This document provides an overview of the history and evolution of career and technical education in Texas. It traces the progression from manual arts and industrial arts in the early 1900s to the current model of career clusters. Key milestones included the Smith-Hughes Act of 1917 establishing vocational education and various reauthorizations of the Perkins Act in the 1980s-2000s shaping career and technical education. The document also outlines the current career clusters approach and lists resources from three Texas universities that received grants to promote educational excellence in career and technical fields.

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1
Overview of
Career Clusters

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Manual Arts
(1800s – 1900s)
Industrial Arts/Training
(Early 1900s)
Industrial Arts
(1917 – 1960)
Industrial Technology
(1960 – 1985)
(post-Sputnik)
Technology Education
(1985 – 2006)
Vocational Education
(1914 – 1990)
Career & Technology Ed.
(1999 – 2006)
1917: Smith-Hughes Act
1984: Perkins Vocational Education Act
1998: Workforce Investment Act(s)
Perkins Vocational-Technical Act
2006: Perkins Career-Technical Ed Act
1990: Perkins Vocational & Applied Technology Act
Vocational & Applied Technology Ed.
(1990 – 1998)

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Occupational &
Vocational
Education
Industrial
Technology
Industrial Arts
Vocational
Education
Applied
Technology,
Training &
Development
Engineering
Technology
Computer
Science
Computer
Education &
Cognitive
Systems
Computer
Science
Department
of Learning
Technologies
1909 First evidence of courses offeredManual Arts
(1909 at UNT)
1912 Course of Study in Industrial Arts
1917 Department of Manual ArtsIndustrial
Education
1925 Department of Industrial Education
Smith-Hughes Vocational Division
Industrial Arts Division
Mechanical and Sense Instruction Division
and Linotype and Typography

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Vocational
Education
Service Areas
Agriculture
Business Education
Health Science Technology Education
Family and Consumer Science
Marketing Education
Trade & Industrial Education
Career
and
Technology
Education
Service Areas
Career
and
Technical
Education
Service Areas
Career
and
Technical
Education
Career Clusters

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online.onetcenter.org
Education and Labor Together

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Stephen F. Austin State University
Texas A&M University
University of North Texas
The Educational
Excellence
Grants

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Stephen F. Austin State University
The Educational
Excellence
Grants

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www.sfasu.edu/cte
Diane Salazar, TEA

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Texas A&M University
The Educational
Excellence
Grants

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cteeducationalexcellence.
tamucc.edu

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cteeducationalexcellence.tamucc.edu
Ron Whitson, TEA

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cteeducationalexcellence.tamucc.edu
Ron Whitson, TEA

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University of North Texas
The Educational
Excellence
Grants

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cte.unt.edu

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cte.unt.edu
John Ellis, TEA

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cte.unt.edu
Lucy Ybarra, TEA

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cte.unt.edu
Esther Camacho, TEA

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cte.unt.edu
Kathy Park, TEA

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The CTE Team
512-463-9581
Esther Camacho
– Arts, Audio/Visual Technology
and Communication
– Information Technology
John Ellis
– Architecture and Construction
– Manufacturing
– Science, Technology,
Engineering, and Mathematics
Ron Whitson
– Agriculture, Food, and Natural
Resources
– Transportation, Distribution and
Logistics
Kathleen Park
– Government and Public Adm.
– Health Science
– Law, Public Safety, Corrections,
and Security
Diane Salazar
– Education and Training
– Hospitality and Tourism
– Human Services
Lucy Ybarra
– Business Management and
Administration
– Finance
– Marketing