Implementing C2C “When in doubt, go back to first principles”

Optimal Sustainability ©2006, McDonough Braungart Design Chemistry Flight Path Design Challenge Eco-efficient Design Eco-effective Design Time Present Shareholder Value Future

1 Insist on the right of humanity and nature to co-exist 2 Recognize interdependence 3 Respect relationships between spirit and matter 4 Accept responsibility for the consequence of design 5 Create safe objects of long-term value 6 Eliminate the concept of waste 7 Rely on natural energy flows 8 Understand the limitations of design 9 Seek constant improvement by sharing knowledge

Use current solar income “…powered by clean and renewable energy…”

Celebrate diversity “Become native to place…”

Waste = Food “…employs manufacturing, distribution, and recovery systems that allow those material inputs to be put back into productive use…”

Waste = Food “…uses material inputs that have positive effects on people and the environment…”

Biological Metabolism Technical Metabolism

EcoWorx Polyolefin Material Newly Polymerized Nylon 6 Ecosolution Q Facing Fiber Ecoworx Backing Carpet Tile Production Carpet Tile Sale & Use Recovery & Separation Mechanical Recycling Chemical Recycling Are you using reverse logistics?

Human Health Criteria Priority Criteria Carcinogenicity* Disruption of Endocrine System* Mutagenicity* Reproductive Toxicity* Teratogenicity* * Known or suspected in humans and/or animals Additional Criteria Acute Toxicity Chronic Toxicity Irritation of Skin/Mucous Membranes Sensitization Other (e.g., skin penetration potential; flammability)

Priority Criteria

Carcinogenicity*

Disruption of Endocrine System*

Mutagenicity*

Reproductive Toxicity*

Teratogenicity* * Known or suspected in humans and/or animals

Additional Criteria

Acute Toxicity

Chronic Toxicity

Irritation of Skin/Mucous Membranes

Sensitization

Other (e.g., skin penetration potential; flammability)

Environmental Health Criteria Aquatic toxicity Fish toxicity Daphnia toxicity Algae toxicity Bioaccumulation (BCF, log Kow) Climatic Relevance/Ozone Depletion Potential Content of Halogenated Organic Compounds Persistence/Biodegradation Toxic Heavy Metal Content Other (e.g., Water Danger Score; Toxicity to Soil Organisms)

Aquatic toxicity

Fish toxicity

Daphnia toxicity

Algae toxicity

Bioaccumulation (BCF, log Kow)

Climatic Relevance/Ozone Depletion Potential

Content of Halogenated Organic Compounds

Persistence/Biodegradation

Toxic Heavy Metal Content

Other (e.g., Water Danger Score; Toxicity to Soil Organisms)

Cradle to Cradle Certification Criteria 1.0 Materials 2.0 Material Reutilization/DfE 3.0 Energy 4.0 Water 5.0 Social Responsibility Cradle to Cradle Product Silver Gold Platinum S G P

Cradle to Cradle

Product

Silver

Gold

Platinum

Is it a biological or technical nutrient? Are materials recyclable/ compostable? Do you have reverse logistics? Does your energy come from renewable sources? Is your water drinkable? Are you practicing social fairness?

Is it a biological or technical nutrient?

Are materials recyclable/ compostable?

Do you have reverse logistics?

Does your energy come from renewable sources?

Is your water drinkable?

Are you practicing social fairness?

Is it a biological or technical nutrient? Are materials recyclable/ compostable? Do you have reverse logistics? Does your energy come from renewable sources? Is your water drinkable? Are you practicing social fairness?

Is it a biological or technical nutrient?

Are materials recyclable/ compostable?

Do you have reverse logistics?

Does your energy come from renewable sources?

Is your water drinkable?

Are you practicing social fairness?

Imagine a cradle to cradle building…

Solar oriented, solar powered Safe materials in closed-loop cycles Treats water as precious resource: capture and reuse Healthy workplace that promotes community, connectivity Abundant daylight and fresh air Anticipatory design: adapts and evolves over time Is native to its place

Best Practices: LEED Site Water Energy Materials IEQ Strategies

Best Practices: LEED Site Water Energy Materials IEQ Strategies

Owner Mission Project Principles Beyond Best Practices: Eco-effective Design

Project Goals Project Principles Beyond Best Practices: Eco-effective Design Owner Mission

Site Water Energy Materials IEQ Project Goals Project Principles Beyond Best Practices: Eco-effective Design Owner Mission Strategies

Opportunity Matrix framework

setting priorities

focus on patient / exam rooms

identifying key materials

Ultimate Goal: Restore site and regional ecosystems.

EXAMPLES | TREASURE ISLAND Characteristics of a sustaining city: Carbon neutral Regenerates water flows Eliminates concept of waste Fosters health + well-being Creates and supports vibrant habitats Becomes an international model of sustaining mobility systems WM+P Scope: Articulate the 100% good vision for a “world-class” sustaining city Evaluate design team proposals against this vision of 100% good

Characteristics of a sustaining city:

Carbon neutral

Regenerates water flows

Eliminates concept of waste

Fosters health + well-being

Creates and supports vibrant habitats

Becomes an international model of sustaining mobility systems

WM+P Scope:

Articulate the 100% good vision for a “world-class” sustaining city

Evaluate design team proposals against this vision of 100% good

TREASURE ISLAND

Proposed Strategies

Levels of Achievement

Level 1: Energy Efficiency Energy demands are reduced through good energy-efficient choices within a conventional model, made on a case-by-case basis (e.g., using ENERGY STAR products, increasing the performance of individual building envelopes).

Level 1: Energy Efficiency

Energy demands are reduced through good energy-efficient choices within a conventional model, made on a case-by-case basis (e.g., using ENERGY STAR products, increasing the performance of individual building envelopes).

Level 2: Preferential Energy Sourcing A development-wide strategy for reducing energy use is adopted. The use of high-impact electricity sources is reduced by giving preference to less-bad energy sources, purchasing green power, if feasible, or meeting a portion of energy demand through on-site renewable power.

Level 2: Preferential Energy Sourcing

A development-wide strategy for reducing energy use is adopted. The use of high-impact electricity sources is reduced by giving preference to less-bad energy sources, purchasing green power, if feasible, or meeting a portion of energy demand through on-site renewable power.

Level 3: Energy Integration and Carbon Assessment An integrated, site-wide energy protocol is used to identify synergies. From source to use, all energy flows are documented for carbon content. To extent feasible, renewable energy sources are used.

Level 3: Energy Integration and Carbon

Assessment

An integrated, site-wide energy protocol is used to identify synergies. From source to use, all energy flows are documented for carbon content. To extent feasible, renewable energy sources are used.

End Goal: Treasure Island is a carbon neutral community. All energy needs are met through renewable sources and all future development accounts for the generation of renewable power as part of its design. The embodied energy of the project’s construction is partially offset using carbon sequestration strategies.

End Goal: Treasure Island is a carbon

neutral community.

All energy needs are met through renewable sources and all future development accounts for the generation of renewable power as part of its design. The embodied energy of the project’s construction is partially offset using carbon sequestration strategies.

Cradle to Cradle Design Philosophy Design of the built environment in ways that eliminate waste. Understand cities and regions as living organisms with dynamic metabolisms. Photosynthesis Design surfaces that use the sun’s energy to produce either clean power or sequester carbon. Generative landscapes Create vibrant and diverse ecosystems that reinforce the natural cycles. Connectivity Create sense of community and evidence our interdependence with the natural world Interdependency Use metabolisms of mass, water and energy to recapture nutrients ECO-EFFECTIVE DESIGN AGENDA for buildings and communities

Cradle to Cradle Design Philosophy

Design of the built environment in ways that eliminate waste.

Understand cities and regions as living organisms with dynamic metabolisms.

Photosynthesis

Design surfaces that use the sun’s energy to produce either clean power or sequester carbon.

Generative landscapes

Create vibrant and diverse ecosystems that reinforce the natural cycles.

Connectivity

Create sense of community and evidence our interdependence with the natural world

Interdependency

Use metabolisms of mass, water and energy to recapture nutrients

FORD ROUGE CENTER “ We are committed to transforming an icon of 20th century industrialism into a model of 21st century sustainability.” – William Clay Ford, Jr. CEO & Chairman Ford Motor Company

FORD ROUGE CENTER

EXAMPLES | FORD ROUGE CONCEPT FRAMEWORK Quality Environment . Become tools of nature, creating conditions that allow her to restore the air, soil, water, and habitat. Quality Production. Embrace Ford’s heritage of innovation and business strength through design for a sustainable and prosperous future. Quality Workplace. Honor people and create and foster a workplace in which all are allowed to flourish. Quality Citizenship. Honor the people and communities of which the Rouge is a part and to which it will contribute.

Quality Environment . Become tools of nature, creating conditions that allow her to restore the air, soil, water, and habitat.

Quality Production. Embrace Ford’s heritage of innovation and business strength through design for a sustainable and prosperous future.

Quality Workplace. Honor people and create and foster a workplace in which all are allowed to flourish.

Quality Citizenship. Honor the people and communities of which the Rouge is a part and to which it will contribute.

EXAMPLES | FORD ROUGE CONCEPT FRAMEWORK Quality Environment Soil Water Air Habitat Industrial Landscape Quality Corporate Citizenship Architectural History Automotive Heritage Quality Workplace Daylighting Healthy Workplace Employee Support Transportation Quality Production Industrial Buildings Material Flow

Quality Environment. Become tools of nature, creating conditions that allow her to restore the air, soil, water, and habitat. Target Area: Water Goals: Treat water as a precious resource by reusing it to the maximum extent possible. Release to the ecosystem only water that is clean, healthy, and ready for reuse. EXAMPLES | FORD ROUGE CONCEPT FRAMEWORK

Quality Environment. Become tools of nature, creating conditions that allow her to restore the air, soil, water, and habitat.

Target Area: Water

Goals: Treat water as a precious resource by reusing it to the maximum extent possible.

Release to the ecosystem only water that is clean, healthy, and ready for reuse.

Target Area: Water Goals: Treat water as a precious resource by reusing it to the maximum extent possible. Release to the ecosystem only water that is clean, healthy, and ready for reuse. Strategies: Storm Water Filtration Green Roofs, Creek Restoration Heat Recovery Grey Water EXAMPLES | FORD ROUGE CONCEPT FRAMEWORK

Target Area: Water

Goals: Treat water as a precious resource by reusing it to the maximum extent possible.

Release to the ecosystem only water that is clean, healthy, and ready for reuse.

Strategies: Storm Water Filtration

Green Roofs,

Creek Restoration

Heat Recovery

Grey Water

FORD ROUGE CENTER

FORD ROUGE CENTER storm water strategies

FORD ROUGE CENTER storm water strategies

FORD ROUGE CENTER storm water strategies

FORD ROUGE CENTER storm water strategies

FORD ROUGE CENTER storm water strategies

Hedgerows and Vegetated Drainage Swales FORD ROUGE CENTER storm water strategies

Trees Shrubs Ground cover FORD ROUGE CENTER ecological infrastructure

Cost of Conventional System $50,000,000 Includes costs for meeting regulatory requirements, which dictated the construction of an onsite treatment plant for dealing with large storm water events Cost of Installed System $15,000,000 All storm water is cleaned through natural filters, eliminating the need for regulatory requirements Savings $35,000,000 Calculated from straight costs alone and does not account for energy and operational savings FORD ROUGE CENTER business case

HALI’IMAILE an altered landscape, ecology and society

Cradle to Cradle Design create a model for environmentally sustainable coastal communities Traditional Neighborhood Design create villages and neighborhoods that foster community and pedestrianability Affordability address both capital and operational costs of living Cultural Memory honor and integrate traditional island customs and practices of resourcefulness HALI’IMAILE PRINICPLES

Cradle to Cradle Design

create a model for environmentally sustainable coastal communities

Traditional Neighborhood Design

create villages and neighborhoods that foster community and pedestrianability

Affordability

address both capital and operational costs of living

Cultural Memory

honor and integrate traditional island customs and practices of resourcefulness

Cradle to Cradle Design create a model for environmentally sustainable coastal communities Goal to create an environmentally intelligent infrastructure integrated within the organization and pattern of the new community HALI’IMAILE PRINICPLES

Cradle to Cradle Design

create a model for environmentally sustainable coastal communities

Goal

to create an environmentally intelligent infrastructure integrated within the organization and pattern of the new community

Integrated Water System Goals Use water at its optimum level of quality Return only clean water to the ecosystem Capture organic nutrients from the waste water stream for productive use Strive to achieve a water balance on site HALI’IMAILE PRINICPLES

Integrated Water System Goals

Use water at its optimum level of quality

Return only clean water to the ecosystem

Capture organic nutrients from the waste water stream for productive use

Strive to achieve a water balance on site

- deforestation for agriculture - water diversion by complex irrigation ditch system - competition for limited water resources by resort, agriculture, and residential uses HALI’IMAILE

- deforestation for agriculture

- water diversion by complex irrigation ditch system

- competition for limited water resources by resort, agriculture, and residential uses

HALI’IMAILE water base case analysis

Inputs 844.22 million gallons of rainfall per year 978.5 million gallons of well water for potable and non-potable use Outputs 502.6 million gallons to sanitary sewer 525.94 million gallons to storm sewer HALI’IMAILE water base case analysis Storm Sewer Source - Well Water Source - Rain Water Evapotranspiration/Ground Water Recharge Sanitary Sewer

HALI’IMAILE water optimization analysis

Conventional 70 gpd dominated by toilets and clothes washers Optimized 36 gpd clothes washer ultra-low flow toilets Water savings 73 m gal /year HALI’IMAILE water optimization analysis

HALI’IMAILE water optimization analysis

Rainwater Harvest Diagram HALI’IMAILE water optimization – rainwater harvesting

HALI’IMAILE water optimization – rainwater harvesting

HALI’IMAILE water optimization – rainwater harvesting

Membrane Bioreactor Plant – 4o ft w x 80 ft l x 20 ft h for 200 homes Recycled water distributed back to end users. Source: Dover Kohl & Partners HALI’IMAILE waste water optimization – decentralization strategy

HALI’IMAILE cradle to cardle nutrient flows

Conventional Water Budget Optimized Water Budget Comparative Analysis - 70% reduction in well water use - nutrient recapture - 90% reduction in sanitary water output - 100% reduction in SW effluent HALI’IMAILE base case and optimization case comparision

EXAMPLES | ALMERE PRINCIPLES Cultivate diversity. Connect place and context. Combine city and nature. Anticipate change. Continue innovation. Design healthy systems. Empower people to make the city. Importance of diversity (economic, social, environmental) Interconnectedness of nature, the city and the region/ecosystem Design to anticipate change Social empowerment Need for a clear identity

Cultivate diversity.

Connect place and context.

Combine city and nature.

Anticipate change.

Continue innovation.

Design healthy systems.

Empower people to make the city.

What is a cradle to cradle island? Does it inform the shape? Can we eliminate the concept of waste on the island? Can waste liabilities be captured as nutrient assets for use on the island or nearby? What are the primary building materials? Where are they from? Are they healthy? Can they be recaptured after use? Where will they go? PAMPUS ALMERE

What is a cradle to cradle island?

Does it inform the shape?

Can we eliminate the concept of waste on the island?

Can waste liabilities be captured as nutrient assets for use on the island or nearby?

What are the primary building materials? Where are they from? Are they healthy? Can they be recaptured after use? Where will they go?

Enhance diversity Create connections See the setting Combine functions Become producer of energy and clean air, water Future-resistent and flexible Show it, make it to be felt and give it character RWS PRINCIPLES (Draft)

Enhance diversity

Create connections

See the setting

Combine functions

Become producer of energy and clean air, water

Future-resistent and flexible

Show it, make it to be felt and give it character

Our goal is a delightfully diverse, safe, healthy and just world — with clean air, water, soil and power — economically, equitably, ecologically and elegantly enjoyed.

“ Make It Right”: First Generation

“ Make It Right”: Fourth Generation

“ Make It Right”: Seventh Generation