2. Objectives
Students should be able to
Describe the nature and sources of
achievement motivation
Describe how projective tests might assess
achievement motivation
Contrast task vs. social leaders
Distinguish bet ween Theory X and Theory
Y leaders
3. Achievement Motivation
Defined as a high need for achievement (Henry
Murray, 1938).
Achievement is personally and culturally
defined.
Western examples?
Eastern examples?
4. Common traits of individuals with high
achievement motivation:
Attribute success to own skill & effort
Persistent
Self-disciplined
Willing to dedicate many hours to
achieving a single goal
5. Sources of achievement motivation include
Emotions: you associate positive
emotions with achievement
Cognitive: attribute success to own
efforts
Birth order??
Alfred Adler believed he saw a
positive correlation bet ween birth
order and achievement motivation
6. Sources of achievement motivation:
Internal motivation
Personal satisfaction
External motivation
External reward – or avoiding
punishment
7. io
at
c
Sources of achievement motivation:
ifi
st
ju
Internal motivation
er
v
O Personal satisfaction
ct
e
e
External motivation
n External reward – or avoiding
punishment
9. Rotter Incomplete Sentence Test
Here one is given a series of incomplete
sentences that they are supposed to finish.
By grouping and analyzing your responses, a
psychologist is able to make some judgments
about your psychological state.
I feel . . .
I regret . . .
Other people . . .
It bothers me when . . .
10. Rorshach Inkblot Test
The Rorschach is perhaps
the most famous projective
test. Again, a psychologists
would analyze the general
tone of responses as well as
whether they use the entire
image or only a portion of
the image.
11. Rorshach Inkblot Test
The Rorschach is perhaps
the most famous projective
test. Again, a psychologists
would analyze the general
tone of responses as well as
whether they use the entire
image or only a portion of
the image.
16. Task vs Social Leadership
Task Leadership is specific, targeted, goal-
oriented leadership that sets standards,
organizes work, and focuses attention
and effort. They usually use a directive
style.
A leader delegating small tasks to get
the group’s STD poster done
17. Social Leadership is group-oriented; it
builds teamwork, mediates conflict, and
offers support. It is usually more
democratic.
A coach providing inspirational talks
that motivate a group to work harder
18. Theory X Theory Y
Douglas McGregor (1960): Our world-view
affects how we lead.
Some people have the world-view that
workers are lazy, error-prone, and only
motivated by money - Theory X managers
Others have the world-view that people
are intrinsically motivated to be creative,
helpful, and to build their self-esteem
