Roman Empire and Han Dynasty A Short Comparison AP World History

Roman Empire

Han Dynasty

Characteristics Han China Well organized bureaucracy based upon Confucian ideas and education Roman Empire Well organized bureaucracy founded on Roman law and classical learning

Han China

Well organized bureaucracy based upon Confucian ideas and education

Roman Empire

Well organized bureaucracy founded on Roman law and classical learning

Characteristics Han Imperial Universities In Xi’an a university of Confucian study was founded. An exam was created to evaluate anyone who felt knowledgeable enough to take it and become a bureaucrat. Unfortunately, only the wealthy had time to study enough. Roman Education Founded on Greek Principles. Wanted strong, healthy, religious and responsible citizen. A free slave opened the first private school in ancient Rome.

Han Imperial Universities

In Xi’an a university of Confucian study was founded.

An exam was created to evaluate anyone who felt knowledgeable enough to take it and become a bureaucrat.

Unfortunately, only the wealthy had time to study enough.

Roman Education

Founded on Greek Principles.

Wanted strong, healthy, religious and responsible citizen.

A free slave opened the first private school in ancient Rome.

Characteristics Han China Emphasis on Family ancestors: patriarchical Reliance on landed gentry Engineering accomplishments: roads, canals, the Great Wall Roman Empire Emphasis on family: pater familias Reliance on patricians Engineering accomplishments: roads, aqueducts, amphitheatres, domes, sewage systems, central heating

Han China

Emphasis on Family ancestors: patriarchical

Reliance on landed gentry

Engineering accomplishments: roads, canals, the Great Wall

Roman Empire

Emphasis on family: pater familias

Reliance on patricians

Engineering accomplishments: roads, aqueducts, amphitheatres, domes, sewage systems, central heating

Characteristics Grand Canal Roman Roads

Grand Canal

Roman Roads

Characteristics Great Wall Roman Aqueduct

Great Wall

Roman Aqueduct

Characteristics Han China Religion: Confucianism, Daoism, native gods, intro to Buddhism Roman Empire Religion: Emperor as god, paganism, intro to Christianity Both Buddhism and Christianity are considered new superseding religions that reformed and surpassed a former religion with historical ties.

Han China

Religion: Confucianism, Daoism, native gods, intro to Buddhism

Roman Empire

Religion: Emperor as god, paganism, intro to Christianity

Decline of Han Dynasty Infighting among ruling elites Inequitable distribution of land - tax burden fell on peasants rather than on large landowners Series of peasant rebellions Yellow Turban Rebellion: Wore yellow scarves on heads, Taoists angry with landowning elite. Generals usurp political power - become warlords

Infighting among ruling elites

Inequitable distribution of land - tax burden fell on peasants rather than on large landowners

Series of peasant rebellions

Yellow Turban Rebellion: Wore yellow scarves on heads, Taoists angry with landowning elite.

Generals usurp political power - become warlords

Decline of Han Dynasty 220 CE generals divide empire into three kingdoms. Emigration of nomadic peoples into N. China kept country disunited

220 CE generals divide empire into three kingdoms.

Emigration of nomadic peoples into N. China kept country disunited

Decline of Roman Empire Internal opposition - barrack emperors Difficulties in administering vast empire creates rivalries and divisions of authority Eastern and Western Empire - capital moved to Constantinople

Internal opposition - barrack emperors

Difficulties in administering vast empire creates rivalries and divisions of authority

Eastern and Western Empire - capital moved to Constantinople

Decline of Roman Empire Germanic invasions by Vandals, Ostrogoths, and Visigoths 476 Odacer deposes final Western Roman Emperor Eastern Roman Empire becomes Byzantine Empire - lasts another 1000 years

Germanic invasions by Vandals, Ostrogoths, and Visigoths

476 Odacer deposes final Western Roman Emperor

Eastern Roman Empire becomes Byzantine Empire - lasts another 1000 years

Shared Characteristics Decline in Morals and Values Decline in those values that have upheld this particular society together Public Health and Urban Decay Political Corruption Unemployment and Inflation Inferior technology Military Spending

Decline in Morals and Values

Decline in those values that have upheld this particular society together

Public Health and Urban Decay

Political Corruption

Unemployment and Inflation

Inferior technology

Military Spending