Similar to Rosanna De Rosa: Voice of the People or Cybercratic Centralism? The italian case of Beppe Grillo and Movimento Cinque Stelle – Five Stars Movement
Similar to Rosanna De Rosa: Voice of the People or Cybercratic Centralism? The italian case of Beppe Grillo and Movimento Cinque Stelle – Five Stars Movement (20)
Green Aesthetic Ripped Paper Thesis Defense Presentation_20240311_111012_0000...
Rosanna De Rosa: Voice of the People or Cybercratic Centralism? The italian case of Beppe Grillo and Movimento Cinque Stelle – Five Stars Movement
1. The
italian
case
of
Beppe
Grillo
and
Movimento
Cinque
Stelle
Rosanna
De
Rosa,
University
of
Naples
Federico
II
(rderosa@unina.it)
Cedem
2013
Krems
3. Grillo,
Person
of
the
Year,
2004
Time
Magazine
21
may
2012,
after
local
election
4. A
grassroots
request
for
change
the
legislation
consisting
of
three
points:
• no
to
anyone
involved
in
criminal
lawsuits
standing
for
parliament,
• no
to
re-‐election
after
two
mandates
• yes
to
direct
election
of
candidates
«we
are
tired
of
feel
ashamed
for
you»
6. The
Meetup
platform
is
used
as
a
meta-‐organization
platform
for
5SM
groups
and
activities
(Lanfrey
2012)
One
star
for
each
of
the
cardinal
points
the
Movement
upholds:
• environment
• water
• development
• connectivity
• transport
7. Most
of
them
were
born
in
the
South
of
Italy
but
live
in
the
North-‐East.
The
vast
majority
of
them
are
white-‐
collar
workers
or
self-‐employed
professionals
in
private
firms,
with
a
smaller
group
of
university
students.
There
are
no
unemployed
members
or
people
working
on
short-‐term
contracts.
5SM
activists
would
like
to
help
Italy
move
forward
but
they
feel
blocked
by
a
political
class
who
are
incapable
of
modernising
themselves
or
the
country,
preferring
to
insist
with
conservative
strategies.
They
appear
very
radical
as
regards
public
administration,
the
media,
the
jobs
market.
They
also
refute
the
idea
of
leaderism
and
anti-‐politics
as
media
simplification
preferring
to
think
of
themselves
as
anti-‐bad
politics
(Orazi
and
Socci,
2008).
Mp
Crimi
Mp
Lombardi
Mp
Fico
8. 2008
(local
election):
30
local
administration
7
borough
officials
2009
(local
election):
64
local
administrations
23
elected
as
borough
officials
6
elected
as
district
representatives
2010
(local
and
regional
election)
5
regions
and
12
local
administration
4
elected
as
regional
representatives
7
elected
as
borough
officials
2011
77
local
administration
53
elected
as
borough
officials
2012
103
local
administration
173
elected
as
borough
officials
4
elected
as
mayor
9. Genova
over
15%
Verona
9,5%
La
Spezia
and
Alessandria
11,7
%
In
Sicily,
5SM
is
the
first
party
with
18,20%
of
votes
and
15
elected
officials
10. The
5sM’s
new
political
offer
emerges
There
is
an
empty
space
that
a
new
form
of
representation
could
fill
Social
Media
has
reached
a
critical
mass
of
people
Political
corruption
reached
levels
never
so
hight
since
Tangentopoli
Meantime,
Italy
is
starting
to
feel
the
crisis
arriving
In
Europe,
the
country’s
credibility
have
reached
an
all-‐time
low
Up
to
83%
of
citizens
do
not
trust
political
parties
any
more
Traditional
institutional
equilibriums
seemed
to
be
wavering
Both
the
right-‐wing
and
the
left-‐wing
appear
swamped
in
internal
debate
Italian
political
scene
had
never
looked
so
wobbly
13. The
blog
plays
a
central
role
in
information,
communication
and
regulation
of
groups
The
MeetUp
groups
are
strictly
local
organisations
making
for
the
kind
of
in-‐depth
knowledge
of
local
issues
Activists
who
decide
to
stand
for
election
accept
to
campaign
always
and
only
on
behalf
of
local
issues
Candidates
are
not
allowed
to
stand
for
other
elections
while
they
are
in
office.
The
cult
of
the
persona
and
careerist
ambition
are
discouraged,
because
they
want
to
keep
the
movement
firmly
focused
on
its
principle
of
direct
representation.
The
mandate
stipulates
that
elected
candidates
need
to
account
for
their
work
every
so
often.
The
problem
of
political
leadership
at
local
level
has
been
solved
by
making
it
answerable
to,
and
mutually
dependent
on,
the
constituency
it
represents
Decision-‐making
therefore
works
on
a
proxy-‐voting
system,
facilitated
by
appropriate
technological
support.
Any
elected
is
a
delegate
of
the
movement
14. The
5S
people
is
inspired
by
the
liquid
democracy
model,
based
on
proxy
vote.
Groups
are
testing
platforms
such
as
LiquidFeedback
and
Airesis,
but
it
seems
that
Casaleggio
and
Grillo
are
thinking
to
something
else
15. Parlamentarie
The
primary
election
that
Grillo
organised
to
select
his
candidates
for
parliament
Tsunami
Tour
Grillo’
electoral
Campaign
5S
eParliament
Streaming
partisan
relationships
and
parliament
works
Quirinarie
The
primary
election
to
select
the
Head
of
the
State
199
Route
Campaign
The
number
of
lists
presented
to
the
2013
local
election
(on
700
administration
to
be
renewed)
16. The
Profile
of
Parlamentarie
Date:
3-‐6
december
2012
Number
of
candidates:
1.486
Number
of
Voters:
20.252
(out
of
31.612)
Number
of
possible
choices:
3
Expressed
votes:
57272
(potential
votes
were
60756)
Male
candidates:
87,15
%
Female
candidates:
12,85
%
(only
192
out
of
1486)
Average
age:
42
years
Young
candidates:
10%
is
less
then
29
years
old
Professionals
and
Employees
in
Private
Firms:
42,49
%
Number
of
students:
2,49
This mini-sample shows that the 5SM does not fit the so-called “populist” people
17. A
multiplier
factor
A
gender
factor
A
merit
factor
Age-‐group
factor
Rules
that
have
inspired
the
formation
of
the
list
Female
Young
18. 18
december
2012:
The
Statute
defines
the
electoral
status
of
the
movement
Opinion
polling
agencies
rank
the
movement
up
20%
About
300.000
registered
people
to
the
Grillo
networks
Meetup
groups
rose
from
500
to
over
1000
January:
The
Tsunami
Campaign
starts.
Grillo
meet
citizens
in
over
70
squares
Old
and
new
media
are
used
to
amplify
the
campaign,
to
bridge
online
and
offline
electorate
(webTV)
Young
and
students:
the
post-‐political
electorate
target-‐group
to
reach
19. Use
of
anti-‐
language
and
going
negative
Re-‐mediation
of
communication
Shared
goals:
giving
people
an
objective
to
fight
for
Organised
communities
Micro-‐
mobilisation
Social-‐
empowering
Unifying
media
and
message
Globalizing
the
network
Creating
a
seamless
environment
20. Vote
intention
on
Social
Networks
Over
1.300.000
likes
on
Facebook
Over
1.200.000
followers
on
Twitter
Over
1.100
Meetup
groups
Number
of
mentions
on
Social
Networks
The
web
became
the
connective
tissue,
the
megaphone
and
the
organising
principle
behind
a
campaign
that
offers
seamless
movement
between
different
reality
spaces
(online/offline).
It
worked
as
an
integrated
whole
with
citizen-‐voters
at
its
heart,
hubs
in
a
power
network
who
themselves
took
on
the
job
of
stripping
old
politicians
of
their
role
and
restructuring
democratic
processes,
with
parliament
in
central
position.
21. The
Movement
got
8.69
million
votes
in
total,
2.4
million
in
the
South,
2.1
in
the
North-‐East,
and
1.6
in
the
so-‐called
“red
regions”
(Data
Cattaneo
Institute).
In
the
Lower
House,
the
5SM
comes
second
to
the
Pd,
with
25.55%
of
the
votes.
In
the
Senate
it
gets
23.79%
of
the
votes.
22. LiquidFeedback
Airesis
Either
secret
and
open
ballot
Collaborative
wiki
User-‐friendly
platform
Proxy
vote
Non-‐secret
ballots
Schultze
metod
Open
Source
Proxy
vote
Which
platform
can
support
5SM
delegates
within
the
parliament?
• Goals:
• Engaging
activists
in
the
decision-‐making
process
• Freeing
“delegates“
by
Casaleggio
and
Grillo
Control
• Ensuring
internal
democracy
and
effectiveness
• Introducing
new
procedures
in
representative
institutions
23. Video
streaming
democracy
is
the
new
format
adopted
by
5S
activists
which
has
serious
implications
on
transparency
and
control.
The
control
chain
and
the
no-‐confidence
stance
are
very
closely-‐linked.
The
5SM
activists
control
the
political
classes
and
have
seats
within
the
institutions
but
the
activists
are
controlled
by
the
Movement,
thus
making
the
accountability
process
a
more
and
more
central
question.
24. An
online
deliberative
polling
to
select
the
head
of
State
Little
number,
greater
audience
The
debate
spreads
the
web
The
process
highlights
the
distance
between
will
of
people
and
partitocratic
agreements
The
movement
become
the
Lobby
of
People
25. The
Grillo’blog
is
the
central
node
of
the
movement
Grillo
and
Casaleggio
dictates
the
political
line
Grillo
hold
exclusive
rights
on
the
brand
name
Rule
are
established
by
Grillo
and
Casaleggio
Negative
and
positive
incentives
are
used
to
control
the
network
Activists
need
to
submit
to
both
the
Grillo’
blog
and
Local
MeetUp
Grillo’s
Communicati
on
model
is
broadcasting
Local
organization
are
inclusive
but
selective
at
same
time
Local
organization
are
free
to
manage
themself
Local
organization
chooses
the
issues
to
fights
for
They
all
share
the
idea
of
connected
intelligence
and
wisdom
of
crowds
The
communication
model
of
5SM
is
netcasting
26. 45%
of
M5S
voters
thinks
that
parties
will
become
more
and
more
weak
33%
of
M5S
voters
thinks
that
parties
are
destined
to
die
16%
of
M5S
voters
thinks
that
there
is
space
only
for
movements
27. • Grillo’s
5SM
is
the
tip
of
the
iceberg
of
a
complex
phenomenon
that
emerges
from
the
separation
between
legitimacy
and
trust,
two
principles
which
theories
of
democracy
and
representation
had
merged
together
in
the
form
of
electoral
processes
(Rosanvallon,
2008).
• The
electoral
process
can
no
longer
be
seen
as
sufficient
reason
for
keeping
afloat
a
political
class
that
fails
to
respond
to
citizens’
needs
and,
more
importantly,
fails
to
deserve
their
trust.
• Grillo
is
then
a
product
of
a
set
of
a
unique
circumstances:
the
political
and
economical
situation,
the
party
system
crisis,
the
transformative
power
of
new
media,
which
now
are
enabling
a
critical
mass
of
citizens
to
claim
their
rights,
demanding
transparency,
effectiveness
and
participation
in
political
processes.
• In
this
contest,
the
movement
can
be
seen
as
a
technological
organization
of
distrust.