moodle - Teaching with the Popular Open Source Course Management System. 2 nd Ed. http://download.moodle.org/download.php/docs/en/using_moodle_2e.zip More manuals: http://docs.moodle.org/en/Moodle_manuals (EN), http://download.moodle.org/docs/es/teacher-manual-es.pdf (ES), http://download.moodle.org/docs/it/teacher-manual-it.pdf (IT) Blake, R. & Chun, D. (2008). Brave New Digital Classroom: Technology and Foreign Language Learning . Georgetown University Press Rice, W. (2007). Moodle Teaching Techniques: Creative Ways to Use Moodle for Constructing Online Learning Solutions . Packt Publishing Rice, W. (2008). Moodle 1.9 E-Learning Course Development: A complete guide to successful learning using Moodle . Packt Publishing (review of this book at http://www.phpclasses.org/reviews/id/1847193536.html )

Books and manuals

Cole, J. & Foster, H. Using Moodle - Teaching with the Popular Open Source Course Management System. 2 nd Ed. http://download.moodle.org/download.php/docs/en/using_moodle_2e.zip

More manuals: http://docs.moodle.org/en/Moodle_manuals (EN), http://download.moodle.org/docs/es/teacher-manual-es.pdf (ES), http://download.moodle.org/docs/it/teacher-manual-it.pdf (IT)

Blake, R. & Chun, D. (2008). Brave New Digital Classroom: Technology and Foreign Language Learning . Georgetown University Press

Rice, W. (2007). Moodle Teaching Techniques: Creative Ways to Use Moodle for Constructing Online Learning Solutions . Packt Publishing

Rice, W. (2008). Moodle 1.9 E-Learning Course Development: A complete guide to successful learning using Moodle . Packt Publishing (review of this book at http://www.phpclasses.org/reviews/id/1847193536.html )

If you want to learn more… Articles Introductory articles with examples: Robb, T. (2004). Moodle: A virtual learning environment for the rest of us. TESL-EJ, 8 (2), 1-8. http://tesl-ej.org/ej30/m2.html Brandl, K. (2005). Are you ready to Moodle? Language Learning and Technology, 9 (2), 16-23. http://llt.msu.edu/vol9num2/review1/ Hinkelman, D. & Grose, T. (2004). Placement Testing and Audio Quiz-Making with Open Source Software. Proceedings of CLaSIC 2004 . http:// paccall.org/Journal/V-1-1-papers/Hinkelman-Grose-Placement-testing.pdf Blended learning Blake, R., Wilson, N., Cetto, M. & Pardo-Ballester, C. (2008). Measuring oral proficiency in distance, face-to-face and blended classrooms. Language Learning and Technology, 12 (3), 114/127. http://llt.msu.edu/vol12num3/blakeetal.pdf Comparisons Munoz, K. & Duzer, J. van (2005). Blackboard vs. Moodle A Comparison of Satisfaction with Online Teaching and Learning Tools. http://www.humboldt.edu/~jdv1/moodle/all.htm

Articles

Introductory articles with examples:

Robb, T. (2004). Moodle: A virtual learning environment for the rest of us. TESL-EJ, 8 (2), 1-8. http://tesl-ej.org/ej30/m2.html

Brandl, K. (2005). Are you ready to Moodle? Language Learning and Technology, 9 (2), 16-23. http://llt.msu.edu/vol9num2/review1/

Hinkelman, D. & Grose, T. (2004). Placement Testing and Audio Quiz-Making with Open Source Software. Proceedings of CLaSIC 2004 . http:// paccall.org/Journal/V-1-1-papers/Hinkelman-Grose-Placement-testing.pdf

Blended learning

Blake, R., Wilson, N., Cetto, M. & Pardo-Ballester, C. (2008). Measuring oral proficiency in distance, face-to-face and blended classrooms. Language Learning and Technology, 12 (3), 114/127. http://llt.msu.edu/vol12num3/blakeetal.pdf

Comparisons

Munoz, K. & Duzer, J. van (2005). Blackboard vs. Moodle A Comparison of Satisfaction with Online Teaching and Learning Tools. http://www.humboldt.edu/~jdv1/moodle/all.htm

If you want to learn more… Delicious tags By Max Woodtli: http://delicious.com/mwoodtli/moodle (many in German) Tagged with “moodle” by all Delicious users: http://delicious.com/search?p=moodle&u=&chk=&context=main&fr=del_icio_us&lc=0 Blogs The Moodleman Blog. http://www.moodleman.net/ Open Education. http://www.openeducation.net/ Elearnblog. http://www.elearn.ch/blog/ (in German) Noticiasmoodle. http://www.noticiasmoodle.com/ (in Spanish) Websites Moodle Schule. http://moodleschule.de/ (in German) Moodle Icons. http://aiken.moodlerooms.com/wb/pages/academics/moodle/training/moodle-course/moodle-icons.php

Delicious tags

By Max Woodtli: http://delicious.com/mwoodtli/moodle (many in German)

Tagged with “moodle” by all Delicious users: http://delicious.com/search?p=moodle&u=&chk=&context=main&fr=del_icio_us&lc=0

Blogs

The Moodleman Blog. http://www.moodleman.net/

Open Education. http://www.openeducation.net/

Elearnblog. http://www.elearn.ch/blog/ (in German)

Noticiasmoodle. http://www.noticiasmoodle.com/ (in Spanish)

Websites

Moodle Schule. http://moodleschule.de/ (in German)

Moodle Icons. http://aiken.moodlerooms.com/wb/pages/academics/moodle/training/moodle-course/moodle-icons.php

If you want to learn more… Videos and animations How to… (integrate different tools in Moodle) http ://www.sre.urv.es/moodleviewlets/ (in Spanish and Catalan) The Basics of Using Forums in Moodle. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pWoO5noWSPQ Uploading files in Moodle. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GG4Wetgkwuk MoodleMythen by M. Woodtli. http://moodle.elearn.ch/mod/resource/view.php?id=5591 and http://moodle.elearn.ch/mod/resource/view.php?id=5592

Videos and animations

How to… (integrate different tools in Moodle) http ://www.sre.urv.es/moodleviewlets/ (in Spanish and Catalan)

The Basics of Using Forums in Moodle. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pWoO5noWSPQ

Uploading files in Moodle. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GG4Wetgkwuk

MoodleMythen by M. Woodtli. http://moodle.elearn.ch/mod/resource/view.php?id=5591 and http://moodle.elearn.ch/mod/resource/view.php?id=5592

If you want to learn more… Presentations Moore, M. (2006, July). Use Your Noodle - Learn Moodle! http://center.uoregon.edu/ISTE/uploads/NECC2006/KEY_24365333/Moore_MoodleslideshowJuly2006.pdf Lasic, T. (2008, Sept). What is Moodle explained with LEGO. http://www.slideshare.net/moodlefan/what-is-moodle-explained-with-lego-presentation/ Ridden, J. (various dates). http://www.slideshare.net/moodleman/ Ronkowitz, K. (2006). Moodle. An Open Source Learning Management System. http ://www.slideshare.net/ronko4/moodle-a-free-learning-management-system

Presentations

Moore, M. (2006, July). Use Your Noodle - Learn Moodle! http://center.uoregon.edu/ISTE/uploads/NECC2006/KEY_24365333/Moore_MoodleslideshowJuly2006.pdf

Lasic, T. (2008, Sept). What is Moodle explained with LEGO. http://www.slideshare.net/moodlefan/what-is-moodle-explained-with-lego-presentation/

Ridden, J. (various dates). http://www.slideshare.net/moodleman/

Ronkowitz, K. (2006). Moodle. An Open Source Learning Management System. http ://www.slideshare.net/ronko4/moodle-a-free-learning-management-system

If you want to learn more… Moodle.org Docs Lernaktivitäten (Abstimmung, Aufgabe, Chat, Datenbank, Forum, Glossar, Hot Potatoes, Test, Umfrage, Wiki, etc.) http://docs.moodle.org/de/Lernaktivit%C3%A4ten Arbeitsmaterialien (Textseiten, Links, etc.) http://docs.moodle.org/de/Arbeitsmaterialien Index aller Seiten über Moodle 1.9 http://docs.moodle.org/de/Kategorie:Moodle_1.9

Moodle.org Docs

Lernaktivitäten (Abstimmung, Aufgabe, Chat, Datenbank, Forum, Glossar, Hot Potatoes, Test, Umfrage, Wiki, etc.) http://docs.moodle.org/de/Lernaktivit%C3%A4ten

Arbeitsmaterialien (Textseiten, Links, etc.) http://docs.moodle.org/de/Arbeitsmaterialien

Index aller Seiten über Moodle 1.9 http://docs.moodle.org/de/Kategorie:Moodle_1.9

If you want to learn more… Moodle courses Moodle for language teaching. http://moodle.org/course/view.php?id=31 . Discussion forum contains many ideas on what Moodle modules are most useful in language learning. Moodle, un laboratoire multimédia ouvert sur le mondee. http://moodlemoot2008.vet-nantes.fr/moodle/course/view.php?id=20 (Spanish course. Hotpotatoes in Moodle). La subordination de l'enseignement aux apprentissages: Est-ce possible en FOAD? http://moodlemoot2008.vet-nantes.fr/moodle/course/view.php?id=29 (English course for French students). Moodle Demo Course. http://demo.moodle.org/login/index.php (allows for loging as a guest, author, administrator and student).

Moodle courses

Moodle for language teaching. http://moodle.org/course/view.php?id=31 . Discussion forum contains many ideas on what Moodle modules are most useful in language learning.

Moodle, un laboratoire multimédia ouvert sur le mondee. http://moodlemoot2008.vet-nantes.fr/moodle/course/view.php?id=20 (Spanish course. Hotpotatoes in Moodle).

La subordination de l'enseignement aux apprentissages: Est-ce possible en FOAD? http://moodlemoot2008.vet-nantes.fr/moodle/course/view.php?id=29 (English course for French students).

Moodle Demo Course. http://demo.moodle.org/login/index.php (allows for loging as a guest, author, administrator and student).