Unittests für Dummies

Unit Testing für Dummies 15.11.2009 Lars Jankowfsky, swoodoo AG Thorsten Rinne, Mayflower GmbH

About me: PHP, C++, Developer, Software Architect since 1992 PHP since 1998 Many successful projects from 2 to 20 developers Running right now three projects using eXtreme Programming CTO and (Co-)Founder swoodoo AG (Co-)Founder OXID eSales AG

About me: Diplom-Informatiker (FH) Certified Scrum Master Zend Certified Engineer PHP since 1999 Many successful projects from 2 to 6 developers using Scrum, eXtreme Programming, Crystal Clear Senior Developer / Team Lead at Mayflower GmbH Master of phpMyFAQ

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Unit Tests? PHPUnit Fixtures Stubs Pitfalls

PHPUnit http://www.phpunit.de/

PHPUnit PHPUnit phpunit myTest user@workshop:/var/www/thorsten-zfguestbook/tests/ application$ phpunit controllers_PostsControllerTest

Fixtures

Fixtures Fixtures Make sure that tests don‘t alter fixture Fixture is FIXture if you feel creating fixtures is too much work - refactor more! Do never let tests leave altered tests

Fixtures the Ruby way... Fixtures Ruby uses YAML www.yaml.org PHP YAML support done by using Syck Syck = YAML + fast http://whytheluckystiff.net/syck/ http://www.frontalaufprall.com/2008/05/05/php-unit- database-fixtures-the-ruby-way/

YAML loading Fixtures public static function create($fileName) { $fileName = 'Fixtures'.DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR.$fileName; ob_start(); include $fileName; $fileContents = ob_get_contents(); ob_clean(); $yamlData = syck_load($fileContents); return $yamlData; }

YAML storing Fixtures public static function load($fixtures, $tableName) { if (is_array($fixtures) && count($fixtures)) { foreach ($fixtures as $fixture) { if (is_array($fixture) && is_array(current($fixture))) { Fixtures::load($fixture, $tableName); } $fields = array_keys($fixture); $statement = "INSERT INTO $tableName (" . implode(', ', $fields) . ") VALUES (:" . implode(", :", $fields) . ")"; $stmt = self::$_db->prepare($statement); if (count($fixture)) { foreach ($fixture as $key => $value ) { $stmt->bindValue(':'.$key, $value); } } $stmt->execute(); self::$_usedTables[$tableName] = $tableName; } } }

YAML - cleanup Fixtures if (!empty(self::$_usedTables)) { foreach (array_reverse(self::$_usedTables) as $tableName) { self::$_db->execute("TRUNCATE TABLE $tableName"); } }

Fixtures the other side ... Fixtures manual fixtures are too much work use a test database think about automatic creation of YAML files

Mocking stubs? Stubs Unittesting is about testing a unit of work, not a complete workflow isolates your code from external dependencies can be done with PHPUnit, but you don‘t need to

Mocking stubs The PHPUnit way Stubs /** * A simple stub providing a simple result directly instead of using the database */ class UserModelStub extends UserModel { public getUserCount() { return 10; } } UserModelStub extends PHPUnit_Framework_Testcase { public function testGetUserCount() { $stub = $this->getMock(‘UserModel‘); $stub->expects($this->any())->method(‘getUserCount‘)->will($this- >returnValue(10)); } }

Pitfalls

Code the unit test first. Pitfalls OOP, public, private Globals Superglobals Sessions Cookies

Dependencies ... Pitfalls Separate logic from view create accessors, add all parameters in calls

Dependency Example Pitfalls class displayUserDetails() { /** * Processes input and sends user first name, last name to display; */ function show() { global $dbLink; global $templateEngine; $itemId = (int) $_REQUEST['user_id']; $firstName = $dbLink->getOne("select first_name from users where id = $itemId"); $lastName = $dbLink->getOne("select last_name from users where id = $itemId"); $templateEngine->addTemplateVar('firstName', $firstName); $templateEngine->addTemplateVar('lastName', $lastName); $templateEngine->display(); } }

Dependency Example Pitfalls /** * A view class responsible for displaying user details. */ class userView() { /** * Loads user object and sends first name, last name to display */ public function show() { $userId = $this->_inputProcessor->getParameter("user_id"); $this->templateEngine->addTemplateVar('user', $this->model->loadUser(userId)); $this->templateEngine->display(); } } /** * And the corresponding model */ class userModel() { public function loadUser($userId) { $user = new User( $userId ); return array('firstName' => $user->getFirstName(), 'lastName' => $user->getLastName()); } }

Layer Example Pitfalls class someOtherClass { var $setting; function calculateSomething($a, $b) { return $a+$b; } } class myOldNastyClass { function needToTestThisFunction() { $class = new someOtherClass(); $z = $_GET['input']; // .... return $class->calculateSomething( $class->setting, $z); } }

Layer Example Pitfalls class someOtherClass { private $setting; public function calculateSomething($a, $b) { return $a+$b; } public function setSetting($set) { $this->setting = $set; } public function getSetting() { return $this->setting; } } class myInput { public function getParameter($name) { return $_GET[$name]; } } class myOldNastyClass { private $input; // set e.g. in constructor public function needToTestThisFunction(someOtherClass &$class, $z) { $z = $input->getParameter('input'); // .... return $class->calculateSomething( $class->getSetting(), $z); } }

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Unittests für Dummies

by Lars Jankowfsky on Nov 15, 2009

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