NERM 2006: The Future of Scholarly Communications Introduction to Scholarly Communications Elizabeth Brown [email_address] Binghamton University Libraries Friday, October 6, 2006

Overview of Scholarly Communications Timeline for developments in Scholarly Communications Evolution of Scholarship What has driven this evolution? Constituencies affected by change Why should you care? How will this affect research? Future trends in Scholarly Communications Resources / Web Sites / Initiatives

Timeline for developments in Scholarly Communications

Evolution of Scholarship

What has driven this evolution?

Constituencies affected by change

Why should you care? How will this affect research?

Future trends in Scholarly Communications

Resources / Web Sites / Initiatives

Timeline for developments in Scholarly Communications 1665 First scholarly journal published 1675 Introduction of peer review 1969 ARPAnet created (Birth of the internet) 1991 Creation of arXiv.org at Los Alamos Early 1990s Science “serials crisis” 1995 First scholarly electronic journal online 1999-2000 Electronic journal archives available online 2002 Open Access movement begins 2006 Open Peer Review

Timeline for developments in Scholarly Communications

1665 First scholarly journal published

1675 Introduction of peer review

1969 ARPAnet created (Birth of the internet)

1991 Creation of arXiv.org at Los Alamos

Early 1990s Science “serials crisis”

1995 First scholarly electronic journal online

1999-2000 Electronic journal archives available online

2002 Open Access movement begins

2006 Open Peer Review

2. Evolution of Scholarship Manuscripts – hand-written, hand-lettered texts Printed text Electronic text adapted and converted from print Electronic text “born digital” and converted to print Electronic only text

Manuscripts – hand-written, hand-lettered texts

Printed text

Electronic text adapted and converted from print

Electronic text “born digital” and converted to print

Electronic only text

3. What has driven this evolution? Academic: Serials crisis of the early 1990’s – high journal costs Rise of interdisciplinary research Channels of communication among researchers have changed Technological: Growth of the internet Low cost of digitization of print materials Open source software movement Rise of Social Software and Web 2.0 tools

Academic:

Serials crisis of the early 1990’s – high journal costs

Rise of interdisciplinary research

Channels of communication among researchers have changed

Technological:

Growth of the internet

Low cost of digitization of print materials

Open source software movement

Rise of Social Software and Web 2.0 tools

3. What has driven this evolution? Advocacy: Greater awareness of copyright and intellectual property rights Movement to make publicly funded research available to all Discussion on maintaining author rights to published research articles Creation of institutional repositories – materials unique to a location Need to have permanent archives for electronic materials

Advocacy:

Greater awareness of copyright and intellectual property rights

Movement to make publicly funded research available to all

Discussion on maintaining author rights to published research articles

Creation of institutional repositories – materials unique to a location

Need to have permanent archives for electronic materials

4. Constituencies Affected by change Scientists and scholarly researchers Policymakers / Lawmakers Commercial and Society Publishers Librarians Archivists Information Technology / Computer Programmers Students and General Public

Scientists and scholarly researchers

Policymakers / Lawmakers

Commercial and Society Publishers

Librarians

Archivists

Information Technology / Computer Programmers

Students and General Public

5. Why should you care? How will this affect future research? Immediate Benefits: Quicker publication of research results: Faster recognition Wider distribution among colleagues Lower journal costs for institution? (some debate) Long-Term Benefits: Institutional memory preserved – repositories and other local content More control over scholarly output from authors and institutions

Immediate Benefits:

Quicker publication of research results:

Faster recognition

Wider distribution among colleagues

Lower journal costs for institution? (some debate)

Long-Term Benefits:

Institutional memory preserved – repositories and other local content

More control over scholarly output from authors and institutions

6. Future trends in Scholarly Communications Make more government funded research publications available to the general public Open Access option for journal article publishing available from more publishers Newer alternative journal funding models as alternatives to Open Access Greater collaboration between constituencies to make change More demand to make scholarly research results available to more people

Make more government funded research publications available to the general public

Open Access option for journal article publishing available from more publishers

Newer alternative journal funding models as alternatives to Open Access

Greater collaboration between constituencies to make change

More demand to make scholarly research results available to more people

7. Resources / Web Sites / Initiatives SPARC (Scholarly Publishing and Academic Resources Coalition) Open Access News blog (Peter Suber) Google Book Search Managing Your Copyrights – Massachusetts Institute of Technology (Author Rights) LOCKSS (Lots of Copies Keep Stuff Safe) Portico (Electronic Archiving) Open Content Alliance (collaborative archive) Open Peer Review & Collaboration (Heather Morris)

SPARC (Scholarly Publishing and Academic Resources Coalition)

Open Access News blog (Peter Suber)

Google Book Search

Managing Your Copyrights – Massachusetts Institute of Technology (Author Rights)

LOCKSS (Lots of Copies Keep Stuff Safe)

Portico (Electronic Archiving)

Open Content Alliance (collaborative archive)

Open Peer Review & Collaboration (Heather Morris)