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Present Perfect
Continuous
form
He has been drinking.
He has been drinking.
1 2 3
He has been drinking.
1. ‘to have’
auxiliary
in present:
have / has
He has been drinking.
2. ‘to be’
auxiliary
past participle:
been
He has been drinking.
3. main verb
present participle:
—ing
period to the present
It’s been raining for 3 hours.
It’s been raining for 3 hours.
It started raining 3 hours ago
It’s been raining for 3 hours.
It started raining 3 hours ago
and it’s still raining now
this is the same concept as the
Present Perfect Simple
I live in Rome (present duration)
I live in Rome (present duration)
+ for 23 years (period)
I live in Rome (present duration)
+ for 23 years (period)
= I’ve lived in Rome for 23 years
(present perfect)
It’s raining (present duration)
It’s raining (present duration)
+ for 3 hours (period)
It’s raining (present duration)
+ for 3 hours (period)
= It’s been raining for 3 hours
(present perfect continuous)
the Present Perfect Simple
describes longer,
more permanent
periods
the Present Perfect Continuous
describes shorter,
more temporary
periods
Present Perfect Simple
vs.
Present Perfect Continuous
1. state verbs
I know her.
I know her.
-- how long --
I know her.
+ only 5 minutes
I know her.
or
I know her.
+ 15 years
I’ve only known her
for 5 minutes.
or
I’ve known her
for 15 years.
I’ve only known her
for 5 minutes.
short
temporary
period
I’ve known her
for 15 years.
long
permanent
period
I’ve (only) known her
for 5 minutes / 15 years.
short or long period
the tense is simple
I’ve (only) known her
for 5 minutes / 15 years.
short or long period
the tense is simple
because ‘know’ is a state verb
I’ve only known her
for 5 minutes.
state verbs never
used in continuous
tenses
2. long period
She works at IBM.
She works at IBM.
-- how long --
She works at IBM.
+ 10 years
She’s worked at IBM
for 10 years.
She’s worked at IBM
for 10 years.
long
permanent
period
She’s worked at IBM
for 10 years.
‘simple’
for long period
She’s been working at IBM
for 10 years.
BUT
She’s been working at IBM
for 10 years.
in spoken English
the ‘continuous’ is
also possible
3. short periods
We’re waiting
We’re waiting
-- how long --
We’re waiting
+ 15 minutes
We’ve been waiting
for 15 minutes.
We’ve been waiting
for 15 minutes.
short
temporary
period
We’ve been waiting
for 15 minutes.
‘continuous’
for short period
summary
state verbs long periods short periods
present I know her. She works at IBM. We’re waiting.
‘simple’ I’ve known her
for 5 minutes.
She’s worked at IBM
for 10 years.
-
‘continuous’ - (She’s been working
at IBM for 10 years.)
We’ve been waiting
for 15 minutes.
it’s the present tense verb that
decides
state verbs long periods short periods
present I know her. She works at IBM. We’re waiting.
‘simple’ I’ve known her
for 5 minutes.
She’s worked at IBM
for 10 years.
-
‘continuous’ - (She’s been working
at IBM for 10 years.)
We’ve been waiting
for 15 minutes.
NB. negatives
She’s been checking her email
all day.
BUT
I’m not checking my email.
I’m not checking my email
-- how long --
I’m not checking my email
+ the start of the lesson
I haven’t checked my email
since the start of the lesson
I haven’t checked my email
since the start of the lesson
NOT
I haven’t been checking
use the Present Perfect Simple
NOT the Continuous
for negative periods
to the present
present perfect simple or continuous (or both)
She has worked / has been working since 3pm.
They haven’t studied / haven’t been studying for 3 days.
I have wanted / have been wanting this CD since it came out.
They have waited / have been waiting for 30 minutes.
How long has he studied / has he been studying English?
He has studied / has been studying economics since 2011.
I have had / have been having this computer for 2 weeks.
We have walked / have been walking for 4 hours.
How long have you lived / have you been living in Rome?
It hasn’t rained / hasn’t been raining since lunchtime.
She has played / has been playing tennis since 1999.
present perfect simple or continuous (or both)
She has worked / has been working since 3pm. cont. in present
They haven’t studied / haven’t been studying for 3 days. negative
I have wanted / have been wanting this CD since it came out. state verb
They have waited / have been waiting for 30 minutes. short period
How long has he studied / has he been studying English? cont. in present
He has studied / has been studying economics since 2011. cont. in present
I have had / have been having this computer for 2 weeks. state verb
We have walked / have been walking for 4 hours. cont. in present
How long have you lived / (have you been living) in Rome? long period
It hasn’t rained / hasn’t been raining since lunchtime. negative
She has played / (has been playing) tennis since 1999. long period
recent past
someone’s been eating
my sandwich!
Present Perfect Continuous
Goldilocks grammar!
…
Goldilocks fell asleep. And as she was sleeping, the three
bears came home.
"Someone's been eating my porridge," growled Papa bear.
"Someone's been eating my porridge," said Mama bear.
"Someone's been eating my porridge and
they’ve eaten it all up!" cried Baby bear.
"Someone's been sitting in my chair," growled Papa bear.
"Someone's been sitting in my chair," said Mama bear.
"Someone's been sitting in my chair and
they've broken it all to pieces," cried Baby bear.
…
…
Goldilocks fell asleep. And as she was sleeping, the three
bears came home.
"Someone's been eating my porridge," growled Papa bear.
"Someone's been eating my porridge," said Mama bear.
"Someone's been eating my porridge and
they’ve eaten it all up!" cried Baby bear.
"Someone's been sitting in my chair," growled Papa bear.
"Someone's been sitting in my chair," said Mama bear.
"Someone's been sitting in my chair and
they've broken it all to pieces," cried Baby bear.
…
Present Perfect Continuous
someone’s been eating
my sandwich
emphasis on
incomplete activity
Present Perfect Continuous
someone’s eaten
my sandwich
emphasis on
conclusion
"Someone's been eating my porridge
and they’ve eaten it all up!"
Baby Bear wants
to emphasise both
activity and
conclusion
emphasis on conclusion also
means number
John’s been eating the cheese.
He’s drunk 2 bottles of wine.
John’s been eating the cheese.
He’s drunk 2 bottles of wine.
incomplete
activity
John’s been eating the cheese.
He’s drunk 2 bottles of wine.
conclusion (number)
John hasn’t been feeling very
well.
John hasn’t been feeling very
well.
you can use
negatives in the PPC
for the recent past
present perfect simple or continuous
I have cleaned / have been cleaning the windows.
I have done / have been doing four. There’s just one left.
You have done / have been doing Module 6.
You have done / have been doing Module 7.
You have done / have been doing the first 5 exercises.
I have read / have been reading three books this week.
She has written / has been writing emails today.
How many chapters have you studied /
have you been studying?
He hasn’t done / hasn’t been doing all the exercises.
He’s had / been having trouble with his computer recently.
He can’t send emails.
She has memorised / has been memorising verbs.
But she hasn’t learnt / hasn’t been learning very many.
present perfect simple or continuous
I have cleaned / have been cleaning the windows.
I have done / have been doing four. There’s just one left.
unfinished;
number
You have done / have been doing Module 6. conclusion
You have done / have been doing Module 7.
You have done / have been doing the first 5 exercises.
unfinished;
number
I have read / have been reading three books this week.
conclusion
(number)
She has written / has been writing emails today. activity
How many chapters have you studied /
have you been studying?
conclusion
(number)
He hasn’t done / hasn’t been doing all the exercises.
conclusion
(number)
He’s had / been having trouble with his computer recently.
He can’t send emails.
unfinished
She has memorised / has been memorising verbs.
But she hasn’t learnt / hasn’t been learning very many.
unfinished;
number
transitive
vs.
intransitive
I’ve been writing a lot recently.
I’ve written a lot recently.
I’ve been writing a lot recently.
I’ve written a lot recently.
intransitive verb
I’ve been writing a lot recently.
I’ve written a lot recently.
emphasis on
activity
I’ve been writing a lot recently.
I’ve written a lot recently.
emphasis on
conclusion
I’ve been writing a lot recently.
I’ve written a lot recently.
what’s the present
consequence
?
I’ve been writing a lot recently.
I’ve written a lot recently.
activity:
my wrist hurts
I haven’t been reading
etc
I’ve been writing a lot recently.
I’ve written a lot recently.
conclusion:
I’ve finished a lot of pages
etc
present perfect simple or continuous
She [talk] a lot.
Now she has a sore throat.
The Oracle [speak].
She won’t speak again for a long time.
He [study] very hard.
And he’s ready for the exam.
They [not study].
They might not pass the exam.
I [read] a lot.
Now my eyes are tired.
I [read] everything on the subject.
Now I know it all.
She [write] to everyone in her class.
Each person got a personalised card.
I [write] my thesis.
It’s going well.
present perfect simple or continuous
She has been talking a lot.
Now she has a sore throat.
activity
The Oracle has spoken.
She won’t speak again for a long time.
conclusion
He has studied very hard.
And he’s ready for the exam.
conclusion
They haven’t been studying.
They might not pass the exam.
activity
I have been reading a lot.
Now my eyes are tired.
activity
I have read everything on the subject.
Now I know it all.
conclusion
She has written to everyone in her class.
Each person got a personalised card.
conclusion
I have been writing my thesis.
It’s going well.
activity
experience recent past period to the
present
present perfect
simple
I’ve been to Paris. Someone’s eaten
my sandwich.
She’s worked for
IBM for 10 years.
present perfect
continuous
- Someone’s been
eating my sandwich.
It’s been raining for
3 hours.
homework
Present Perfect Continuous
www.davidnicholson.it

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Present Perfect Continuous

  • 3. He has been drinking.
  • 4. He has been drinking. 1 2 3
  • 5. He has been drinking. 1. ‘to have’ auxiliary in present: have / has
  • 6. He has been drinking. 2. ‘to be’ auxiliary past participle: been
  • 7. He has been drinking. 3. main verb present participle: —ing
  • 8. period to the present
  • 9. It’s been raining for 3 hours.
  • 10. It’s been raining for 3 hours. It started raining 3 hours ago
  • 11. It’s been raining for 3 hours. It started raining 3 hours ago and it’s still raining now
  • 12. this is the same concept as the Present Perfect Simple
  • 13. I live in Rome (present duration)
  • 14. I live in Rome (present duration) + for 23 years (period)
  • 15. I live in Rome (present duration) + for 23 years (period) = I’ve lived in Rome for 23 years (present perfect)
  • 17. It’s raining (present duration) + for 3 hours (period)
  • 18. It’s raining (present duration) + for 3 hours (period) = It’s been raining for 3 hours (present perfect continuous)
  • 19. the Present Perfect Simple describes longer, more permanent periods
  • 20. the Present Perfect Continuous describes shorter, more temporary periods
  • 24. I know her. -- how long --
  • 25. I know her. + only 5 minutes
  • 27. I know her. + 15 years
  • 28. I’ve only known her for 5 minutes.
  • 29. or
  • 30. I’ve known her for 15 years.
  • 31. I’ve only known her for 5 minutes. short temporary period
  • 32. I’ve known her for 15 years. long permanent period
  • 33. I’ve (only) known her for 5 minutes / 15 years. short or long period the tense is simple
  • 34. I’ve (only) known her for 5 minutes / 15 years. short or long period the tense is simple because ‘know’ is a state verb
  • 35. I’ve only known her for 5 minutes. state verbs never used in continuous tenses
  • 37. She works at IBM.
  • 38. She works at IBM. -- how long --
  • 39. She works at IBM. + 10 years
  • 40. She’s worked at IBM for 10 years.
  • 41. She’s worked at IBM for 10 years. long permanent period
  • 42. She’s worked at IBM for 10 years. ‘simple’ for long period
  • 43. She’s been working at IBM for 10 years. BUT
  • 44. She’s been working at IBM for 10 years. in spoken English the ‘continuous’ is also possible
  • 50. We’ve been waiting for 15 minutes. short temporary period
  • 51. We’ve been waiting for 15 minutes. ‘continuous’ for short period
  • 53. state verbs long periods short periods present I know her. She works at IBM. We’re waiting. ‘simple’ I’ve known her for 5 minutes. She’s worked at IBM for 10 years. - ‘continuous’ - (She’s been working at IBM for 10 years.) We’ve been waiting for 15 minutes.
  • 54. it’s the present tense verb that decides
  • 55. state verbs long periods short periods present I know her. She works at IBM. We’re waiting. ‘simple’ I’ve known her for 5 minutes. She’s worked at IBM for 10 years. - ‘continuous’ - (She’s been working at IBM for 10 years.) We’ve been waiting for 15 minutes.
  • 57. She’s been checking her email all day.
  • 58. BUT
  • 59. I’m not checking my email.
  • 60. I’m not checking my email -- how long --
  • 61. I’m not checking my email + the start of the lesson
  • 62. I haven’t checked my email since the start of the lesson
  • 63. I haven’t checked my email since the start of the lesson NOT I haven’t been checking
  • 64. use the Present Perfect Simple NOT the Continuous for negative periods to the present
  • 65. present perfect simple or continuous (or both) She has worked / has been working since 3pm. They haven’t studied / haven’t been studying for 3 days. I have wanted / have been wanting this CD since it came out. They have waited / have been waiting for 30 minutes. How long has he studied / has he been studying English? He has studied / has been studying economics since 2011. I have had / have been having this computer for 2 weeks. We have walked / have been walking for 4 hours. How long have you lived / have you been living in Rome? It hasn’t rained / hasn’t been raining since lunchtime. She has played / has been playing tennis since 1999.
  • 66. present perfect simple or continuous (or both) She has worked / has been working since 3pm. cont. in present They haven’t studied / haven’t been studying for 3 days. negative I have wanted / have been wanting this CD since it came out. state verb They have waited / have been waiting for 30 minutes. short period How long has he studied / has he been studying English? cont. in present He has studied / has been studying economics since 2011. cont. in present I have had / have been having this computer for 2 weeks. state verb We have walked / have been walking for 4 hours. cont. in present How long have you lived / (have you been living) in Rome? long period It hasn’t rained / hasn’t been raining since lunchtime. negative She has played / (has been playing) tennis since 1999. long period
  • 71. … Goldilocks fell asleep. And as she was sleeping, the three bears came home. "Someone's been eating my porridge," growled Papa bear. "Someone's been eating my porridge," said Mama bear. "Someone's been eating my porridge and they’ve eaten it all up!" cried Baby bear. "Someone's been sitting in my chair," growled Papa bear. "Someone's been sitting in my chair," said Mama bear. "Someone's been sitting in my chair and they've broken it all to pieces," cried Baby bear. …
  • 72. … Goldilocks fell asleep. And as she was sleeping, the three bears came home. "Someone's been eating my porridge," growled Papa bear. "Someone's been eating my porridge," said Mama bear. "Someone's been eating my porridge and they’ve eaten it all up!" cried Baby bear. "Someone's been sitting in my chair," growled Papa bear. "Someone's been sitting in my chair," said Mama bear. "Someone's been sitting in my chair and they've broken it all to pieces," cried Baby bear. …
  • 79. "Someone's been eating my porridge and they’ve eaten it all up!" Baby Bear wants to emphasise both activity and conclusion
  • 80. emphasis on conclusion also means number
  • 81. John’s been eating the cheese. He’s drunk 2 bottles of wine.
  • 82. John’s been eating the cheese. He’s drunk 2 bottles of wine. incomplete activity
  • 83. John’s been eating the cheese. He’s drunk 2 bottles of wine. conclusion (number)
  • 84. John hasn’t been feeling very well.
  • 85. John hasn’t been feeling very well. you can use negatives in the PPC for the recent past
  • 86. present perfect simple or continuous I have cleaned / have been cleaning the windows. I have done / have been doing four. There’s just one left. You have done / have been doing Module 6. You have done / have been doing Module 7. You have done / have been doing the first 5 exercises. I have read / have been reading three books this week. She has written / has been writing emails today. How many chapters have you studied / have you been studying? He hasn’t done / hasn’t been doing all the exercises. He’s had / been having trouble with his computer recently. He can’t send emails. She has memorised / has been memorising verbs. But she hasn’t learnt / hasn’t been learning very many.
  • 87. present perfect simple or continuous I have cleaned / have been cleaning the windows. I have done / have been doing four. There’s just one left. unfinished; number You have done / have been doing Module 6. conclusion You have done / have been doing Module 7. You have done / have been doing the first 5 exercises. unfinished; number I have read / have been reading three books this week. conclusion (number) She has written / has been writing emails today. activity How many chapters have you studied / have you been studying? conclusion (number) He hasn’t done / hasn’t been doing all the exercises. conclusion (number) He’s had / been having trouble with his computer recently. He can’t send emails. unfinished She has memorised / has been memorising verbs. But she hasn’t learnt / hasn’t been learning very many. unfinished; number
  • 89. I’ve been writing a lot recently. I’ve written a lot recently.
  • 90. I’ve been writing a lot recently. I’ve written a lot recently. intransitive verb
  • 91. I’ve been writing a lot recently. I’ve written a lot recently. emphasis on activity
  • 92. I’ve been writing a lot recently. I’ve written a lot recently. emphasis on conclusion
  • 93. I’ve been writing a lot recently. I’ve written a lot recently. what’s the present consequence ?
  • 94. I’ve been writing a lot recently. I’ve written a lot recently. activity: my wrist hurts I haven’t been reading etc
  • 95. I’ve been writing a lot recently. I’ve written a lot recently. conclusion: I’ve finished a lot of pages etc
  • 96. present perfect simple or continuous She [talk] a lot. Now she has a sore throat. The Oracle [speak]. She won’t speak again for a long time. He [study] very hard. And he’s ready for the exam. They [not study]. They might not pass the exam. I [read] a lot. Now my eyes are tired. I [read] everything on the subject. Now I know it all. She [write] to everyone in her class. Each person got a personalised card. I [write] my thesis. It’s going well.
  • 97. present perfect simple or continuous She has been talking a lot. Now she has a sore throat. activity The Oracle has spoken. She won’t speak again for a long time. conclusion He has studied very hard. And he’s ready for the exam. conclusion They haven’t been studying. They might not pass the exam. activity I have been reading a lot. Now my eyes are tired. activity I have read everything on the subject. Now I know it all. conclusion She has written to everyone in her class. Each person got a personalised card. conclusion I have been writing my thesis. It’s going well. activity
  • 98. experience recent past period to the present present perfect simple I’ve been to Paris. Someone’s eaten my sandwich. She’s worked for IBM for 10 years. present perfect continuous - Someone’s been eating my sandwich. It’s been raining for 3 hours.