Hydrofluoric Acid #2

Chemical Logistic Mini project Group Members: Chee Wai Yee* Goh Delphine Goh Xin Yi Huang Jia

Hydrofluoric Acid
POISONOUS!
DANGEROUS!
CORROSIVE!
Extremely hazardous liquid and vapour

Hazard Involved
Causes severe burns which may not be painful or visible immediately.
May be fatal if swallowed or inhaled.
Liquid and vapour can burn skin, eyes and respiratory tract.
Bone Damage
Reaction with certain metals may generate flammable and explosive hydrogen gas

First Aid Measures
Inhalation: Get medical help immediately.
If patient is unconscious, give artificial respiration or use inhalator. Keep patient warm and resting, and send to hospital after first aid is complete.

First Aid Measures
Ingestion: If swallowed, DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. Give large quantities of water. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Get medical attention immediately.

First Aid Measures
Skin Contact: 1) Remove the victim from the contaminated area and immediately place him under a safety shower or wash him with a water hose, whichever is available.
2) Remove all contaminated clothing.
3) Keep washing with large amounts of water for a minimum of 15 to 20 minutes.
4) Have someone make arrangements for medical attention while you continue flushing the affected area with water.

First Aid Measures
Eye Contact: 1) Irrigate eyes for at least 30 minutes with copious quantities of water, keeping the eyelids apart and away from eyeballs during irrigation.
2) Get an eye specialist, preferably.
3) Do not use oily drops or ointment. Place ice pack on eyes until reaching emergency room.

Fire and Explosion Data
Flash Point (Method used): None
Flammable Limits: N/A
Extinguishing Media: Use media appropriate to surrounding fire.

Fire and Explosion Data
Special fire-fighting Procedures: Mists and fumes are corrosive and harmful.
Firefighters should wear self-contained
breathing apparatus and full
protective gear when fighting fires
involving this product.
Unusual Fire and Explosion Hazards : This product reacts with metal, and may liberate hazardous quantities of hydrogen gas.

Uses in Industries
Propellants and solvents
Insecticide and fertilizer production
Brewery – control of fermentation
Etching and frosting glassware
Fabric industry – stain removal

Uses in Industries
Leather industry – tanning
Wielding and stainless steel pickling
Production of high octane fuels
Drugs and dye production
Manufacture of semiconductors

Incidences of minor or Major Pollution/ Accidents
Frequency
United States
More than 1000 cases of HF exposure are reported annually. Actual incidence rate is unknown.
Mortality/Morbidity
Local effects include tissue destruction and necrosis. Burns may involve underlying bone.
Systemic fluoride ion poisoning from severe burns may be associated with hypocalcemia, hyperkalemia, hypomagnesemia, and sudden death.
Deaths have been reported from concentrated acid burns to as little as 2.5% BSA.
Sex
Males are affected more commonly, which reflects occupational patterns.
Age
The majority of exposures occur in adults.

History
Time of exposure to onset of symptoms is related to the concentration of the HF acid.
Solutions of 14.5% immediately produce symptoms.
Solutions of 12% may take up to an hour to produce symptoms.
Solutions of less than 7% may take several hours before onset of symptoms, resulting in delayed presentation, deeper penetration of the undissociated HF acid, and a more severe burn.
Concentrated solutions cause immediate pain and produce surface burns similar to those produced by other common acids (eg, erythema, blistering, necrosis).
Pain typically is described as deep, burning, or throbbing.
Pain often is disproportionate to apparent skin involvement.

History
Obtain history of potential exposure to cleaning solutions within the last 24 hours, to include the following:
Duration of exposure
Concentration of acid
Use of protective measures
Other agents in the solution
Symptoms of hypocalcemia
Tetany
Chvostek sign
Trousseau sign
Cardiac arrhythmias
Additionally, obtain history of medications and intercurrent illness that predispose patient to hypocalcemia or hypomagnesemia.

Physical
Weaker solutions penetrate before dissociating.
Surface involvement in these cases is minimal and may be absent.
Three categories of appearance include the following:
Grade 1 - A white burn mark and/or erythema and pain
Grade 2 - A white burn mark and/or erythema and pain, plus edema and blistering
Grade 3 - A white burn mark and/or erythema and pain, edema, and blistering, plus necrosis
Patients with inhalation burns may develop acute pulmonary edema.
Ocular burns may present with severe pain.

Article #1
“ Roads closed in acid leak probe”
Bristol Evening Post - July 23, 2004
Roads and fields have been closed in Avonmouth after a leak of poisonous and highly corrosive acid, Hydrofluoric acid. It has been found leaking in the Kingsweston Rhine watercourse, and the area has been declared out of bounds. It was first discovered on Monday, when a fisherman reported dead fish in a pond fed by the rhine.
Reference - http://poisonfluoride.com/pfpc/html/avonmouth.html

Pictures

MSDS (material safety data sheet)
a form containing data regarding the
properties of a particular substance
an important data in about workplace safety
The exact format of an MSDS can vary from source to source within a country depending on how specific is the national requirement.
MSDS are widely used system for cataloging information on chemicals , chemical compounds , and chemical mixtures .

How is MSDS useful in involving the logistic of moving chemical?
provide logisticians
and emergency personnel with procedures for handling or working with that substance in a safe manner when moving chemical

it also includes information such as physical data, toxicity, health effects, first aid, reactivity, storage, disposal, protective equipment, and spill handling procedures for the logistician.

MSDS information also include instructions for the logistician in the safe use and potential hazard associated with a particular material or product.

Hydrofluoric Acid #2

by Delphine Goh on May 20, 2008

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