Emerging From Web 2.0
Web 2.0 Expo Berlin 2007

\"Its definitely time to declare \"OpenID is a protocol made
OpenID a winner\" for the public, by the public.
TechCrunch No one owns or controls your
login information:You do.\"
37signals
\"...sees great potential for OpenID's use
alongside enterprise-ready software
infrastructure\"
Sun Microsystems
\"taking the world by storm\"
\"this high profile announcement marks
Tim O'Reilly
the importance of single sign on identity
technology to the future of the Internet\"
ReadWriteWeb

What is OpenID?
• Single sign-on for the web
• Simple and light-weight
(not going to replace your bank card pin)
• Easy to use and deploy
• Built upon proven existing technologies
(DNS, HTTP, SSL/TLS, Diffie-Hellman)
• Decentralized
(you don't have to ask anyone permission to implement it)
• Free!

An OpenID is a URI
• URLs are globally unique
and ubiquitous
• OpenID allows proving
ownership of an URI
• People already have
identity at URLs via
blogs, photos, MySpace,
FaceBook, etc
• People already describe
relationships via URLs
(e.g. links to my friends)

OpenID is Decentralized

Benefits
• Reduces the number of usernames and
passwords
• Simplifies new account creation
• Allows for lightweight accounts
• Simplifies internal SSO
• Enables wide-spread benefit of strong
authentication
• Enables decentralized reputation
• Enables social network portability

O
M
E
How Does it Work?
D

As a Conversation
Who are you?
I’m davidrecordon.com
Prove it!

Discovers My Provider
\"openid.server\" points to my OpenID Provider

(crypto happens)

Getting an OpenID
http://openid.net/get/

OpenID is Really Easy

\"This is a
geek's toy,
nobody will
ever have an
OpenID!\"

~160 million OpenIDs
(including every AOL user)
OpenID 1.1 - Estimated from various services

\"Nobody will ever use this!\"

Total Relying Parties (aka places you can login with OpenID)
6,000
4,500
3,000
1,500
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OpenID 1.1 - As viewed by MyOpenID.com

\"So that's great there
are so many blogs, but
what about something
real?\"

\"What about security?\"

“Protocol Security?”

like any protocol...think as
you implement

the best solutions may
around the browser

MyVidoop Plugin
(a password manager tied into your OpenID account add-on for Firefox)

Sxipper
(a form filler password manager with OpenID integration add-on for Firefox)

Symantec Identity Client
(OpenID form-fill, upcoming provider, and claims integration)

VeriSign's OpenID SeatBelt
(an OpenID convenience and security add-on for Firefox)
works with

IE Team has posted a job
ad mentioning \"OpenID\"
\"Does the idea of redefining the role of the Internet browser appeal to you?
Do the terms HTTP, RSS, Microformats, and OpenID, excite you? If so, then
this just might be the opportunity for you.\"

OpenID is great for innovation

“So, what about OpenID 2.0?”

OpenID 2.0
• Cleans up the 1.1 specification
• Adds a few useful features
• Robust extensibility
• Enhanced service discovery
• \"Directed identity\"
• XRI
• About six independent library
implementations of final draft

“Any OpenID in the enterprise?”

Offer all employees
OpenIDs; open source
Enterprise SSO and
identity manager with
LDAP and OpenID
Internal SSO for bug
trackers and wikis
OpenID Provider with
plans to ship in enterprise
products this year
Shared OpenID Provider
for their businesses and
partners
Project management,
CRM, and billing for small
businesses

Open.ID.ee

I come from E-stonia
• A small EU country with ~1.3M inhabitants
• Access to internet considered a “civil right”
• Had first parliament elections over the
internet in 2005
• 80%+ of the population have a digital ID-
card

ID-card

ID-card is a...
• Photo ID like any other
• We are interested in Electronic ID:
• The chip contains your name, age, gender
and social security number
• Two PIN codes: one for authentication
and one for signing documents

Authentication
• Is about proving who you are.
• Available to any service that wants to use it
• Online banking
• Filing your taxes
• Various other services

\"How does this happen?\"

Entering your PIN code is
your consent to send
personal data to the
service

Yes/No decision

\"So what is the problem?\"

Users do not always want this.
Users want control of their
personal data.

What is Identity?
• Wikipedia: “the sameness of two things”
• “Things” are users
• Users are website visitors
• “Who are you?”

Are you the same you
that signed up with us?

ID-card contains
government verified
identity

Same Can be Different
• Bank: Martin Paljak, the account owner
• Forum: user who registered as “catluvr99”
• Blog: author of the comment
• http://open.id.ee/martin.paljak is Martin Paljak

Is the OpenID you
present the same as we
have in our database?

Websites really need to
match identifiers, not
collect your personal
data.

Solution: OpenID
• id.ee => open.id.ee
• OpenID service that uses ID-cards for
authentication
• Gives users more control over their private
data
• Is NOT a government enforced/controlled
service

Simplicity
• One privacy policy to check
• One trust decision to make
• One purpose for the OpenID service
• Encapsulate and protect users’ private
data

No need to sign up, it
JustWorks

... if you have the needed
hardware and software ...

\"So if everybody implements
OpenID, are we all happy?\"

\"What about website developers?\"

ID-card Sucks!
• Implementing support is difficult
• Technically challenging (SSL certificates
and such)
• Users don’t like ID-cards anyway as they
are often afraid of privacy issues
• Most sites don’t need so high security
• So... why bother?

I Forgot!
• Mobile-ID: same stuff inside your GSM SIM
card
• Same technology inside ...
• ... but totally different to implement ...
• ... AGAIN!!!

What is Mobile-ID?
• Smaller ID-card
• No hardware needed - your phone is
your card reader
• No need to install software to use it online
- websites have it

beep-beep!

If you’re going to write
new code, why not
OpenID code?

Benefits of OpenID
• Only one interface to implement
• And lots of expertise available globally
• If website uses open.id.ee service
exclusively, it has instant access to both
ID-cards and Mobile-ID authentication
• ... with privacy features included @ no cost

So ...
• Users get more control over their private
data and OpenID provides it
• Websites have a simple and easy way to
integrate newest authentication
technologies with OpenID

Finally a win-win solution?

Almost there ...

Anonymity
• Users want anonymity
• At least partial
• Remaining anonymous is a privilege
• Spam, death threats etc must be
punishable

The story
• Riots in Tallinn that leaded to cyber-attacks
• Petition letter to force a politician resign
collected almost 100k names and e-mails
• Including “George Bush”, “Rex the dog”
and “!@#$ you”
• Result: nothing.

OpenID 2.0
• New feature: identity selection
• You get to choose the OpenID sent to
the website
• Choose between open.id.ee/martin.paljak ...

or
http://open.id.ee/5a0eaba4bb1fb68a39ddec57c15dbff1543d6f461b2203f74

Anonymous OpenID
• No (zero) personal data in the URL
• One anonymous URL per user per website
• The “account” problem mitigated
• Still a guarantee that the user behind the
OpenID is a real person

Extra Features
• Identity theft virtually impossible
• re-claiming is painless
• Some registration data is always true
• If user chooses to send it
• “Why do they need it?”

Why do I Care?
• I’m a user too!
• We export the ID technology of Estonia
• Online privacy issues are being discussed
• Verified anonymity contributes to
e-democracy

Why you should care!
• Implement OpenID - get access to our
technology
• Other EU countries deploying ID-cards
• Similar problems
• Similar solutions
• OpenID is designed for interoperability
• ID-cards are in theory

Thanks!
Questions?
http://openid.net/
https://open.id.ee/about/english
David Recordon Martin Paljak
davidrecordon.com http://ideelabor.ee
david@sixapart.com martin@ideelabor.ee