EYCI Why ? Prof. Karlheinz Brandenburg Ilmenau Technical University & Fraunhofer IDMT Brussels, 21.4.2009

Why ?

Prof. Karlheinz Brandenburg

Ilmenau Technical University & Fraunhofer IDMT

Brussels, 21.4.2009

Why ask why ? Innovation is driven by inventions Inventions are driven by curiosity Children are curious, we need to stay that way Engineer's wisdom: If something does not work, find out why

Innovation is driven by inventions

Inventions are driven by curiosity

Children are curious, we need to stay that way

Engineer's wisdom: If something does not work, find out why

Why myself ? Once upon a time … (for me it still feels like a fairy tale) Engineers always have to find new and surprising answers: If they succeed, we call it an invention I was the lucky guy to proof that my professor was right and a patent examiner had no idea So now everybody thinks I can tell them how to do the same again 

Once upon a time … (for me it still feels like a fairy tale)

Engineers always have to find new and surprising answers: If they succeed, we call it an invention

I was the lucky guy to proof that my professor was right and a patent examiner had no idea

So now everybody thinks I can tell them how to do the same again 

Why the success of mp3 ? A German journalist wrote: “ Key factors for the success of the Erlangen team have been vision, overtime effort and stubbornness .” I would add luck as something you always need in addition.

A German journalist wrote:

“ Key factors for the success of the Erlangen team have been

vision,

overtime effort and

stubbornness .”

I would add luck as something you always need in addition.

Early years of audio coding research in Erlangen Dreams in 1982: Dieter Seitzer: We should use ISDN to transmit music An anonymous patent examiner: “There is no high fidelity music at 128 kbit/s” There was coding of pictures, video, speech, but not of high quality audio signals Digital Audio Broadcast needed high quality, low bit-rate audio Start of work at Erlangen University and Fraunhofer IIS (and other places at the same time)

Dreams in 1982:

Dieter Seitzer: We should use ISDN to transmit music

An anonymous patent examiner: “There is no high fidelity music at 128 kbit/s”

There was coding of pictures, video, speech, but not of high quality audio signals

Digital Audio Broadcast needed high quality, low bit-rate audio

Start of work at Erlangen University and Fraunhofer IIS (and other places at the same time)

LC-ATC 1987

Standardization and first products 1988: MPEG starts soliciting proposals for video Dec., 1988: oops, we need audio compression 1989 to 1991: fierce competition Two consortia, one with IRT (Munich), one with Fraunhofer (Erlangen) Everybody has some advantage 1992: MPEG-1 audio gets three modes Layer 1: DCC Layer 2: DAB, DVB, CD-I Layer 3: feeding audio over ISDN

1988: MPEG starts soliciting proposals for video

Dec., 1988: oops, we need audio compression

1989 to 1991: fierce competition

Two consortia, one with IRT (Munich), one with Fraunhofer (Erlangen)

Everybody has some advantage

1992: MPEG-1 audio gets three modes

Layer 1: DCC

Layer 2: DAB, DVB, CD-I

Layer 3: feeding audio over ISDN

Marketing the Internet way: 1994: nearly no licensees for the technology 1995: Winplay3 Demo, Name mp3 (14.7.95) Registration codes are spread l3enc / l3dec not meant for consumers IUMA has music using Layer-2 Macromedia licenses Layer-3 1996: Students write other decoders First license to Microsoft 1997: A stolen mp3 encoder can be found widely mp3.com starts

1994: nearly no licensees for the technology

1995:

Winplay3 Demo, Name mp3 (14.7.95)

Registration codes are spread

l3enc / l3dec not meant for consumers

IUMA has music using Layer-2

Macromedia licenses Layer-3

1996:

Students write other decoders

First license to Microsoft

1997:

A stolen mp3 encoder can be found widely

mp3.com starts

Internet pirates and the music industry First mp3 web sites end 1996 / early 1997 Summer 1997: legal action by the RIAA, big report in USA Today This leads to: more pirates Diamond annouces the Rio PMP300 (first mp3-player to be sold in stores) in summer of 1998 Fall of 1998: legal action by the RIAA The RIAA looses at court This leads to: more pirates End of 1999: Napster starts ... 2003: Apple announces the ITunes music shop

First mp3 web sites end 1996 / early 1997

Summer 1997: legal action by the RIAA, big report in USA Today

This leads to: more pirates

Diamond annouces the Rio PMP300 (first mp3-player to be sold in stores) in summer of 1998

Fall of 1998: legal action by the RIAA

The RIAA looses at court

This leads to: more pirates

End of 1999: Napster starts ...

2003: Apple announces the ITunes music shop

Why an EYCI ? The more problems we have, the more solutions we need Everybody needs to be creative “ Give priority to the future, not the past” It does not sound like it is necessary to repeat this over and over again, but it is: We do need fresh ideas !!

The more problems we have, the more solutions we need

Everybody needs to be creative

“ Give priority to the future, not the past”

It does not sound like it is necessary to repeat this over and over again, but it is:

We do need fresh ideas !!