Statsbygg : Using BIM technology in analysing the eco-footprint of new buildings

Using BIM technology in analysing the eco-footprint of new buildings Bjørne Grimsrud Head of the R & D Department The Norwegian Public Construction and Property Management

Statsbygg acts on behalf of the Norwegian government as property manager and advisor in construction and property affairs.  Property Management Statsbygg manages approx. 2,6 million m2 of floor space, in Norway and abroad. (annual turnover apx € 400 million)  Construction In total Statsbygg’s annual building budget is approx. NOK 3 billion. (apx.€ 400 million)  Consultancy Statsbygg offers consultancy and assistance in civil engineering and technical matters to ministries and other governmental organisations. 2 A presentation by Statsbygg

Building Information Modelling  Building Information Modelling (BIM) is the process of generating and managing building data during its life cycle.  Typically it uses three-dimensional, real-time, dynamic building modelling software to increase productivity in building design and construction.  The process produces the Building Information Model (also abbreviated BIM), which encompasses building geometry, spatial relationships, geographic information, and quantities and properties of building components 3 A presentation by Statsbygg

Laws and regulations CAD software -Building regulations -Drawings, calculations -Building specifications -Architect, engineer,… VRML Knowledge databases -Visualisation, 3D models -Best practise knowledge -Own practice Simulations Indicates that: Briefing -Comfort -Ventilation, heating -Life cycle cost •Information is round tripping -Functional req. -Light, sound -Estimates -Insulation -Conditions -Fire, usage •That you can work with partial models -Requirements -Environment -Life time predictions -Rebuild (extract/enrich/upload) Demolition, refurbishment -Demolition •The information is software independent -Restoration •Business processes happens in a sequence Facility management -Letting, sale, operations -Maintenance Specifications -Guaranties -Specification sheets -Classification standards Construction management -Estimates, accounting -Scheduling Procurement -Logistics, 4D -Product databases Lars Bjørkhaug, Norwegian Building -Price databases Research Institute Illustrations by : Byggforsk, Olof Granlund, NBLN University of California, Stanford University En presentasjon av Statsbygg

Interoperability through standards ) ) 6-3 ID 6-4 M 00 92 (IS 12 15 O O OA O TC (IS (IS 59 SIS y rar L S RD DE C1 Lib X 3) IFD ISO 10303-203, 209, 212, 214, 239, ASD 9300-110 IFC (ISO 16739) y log Pr Aeronautics & Space oc i no Built Environment e (AEC/FM-BIM) rm ss Te ) 6-4 Digital Storage 92 ) 6-4 15 92 O (IS 15 DE Te L ISO mp X RD lat L( es RD /D EX PLCS (ISO 10303-239), ASD/AIA S1000D, ADL SCORM ISO 15926-2 Defense Oil & Gas En presentasjon av Statsbygg

Statsbygg's focus on BIM and IFC: Statement from 2007  Statsbygg aims to increase the utility value of its buildings for tenants and users, and aims to significantly reduce construction and operating costs and building damage, through use of BIM based on open, international standards (IFC).  2010 – BIM (IFC) will be the standard carrier of information in ALL our business processes 6 A presentation by Statsbygg

Government clients in the USA (GSA/PBS), Denmark (DECA), Finland (Senate Properties), and Norway (Statsbygg) has signed a joint statement with the intention to support Building Information Modelling (BIM) with Open Standards for public facilities 7 A presentation by Statsbygg

Using BIM technology in analysing the eco- footprint 8 A presentation by Statsbygg

Statsbygg has developed a GHG Accounting Tool www.klimagassregnskap.no (Norwegian only)  GHG emission accounting tool for buildings  3 modules today  Holistic Life Cycle Approach - 60 years  Systemizing complex conditions - simple calculations  Benchmarking – CO2-eqv./m2  A planning tool to minimize GHG emissions from new buildings

The GHG Accounting Tool Demo- Land use liation changes Klimagassregnskap for utbyggingsprosjekter

Greenhouse gas emissions from building projects calculated as CO2 equiv. per m2 per year – 60 year lifetime Residential Day-care University 100,0 90,0 80,0 70,0 2y / r 60,0 50,0 2qm u -e v / . i 40,0 Transport 30,0 O C k g 20,0 Energy use 10,0 - Materials Transport Energy Materials 11

Information abut the type an amount of the material can be generated from the BIM. Ramez Rafat, Statsbygg, 31 mars 2008 (endres under Vis Topptekst/Bunntekst) PRESENTASJONSNAVN

This is combined with generic information onBuilding materials - Embodied Greenhouse Gas Emissions GHG in production-eqv./tonne material tonnes of CO2 Alumium – only emissions due to use of fossil fuels and raw materiales includes emissions from electricity used in production 17 primary and 16 15 recycled Polyuretan 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 m n o q a v 2- e r t l i / . 0 wood glass Spikes O C n o s e f t concrete 13 A presentation by Statsbygg

14 A presentation by Statsbygg

Hundsund day-care, Material and embodied GHG emissions 15

The relative contribution from materials in a building where energy efficiency has been given priority (Fornebu Hage) and one where it has not (Bodø University College). Fornebu Hage, housing (under construction) Bodø University College (in use from 2004) Emission of greenhouse gases - According to main source Emission of greenhouse gases - According to main source Transport Materials 27 % 21 % Materials Transport 5% 44 % Energy use 35 % Energy use 68 %

Emissions from production of the material quantities Day-care 14 13 University 12 Surface treatment 11 10 Stairs and balconies y 2/ r 9 8 7 Roofs 6 m u q 2-e v / . i 5 Ceilings and floors 4 3 O C k g Internal walls 2 1 - Outside walls Ground and foundations Load-bearing systems Basic materials Envir. fr. materials Renovated

GHG - Transport – use phase  Includes transport needs – Personal transport (car or public; bus/metro) and Freight transport  Amount of trips as a function of: – Type of building (dwellings, hospital, university, e.g.), – Location and distance to city centre services (stores, cinema, sports, …) – Availability of public transport and parking space (e.g. toll or not)  Model – Predefined travel length from national and regional travel habit surveys – Predefined emission factors – national emission inventories + scenarios for technology improvements

GHG from building projects - transport kg CO2 eq. per m2 per year. “Distances/2” Dwellings Day-care 19

The intention is to develop interactive tools for such transport analysis

GHG - Energy use – use phase  Includes space heating/cooling, warm water, electric appliances  Predefined emissions and efficiency factors  Electricity use – default: European OECD nations’ average (2004) of 357 g CO2/kWh , but the users can decide factor  User choose: – m2 building – Building characteristics (residential, non-residential, etc) – climate zone (7 regional zones in Norway) – calculated net energy requirements or measured energy use – energy sources – oil, NG, bio, DH, El.,.. – share of electricity specific consumption – Emission factor for district heating and electricity

GHG from operational energy use kg CO2 eq. per m2 per year District heating Electrisity 357 g/kWh 22

BIM based energy analysis in design phase HOURLY TEMPERATURES ANNUAL ENERGY CONSUMPTION Simulatio n 1 Simu latio n 1 Simulation 2 Case 1 B - CAV med sols kjerming 30 MW h NOK kWh/m² kWh/m³ MWh NOK kWh/m² kW h/m³ Lighting electric ity 77 38474 25 8 77 38474 25 8 28 Air flow rate: 10,0 m³/h,m² (219 m³/h) Equipment electricity 54 27148 18 6 54 27148 18 6 Spac e c ooling: 0,0 W/m² (0 W) HVAC, c ooling electr. 2 880 1 0 2 880 1 0 26 HVAC, other elec tr. 43 21530 14 5 43 21530 14 5 Simulatio n 2 Electricity total 24 176 88032 57 19 176 88032 57 19 Case 1 - CAV Heating 194 96879 63 21 226 113216 73 24 22 119 130 Air flow rate: 10,0 m³/h,m² (219 m³/h) Spac e c ooling: 0,0 W/m² (0 W) 20 ENERGY CONSUMPTION 18 Outdoo r temperature: MONTHLY ENERGY CONSUMPTION Summer design weather 11.07., Wednesday MWh 16 0 50 100 150 200 / min. 250 Max. outdoor temperature +24,8 / +16,9 °C400 300 350 450 1 3 5 7 70 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 h Norway, Stavanger, lat. 58,90°, lon. 5,60° MWh Simulatio n 1 60 Average space temperature on c ooli ng des ign day conditions SPACE ANNUAL ENERGY CONSUMPTION MW h NOK kWh/m² kWh/m³ MWh NOK 50 HOURLY LOADS Simulatio n 2 Lighting electricity 77 38471 24,8 8,2 Equipment electricity 54 27148 17,5 5,8 16 % 16 % W/m2 40 Sim. 1 W/m2 Sim. 2 HVAC, cooling electr. 3 1349 0,9 0,3 40 11 % 11 % HVAC, other electr. 30 43 21530 13,9 40 4,6 1% 1% Electricity total 177 88498 57,2 18,8 63 % 63 % 30 Heating 302 150751 97,4 30 32 9% 9% ENERGY COST 20 Heating Electricity NOK Facility and user electricity 20 10 0 50000 100000 20 150000 200000 250000 0 14 % 10 1 2 3 4 5 24 % 10 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Simulatio n 1 43 % 43 % Lighting elec tricity 6 5 7 6 7 2% 0 6 7 7 6 7 7 57 % 6 0 Simulatio n 2 electricity Equipment 5 3 5 5 5 5 5 5 4 5 5 4 86 % 31 % -10HVAC, cooling elec tr. 0 0 0 0 0 -10 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 HVAC, other5 1 3 7 electr. 9 11 13 3 4 15 17 19 Domestic hot water 4 21 323 h Lighting electric ity3 4 5 4 31 7 4 9 11 3 13 154 17 19 21 23 h4 3 Heating Heating, spac es electr. HVAC, other HVAC, cooling elec tr.electricity Equipment Equipment electric ity Lighting elec tricity Facility electricity Heating 49 47 sys tem 41 27 HVAC, cooling electr.4 14 6 elec tr. 6 10 20 electricity 31 47 Heating, AC HVAC, other Us er BIM i Universitetet i Stavanger Total load W indows Equipment Lighting People Conduction Infiltration (w ithout window s)

Example of design for low energy use 24 A presentation by Statsbygg

www.klimagassregnskap.no:  enables systematic GHG calculations in a holistic, life-cycle perspective - repeatable • provides new insight into the significance of different sources of emissions • Basis for Statsbyggs GHG strategy for the future  comparing buildings/cases indicate that: – Choice of energy-efficient design and renewable sources can reduce energy use and GHG emissions by more than 50 % – Central location can reduced emissions from transport by more than 50 % – Renovation and reuse of buildings can reduce embodied GHG emissions by 60–70 % compared with a new building

Simple living in Norwegian mountains with low GHG emissions per m2! Klimagassregnskap for utbyggingsprosjekter

Statsbygg : Using BIM technology in analysing the eco-footprint of new buildings

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