This document summarizes a study on skin infections among single male migrants living in Dharavi, Mumbai. The study aimed to examine the prevalence of skin diseases in this population and analyze relationships between skin infections and factors like education level, occupation, personal hygiene, and chemical use. The study found that over 44% of respondents worked in tailoring and around 32% in leather industries. Rates of skin infection were higher among those working with chemicals in leather industries and those with poorer personal hygiene like not washing hands regularly. The document recommends educating migrants about hygiene practices and separating sleeping areas to reduce skin infection prevalence.

1. Skin infections among single
male migrants in Dharavi
working with SHED, Mumbai
MUDASIR KHAN
MPH-SE
M2014PHSE012
Guide- Dr. ANIL KUMAR

2.  Dharavi constitutes a major proportion of single male
migrants from North India working in different
industries.
 Among the migrants the commonest health problem
identified is skin infections.
 The pattern of skin diseases in India is influenced by
the developing economy, level of literacy, social
backwardness, varied climate, industrialization,
access to primary health care, and different religious,
ritual and cultural factors.
INTRODUCTION

3. RATIONALE
In urban slums of Mumbai, overcrowding in living
places, hot and humid climate, ignorance about
personal hygiene, poverty and illiteracy are some of
the social factors that may play an important role in
the occurrence of skin infections among the single
male migrants.

4. OBJECTIVES
 To know the prevalence of skin diseases among
single male migrants in Dharavi.
 To assess the relationship between the level of
education and skin disease.
 To assess the relationship between occupation and
skin disease.
 To assess the relationship between personal hygiene
and skin disease.

5. METHODOLOGY
METHOD : Cross sectional quantitative method
SAMPLE SIZE- 152 single male migrants
 TOOL- semi-structured interview
TECHNIQUE- Face to face interview
SAMPLING METHOD : Convenience method
Data analysis: SPSS 20

6.  STUDY AREA- Prem nagar and Naik nagar areas
of Dharavi.
 INCLUSION CRITERIA-
 Single male migrants
 Above 18 years of age

7. FINDINGS
Among 152 respondents
10(6.6%) were illiterate
95(62.5%) had studied primary school
44(28.9%) studied secondary school
3(2%) studied higher secondary school.

9.  Among 152 respondents
68(44.7%) were from Uttar Pradesh
45(29.6%) were from Bihar
17(11.2%) were from Uttaranchal
9(5.9%) were from Jharkhand
13(8.6%) were from West Bengal.

11. Among 152 respondents
99(65.1%) had tailoring as their profession
48(31.6%) worked in leather industries
5(3.3%) worked in glass recycle industry.

13.  Among the respondents
17(11.2%) had complaint of rash
15(9.9%) had complaint of itching
4(2.6%) had complaint of dry and scaly skin.
Out of 152 respondents
116(76.3%) respondents had no skin complaints
36 respondents had symptoms of skin infection.

16.  80(52.6%) respondents revealed that they never
wash hands.
 67(44.1%) revealed that they wash hands 1-3 times
daily
5(3.3) revealed that they wash hands
4-6 times per day.

18.  Among the 10 respondents who were illiterate, 2 had
skin infection.
 Among the 95 respondents who had studied primary
school, 22 had skin infection.
 Among the 44 respondents who had studied
secondary schooling, 10 had skin infection.
 Among the 3 respondents who had higher secondary
education, 2 had skin disease.

19. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SKIN DISEASE AND LEVEL OF EDUCATION

20.  Among the 99 respondents who were in tailoring
work, 18 had symptoms of skin infection.
 Among the 48 respondents working in leather
industries, 17 had symptoms of skin infection.
 Among the 5 respondents from glass recycling
industries, 1 had symptoms of skin infection.

21. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SKIN DISEASE AND OCCUPATION

22. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SKIN DISEASE AND PERSONAL HYGIENE

23.  Among the 36 respondents who had symptoms of skin
infection, 23 bath daily whereas 13 do not take bath
regularly.
 Among the 116 respondents who did not have any
skin infection symptoms, 110 take bath daily whereas
6 do not take bath daily.

24. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SKIN DISEASE AND HAND WASH

25.  Among 36 respondents having skin complaints, 22
never wash their hands, 13 wash their 1-3 times/day
and 1 respondent washes his hands 4-6 times daily.
 Among the 116 respondents who did not have any
skin infection symptoms 58 never washed their
hands, 54 washed their hands 1-3 times daily and 4
respondents washed their hands 4-6 times/day.

26. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SKIN DISEASE AND CHEMICAL USE IN WORK

27. Among 36 respondents who had skin infection, 18
used chemicals for their work while the other 18 didn’t.
 Among 116 respondents who didn’t have skin
infection symptoms, 35 used chemicals for their work
while the rest(81) didn’t.

28.  Although it was hypothesized that lower the education
level, more the ignorance among the respondents and
higher the chances of skin infections. But due a
relatively small sample size, it was difficult to prove
this hypothesis .
 Data suggested that skin infections are more common
in migrants who work in leather industries. This may
be because workers in leather industries are subjected
to more use of various chemicals.
DISCUSSION

29.  Almost 34% of respondents who agreed to using
chemicals during their work, had symptoms of skin
infections. Whereas among the respondents who did
not use chemicals for their work only 18% had skin
problems.
 This result answers the question as to why the
migrants who work in leather industries have
more prevalence of skin infections than those who
work as tailors.

30.  The prevalence of skin infections was found to be
higher in those individuals who never wash their
hands as compared to those who wash hands.
 This can be related to the fact that better hygiene
practices avoid occurrence of skin infections.

31.  Overcrowding and congested living conditions are
also factors responsible for skin problems. This can be
proved by the results which show that the prevalence
of skin infections is more than 25% in individuals who
sleep on common mattress with their room-partners.
Whereas, the prevalence is only 16% among those
who sleep on separate mattress.

32. RECOMMENDATIONS
The migrants should be educated and made aware
about the common skin infections.
 They should be taught the benefits of practicing
personal hygiene.
 They should be advised not to use each other’s
personal things like towels, soaps, footwear, etc.

33.  The housing in which the migrants live should be
adequately ventilated and should have ample space.
 Rubber gloves should be advised to the workers who
come in contact with chemicals during their work.
 They should be advised to take bath daily as well as
wash hands before and after work.
 Separate mattress should be used for sleeping rather
than a common one.

34. THANK YOU