Necessitas - Qt on Android - from FSCONS 2011

Necessitas Qt on Android Johan Thelin Pelagicore

Biography● Johan Thelin● Worked with Qt for 10+ years● Foundations in Qt Development● Also worked embedded, embedded Linux, enterprise software, web● Today – senior developer at Pelagicore

Pelagicore● Open source based in-vehicle infotainment ● Member of Linux Foundation ● Ubuntu Core member ● GENIVI member ● Active within MeeGo, etc● Uses Qt and QtQuick extensively ● Also HTML5, JavaScript and Android

What is Qt “Code less, create more, deploy everywhere”● A great framework for creating applications● Truly cross-platform ● Desktop ● Devices● Licensed for everyone – GPL, LGPL or closed

Qt on Desktop● X11● OS X● Windows

Qt on Devices● Linux with X11 ● N900, N9● Linux without X11 ● industrial, etc● Symbian● WinCE● more...

Who runs Qt?● Trolltech● Bought by Nokia● Nokia Qt Development Frameworks● Digia develops and licenses Qt Commercial● Qt is open source – www.qt-project.org● True open governance!

Qt on Devices● More than the official ports ● Android ● RIM Blackberry ● WebOS ● iOS ● Kindle ● WP7 can support native code mid-2012 :-)

Qt on Devices● More verticals ● Set-top boxes ● Industrial panels ● Tablets ● Your car

Finding the Roots of Qt Backends

Backends● Backends for OS primitives ● Atomic operations, files, etc● Backends for graphics rendering ● Soft, OpenGL, OpenGL ES, GDI, etc● Backends for image handling● Backends for accessibility● Backends for ...

Why Backends Portability!

Portability between Devices● QPA – Qt Platform Architecture – or something ● Formerly known as Lighthouse● A backend for porting Qt to new platforms ● Focused at minimal effort, but with possibilities

Qt on Android● Based on Android SDK / NDK● QPA ● Necessitas - the actual Qt Port● QtCreator (IDE) adaptations ● The tooling● Ministro ● The deployment

Current Status● Alpha 3 was just released ● Most of Qt is ported ● OpenGL rendering ● WebKit● Missing ● Mobility (for many Android Versions) ● Rewriting soft keyboard support ● Android Style and Android Menus ● Development support in non-Linux environments ● Documentation

The Near Future● Planning to release First Beta soon ● Will give a stable API/ABI“...meaning that an application which uses that version will run without *any* change, on any further releases! It alsomeans you can target a billion devices using Qt, much sooner than you expected :)”

Getting Started● Installation party! ● OpenJDK ● ant 1.8+ ● The necessitas installer downloads and installs – Android SDK + NDK – Platforms for the SDK, etc ● Setup QtCreator – Add path to ant

Installer

Demo Application

Demo Application● Strip out some of the crud from the template source code – it refers to Symbian

Demo Applicationvoid MainWindow::on_pushButton_clicked(){ static int v = 0; ui->listWidget->addItem( QString("Value%1").arg(v++));}

Demo Application

Demo Application ● From project directory$ ls -l android/bin/total 1988-rw-rw-r-- 1 e8johan e8johan 179 2011-11-10 21:42 build.propdrwxrwxr-x 3 e8johan e8johan 4096 2011-11-10 21:42 classes-rw-rw-r-- 1 e8johan e8johan 33396 2011-11-10 21:42 classes.dex-rw-rw-r-- 1 e8johan e8johan 2251 2011-11-10 21:42 classes.dex.ddrwxrwxr-x 6 e8johan e8johan 4096 2011-11-10 21:42 res-rw-rw-r-- 1 e8johan e8johan 431594 2011-11-10 21:42 Widgetdemo.ap_-rw-rw-r-- 1 e8johan e8johan 2045 2011-11-10 21:42 Widgetdemo.ap_.d-rw-rw-r-- 1 e8johan e8johan 767735 2011-11-10 21:42 Widgetdemo-debug.apk-rw-rw-r-- 1 e8johan e8johan 767731 2011-11-10 21:42 Widgetdemo-debug-unaligned.apk-rw-rw-r-- 1 e8johan e8johan 305 2011-11-10 21:42 Widgetdemo-debug-unaligned.apk.d

First Run on Phone● Installs Ministro – Installs Qt – Resumes https://market.android.com/details?id=eu.licentia.necessitas.ministro

Second RunIt simply works!

More on Ministro● Qt libraries are shared among all Qt apps on the device● From the beta release, the ABI is stable, i.e. Qt can be upgraded separately from apps

Configurability● Android target SDK ● API levels● Application icon● Permissions ● What your app wants to be able to do● Libraries ● Which Qt modules are needed● More...

Debugging● Yes! :-)● Android NDK comes with gdb ● Works with QtCreator● Requires some tweaking ● Described in the Necessitas Wiki

Qt and Device UIs Got to show you this!

User Interface Development● Classic – standard widgets, etc ● Rectangular areas ● Non-overlapping ● Clipping their children ● Provides familiarity● Device UIs ● Blend with the device ● Provide a brand feel ● etc

Building Modern UIs● No more widgets! ● Canvas / scene● Timers everywhere● Multiple simultaneous transitions● Complex, interconnected state machines● Pain! :-)

History of Qt and Modern UIs● QCanvas● QGraphicsView● QTimeLine● QGraphicsItemAnimation● An animation framework● A state machine framework● The birth of QtQuick

QtQuick● What is QtQuick? ● A run-time for QML ● Tooling● What is QML ● Declarative ● JavaScript

QMLimport QtQuick 1.0Rectangle { Rectangle { MouseArea { } }}

QMLRectangle { width: 500 height: 500 Rectangle {

QMLRectangle { Rectangle { id: box color: "red" width: 100 height: 100 x: 200

QMLMouseArea { anchors.fill: parent onClicked: { if(box.state=="up") box.state="down"; else box.state="up"; }}

QMLRectangle { state: "up" states: [ State { name: "up" PropertyChanges { target: box; y: 50 } }, State { name: "down" PropertyChanges { target: box; y: 350 } } ]

QMLBehavior on y { PropertyAnimation { duration: 1000 easing.type: Easing.OutBounce }}

Integrate with C++● QObjects to QtQuick QObject *foo = …; setProperty(“foo”, foo);● C++ classes in QtQuick class Foo : public QObject { … }; qmlRegisterType<Foo>("FooLib", 1, 0, "Foo"); Foo { property: value }● QtMediaHub - http://gitorious.org/qtmediahub

QtMediaHub

Of course QtQuick works on Android too. With hardware accelerated graphics.

Qt 5● A great opportunity to … ● … get rid of API limitations ● … split the repos into more independent parts ● … take advantage of modern C++● Widgets and QML are peers● More acceleration, shaders, etc – amazing performance

A new Dawn● Truly Open Source – a www.qt-project.org● Qt for Desktop ● Windows / X11 / OS X... more● Qt for Devices ● Symbian / Maemo / MeeGo / Android / Blackberry / iOS / Kindle... more

Thank you! johan.thelin@pelagicore.com Were hiring!http://pelagicore.com/career.html

Necessitas - Qt on Android - from FSCONS 2011

by Johan Thelin on Nov 14, 2011

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Necessitas - Qt on Android - from FSCONS 2011 — Presentation Transcript

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