Google Go Overview

Google Go Web Technology Talks Meeting - 24.8.2010 Moritz Haarmann

It includes a http-server thats why it‘s a web-technology.

Moritz Haarmann • GTUG/NA Founding Member • Interests: Android, iPhone, Web and Open Technologies • 25y, writing my Bachelor Thesis ( CompScience ), HdM Stuttgart • @derwildemomo

Thinks to talk about

Thinks to talk about Why Google decided to go. ( Speculation )

Thinks to talk about Why Google decided to go. ( Speculation ) Go Basics

Thinks to talk about Why Google decided to go. ( Speculation ) Go Basics Cool Ideas

Thinks to talk about Why Google decided to go. ( Speculation ) Get you Go Basics Cool Ideas going

Why Go?

C is still second-most used but almost 40 years old and notoriously unsafe

Java is not always an option read: System programming

Python etc. also rock Same problem: Though they are cool, they cannot be applied to any problem

38 years after the invention of C No real Alternative

Go Basics

The Basics

The Basics • Compiled, no Bytecode/Interpreter

The Basics • Compiled, no Bytecode/Interpreter • Static Typing

The Basics • Compiled, no Bytecode/Interpreter • Static Typing • Concurrent, Functional, Imperative Paradigms satisﬁed

The Basics • Compiled, no Bytecode/Interpreter • Static Typing • Concurrent, Functional, Imperative Paradigms satisﬁed • Clean design, familiar C-like Syntax

The Basics • Compiled, no Bytecode/Interpreter • Static Typing • Concurrent, Functional, Imperative Paradigms satisﬁed • Clean design, familiar C-like Syntax • Garbage Collector: its problem is not yours.

Always ask!

Hello World package main import "fmt" func main() { fmt.Println("Hello, World") }

Functions with super-cow-powers.

Simple Function func simpleFunction() { (...) } func caller() { simpleFunction() }

Better Functions

Better Functions func Function(an int) (int) { return an + 1 }

Better Functions func Function(an int) (int) { return an + 1 } func Function(an int) (returnValue int, another int) { returnValue = an + in another = returnValue * 5 return }

Better Functions func Function(an int) (int) { return an + 1 } func Function(an int) (returnValue int, another int) { returnValue = an + in another = returnValue * 5 return } a,_ = Function(1)

Functionals func execFunc(aFunc func()) { aFunc() }

Functionals func execFunc(aFunc func()) { aFunc() var anotherF = func(){ fmt.Println("Thats another function") } execFunc(anotherF) }

Packages in a short

Packages • Form the core organizational unit • one package - one ﬁle • entry point: Package main with function main • Function visibility: First letter decides! ( func invisible() vs. func Visible() ) • many packages shipped for common tasks, e.g. http

Package Example package main import "fmt" func main() { fmt.Println("Hello, World") }

a parallel world

Sharing Memory information a a information a information information a information a a information a information information a information a a information a information information a information a a information a information information a information a a information a information information a information a a information a information information a

Sharing by Communicating information a information b information b information b information b information b information b information a information a information a information a information a

Do not communicate by sharing memory; instead, share memory by communicating

Goroutines & Channels

Goroutine func showGo() { go func(){ time.Sleep(20) fmt.Println("parallel.") } }

Channels

Channels • First-Class Value Object

Channels • First-Class Value Object • Typed, e.g. chan int is a channel transporting ints.

Channels • First-Class Value Object • Typed, e.g. chan int is a channel transporting ints. • buffered, that is async, or unbuffered and therefore synchronous channel

Channels • First-Class Value Object • Typed, e.g. chan int is a channel transporting ints. • buffered, that is async, or unbuffered and therefore synchronous channel • Brainfuck ( for now ): channels of channels!

Sorting in background c := make(chan int) go func() { list.Sort() c <- 1 }() doSomethingForAWhile() <-c

WTF? • Goroutines and Channels hide the complexity of threads, mutexes and other hard-to-master stuff effectively

WTF? • Goroutines and Channels hide the complexity of threads, mutexes and other hard-to-master stuff effectively • Race conditions, deadlocks etc are impossible.

WTF? • Goroutines and Channels hide the complexity of threads, mutexes and other hard-to-master stuff effectively • Race conditions, deadlocks etc are impossible. • Another underlying thought model

A word on types

A word on types • Known types are known ( int, unsigned )

A word on types • Known types are known ( int, unsigned ) • First-Class UTF-8 Strings

A word on types • Known types are known ( int, unsigned ) • First-Class UTF-8 Strings • Arrays, Maps

A word on types • Known types are known ( int, unsigned ) • First-Class UTF-8 Strings • Arrays, Maps • Custom Types

A word on types • Known types are known ( int, unsigned ) • First-Class UTF-8 Strings • Arrays, Maps • Custom Types • Arrays++: Slices

A word on types • Known types are known ( int, unsigned ) • First-Class UTF-8 Strings • Arrays, Maps • Custom Types • Arrays++: Slices • Pointers but no arithmetic ( guess why )

Slices

Slices • Type- and Boundsafe Array Wrappers, that can be easily generated and passed around

Slices • Type- and Boundsafe Array Wrappers, that can be easily generated and passed around • Reference to underlying data

Slices • Type- and Boundsafe Array Wrappers, that can be easily generated and passed around • Reference to underlying data • Safe, fast and easy to use

Interfaces

Interfaces • Duck Typing-Style

Interfaces • Duck Typing-Style • Quite Useful

A bit OO • Functions operating on a type

... type Momo struct { a int b int } func (m *Momo) wakeUp { m.shakeAlmostToDeath() } var m = new(Momo) m.wakeUp()

Not discussed today

Not discussed today • A lot

Not discussed today • A lot • Allocation, Memory Handling

Not discussed today • A lot • Allocation, Memory Handling • Built-In gimmicks ( Do.once, init )

Not discussed today • A lot • Allocation, Memory Handling • Built-In gimmicks ( Do.once, init ) • Error Handling

Not discussed today • A lot • Allocation, Memory Handling • Built-In gimmicks ( Do.once, init ) • Error Handling • The bitchy compiler

Not discussed today • A lot • Allocation, Memory Handling • Built-In gimmicks ( Do.once, init ) • Error Handling • The bitchy compiler • Embedding

Questions?

http://tinyurl.com/gotalk2010 und danke!

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Google Go Overview

by Moritz Haarmann

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