Mobile Innovations and Evolutions in Education Ecosystem

Mobile Innovations and
Evolution in the Education Ecosystem
Paul Kim
Chief Technology Officer
Assistant Dean
Stanford University
School of Education
phkim@stanford.edu

All living things evolve...
So do thoughts, values, practices, organizations, etc. Therefore, evolution is everywhere around us.
Let’s study some basic terms first.

http://www.flickr.com/photos/alfredoliverani-stamps/4174269905/sizes/z/in/photostream/
Darwin (1859) proposed the idea that organisms adapt and evolve through natural selection, creating particular ecological niches and eventually resulting in the emergence of new species.

Natural Selection
New change is introduced to the ecosystem.
Predator is part of the ecosystem and it is certainly part of the environment the species interact with.
No change means extinction. Better species = More competitive service, product, delivery, etc.
http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/article//evo_39

Artificial Selection Interactions and Influences
Natural selection => Responsive or reactive
Artificial selection processes within
organizations, models, etc. = Initiative or proactive
Try out and see what works better or becomes better;
Identify best practices and eliminate
bad features or procedures; keep what work best;
and scale up your model.
You cannot expect a change if you just think
about it and never try.
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a7/Cornselection.jpg

A business or industry, as a living organism, often must evolve (i.e., to overcome or even leverage changes) in order to seek higher efficiencies and ensure itslong-term sustainability (Kim, 2010).

Let’s look at some evolution examples from the industries.

Evolving at a slower clock speed
Boeing 747-100
1969
Take off…
Land…
The same way
No faster
Boeing 747-200
1976
Boeing 747-400
1989
Value priority
Ticket Price
Operation Cost
Profitable Routes
Boeing 777-300
1994

1981
Call
Text message
Take photo
Edit video
Browse
Mobinar
Do whatever
Value priority
Expansion and Quality
of User Experience
When ICT is the main driver of evolution = faster clock speed

What can we learn?
If the external evolution rate exceeds the internal evolution rate, extinction is eminent.
Adapt to the changing rules of the game. Or die out.
We know it, but the knowing and doing gap abounds.
Many organizations are not good at evolving because they are busy putting out daily fires.
Organizational change requires organizational cohesion through value alignment.
Everyone is appreciating the same value.)

Education Ecosystem
New species

MYSPACE for Grand Canyon University - From “almost closing down status” in 2001. (1949-2003 / 2004-2010)
Making it the first for-profit Christian college in the United States. IPO NASDAQ in 2008. As of Dec. 2009: 37,000.
Major genetic mutation occurred in 2003: non-profit to for-profit. Hybrid: on-ground and online. Joined the major league http://finance.yahoo.com/

Founded in 1996
Completely online. Started as non-profit and received accreditation in 2003.
9000 students. 95% advanced degree seeking students. One 3-story building in the middle of desert in Arizona.
Going for organic growth.

Where are all the traditional university features?

Commoncharacteristics of emerging universities
Convenient access (FlexNet, ALL-LINE)
21st Century ERP system
(Tightly measure all performance indicators. CRM - every interaction matters.)
Unbundled faculty roles
Cloud services (Plug-n-Play) – buildings, online library DB, admission, writing support center, IT support, everything that are not core competencies / Faculty contract by course – highly disintegrated model
Dynamically meeting the market needs

DIY U: Edupunks, Edupreneurs and the Coming Transformation of Higher Education
It’s a story about the communities of visionaries who are using new technologies to bring us a revolution in higher learning that is affordable, accessible, and learner-centered.

What’s for sure?
Although the clock speed is still slow, more artificial selections to be made in the education ecosystem.

Another interesting phenomenon in the education ecosystem.

http://twulibrarynews.blogspot.com/2007_05_01_archive.html /http://www.istockphoto.com/stock-photo-5032663-exam-bubble-sheet-with-pencil.php
http://ismartboard.com/

http://studenthacks.org/category/study-help/

http://www.wired.com/gadgetlab/2009/04/iphonestanford/

Student Generated Inquiries inMobiSocialLearning Environment

Mobile Technology for
Innovative, Inclusive, Integrative, & International
Education Ecosystem.

POMI 2020Programmable Open Mobile Internet
The Stanford Clean Slate Programhttp://cleanslate.stanford.edu

33
Stanford Faculty Team
Education
Applications
Paul Kim
HCI
Scott Klemmer
Security
Dan Boneh
John Mitchell
Languages
Monica Lam
Distributed Systems
David Mazieres
Phil Levis
OS
Mendel Rosenblum
Architecture
Christos Kozyrakis
Economics
Ramesh Johari
Guru Parulkar
Nick McKeown
Networking
Fouad Tobagi
Andrea Goldsmith
Radio
Arogyaswami Paulraj

Global Partnership
CETYS Universidad, Mexico
Last Alliance
Strike The Mouse

Migrant indigenous children from Oaxaca mountain regions

PocketSchool for those who have no access to school
StoryReader coupled with paper stories!

Do you believe sesame street was helpful for children to learn?
How about mobile sesame street? More important matter is that smartphones of today are going to be much better than just mobile sesame street.
Never owned a book in his life.

Pocket school: Exploring mobile technology as a sustainable literacy education option for underserved children in Latin America. International Journal of Educational Development. 28(4), pp. 435-445.
An action research for the development of mobile learning system for the underserved.
Educational Technology Research & Development. 57(3), pp. 415-435.

Socioeconomic Strata, Mobile Technology, & Education: A comparative Analysis.
Educational Technology Research & Development (DOI: 10.1007/s11423-010-9172-3.

Global Partnership
Universidad Technologia, El Salvador

Global Partnership
Universidad Technologia, El Salvador
MrsErlindaHándal Vega
Vice Minister of Science & Technology

Global Partnership
BIRZEIT University, Palestine

No computer no Internet No Library
Extremely underserved school
2hr/day electricity.
ardto receive external aids

Mrs. Lamis Al-Alami
Minister of Education

Digital storytelling among Israeli and Palestinian Children in the Era of Mobile Innovation. (To appear in Educational Media and Technology Yearbook, Volume 36.)
Creativity Gap in the Global Era: Using Mobile Devices to Assess and Develop Critical Thinking Skills Among Palestinian Youth. (Forth coming).

Global Partnership
Tumba College of Technology, Rwanda
Civic engagement, Genocide victims with HIV/AIDS/ Micro-business-based women empowerment / Entrepreneurship & Mobile Storytelling
Dr. Gatare
Minister of ICT

49
Raising HIV Awareness
Counter the mis-conception
Competition game based
Learning HIV/AIDS & Track
Learning entrepreneurship
49

Content Management and Tracking System
52

PocketSchool
Do you remember why pocket-size mobile technology is different from desktop or even notebook computers?

Portability
Less electricity consumption
Ease of implementation
Ease of maintenance
Performance tracking
Individualized intervention
The list goes on…

Contextualized innovation vs. Reverse innovation - Much more energy efficient device. Alternative energy option for developing countries is green ideas for developed countries. Must be game-based/ activity-based in developing countries.

Value-centeredEducation Ecosystem
Service Learning Model
Relevant and Meaningful Experiences for everyone
Global Partnership for Global Causes
Sustainable Education Ecosystem

Mobile technology makes a bottom up approach actually possible.
Easier to implement in a much shorter time.
Leverage widely available cellular networks.
Equalize access to educational development opportunities for all.
Strategic value alignment to cause evolution in the education ecosystem (University students + Faculty + Children + Real world problems )

Really?
For all?
At least we are trying our best…

Alberto in a rural village school in
Baja California, Mexico
“I want to study with the
mobile computer, too!”
Mobile Exam and Audio Games for
the blind. (Dominican Republic)
We always look for partners!

From device recognition to problem solving through collaborations.
Response tracking log

ROSE Series – specifically covering scientific phenomena
linked to climate change, alternative energy, and natural disasters.

Last-mile education solution
PSILAN
on a Plug computer
Competition games
Mobile learning assessment
68

69
Night time off-peak hours
Day time peak hours

Remotely Operated Science Experiment - A new approach to supplement real-time collaboration and online learning. (Forth coming).
Stanford Mobile Inquiry-based Learning Environment (SMILE): using mobile phones to promote student inquires in the elementary classroom. (To appear in the Proceedings of World Congress in Computer Science, Computer Engineering, and Applied Computing. July, 2011)

Exploration of a Self-Directed Mobile Learning Model for the Extremely Underserved Communities. (International Journal of Educational Development. 10.1016/j.ijedudev.2011.05.008).
PocketSchool Interactive Learning Ad-hoc Network and HIV/AIDS Education in the Developing Region. (Forth coming).

What have I learned about sustainability?

21st Century Value-Centered Education Ecosystem
ANSWERS “WHY?”
Shared peace & prosperity, mental & physical wellbeing, unity (Afghan refugee, Uganda refugee, Nomadic Indian tribes, HIV/AIDS victims of the genocide, children in Qalqylya, Palestine, students with disabilities, Ashram Ghandi, etc.
MOTIVATE CONSTITUENCIES
IGNITE PASSION
VALUE
NURTURE
CATALYZE
APPLICABLE
PEDAGOGY
CONTENT
CONTEXTUALIZED
ENABLING AGENT
TECHNOLOGY
NEW POSSIBILITIES
Must continue to evolve
VCEE

The Future is Here; It's Just Not Widely Distributed, Yet.
- William Gibson
The Future is Not Widely Distributed. Therefore, It is Not Here, Yet.
- Paul Kim

Evolution never stops. Life is just a dash.
What will you cause in your life?

Let’s remember Dr. Kim Foreman, Professor of Education, San Francisco State University,
who died on a jungle road while striving to educate and empower future leaders of Rwanda

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