What is Quantitative Research? Presented by: Dave Jay S. Manriquez, RN.

QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH WHY DO RESEARCH? (Functions of Research) 1. Seek new truths and add to fund of knowledge: (academic reason); 2. Fill in gaps in knowledge in a discipline; 3. Redirect courses of action and evaluate policies.

WHY DO RESEARCH? (Functions of Research)

1. Seek new truths and add to fund of knowledge: (academic reason);

2. Fill in gaps in knowledge in a discipline;

3. Redirect courses of action and evaluate policies.

The Research Process Thinking Planning Informing Implementing Analyzing

The Research Spiral Identify the Research Problem Review the Literature Evaluate Data and Write Report Specify a Research Purpose Collect Data Analyze and Interpret Data

Observation Professional conferences Government programs, thrusts & priorities Experts Literature reviews Issues in your field of study Sources of a Research Problem

Observation

Professional conferences

Government programs, thrusts & priorities

Experts

Literature reviews

Issues in your field of study

Statement of the Problem The problem (phenomenon in question) must be shown as one which arose from a situation of need or of unresolved difficulties. The reader must be made to recognize this need. 1. The problem should be stated precisely, accurately, & clearly 2. It can be stated either in the declarative or interrogative form 3. It can be either one or main statement/question, or a series of statements/questions, or a combination of these forms. The problem should be defined in terms of the data that can be obtained.

Statement of the Problem

The problem (phenomenon in question) must be shown as one which arose from a situation of need or of unresolved difficulties. The reader must be made to recognize this need.

1. The problem should be stated precisely, accurately, & clearly

2. It can be stated either in the declarative or interrogative form

3. It can be either one or main statement/question, or a series of

statements/questions, or a combination of these forms.

The problem should be defined in terms of the data that can

be obtained.

Review of Literature Tell what research has or has not been done on the problem and to explain or clarify the theoretical rationale of the problem. Provides a general picture of the research topic The rationale for incorporating the review of the literature in the research is that when you substantiate what you say, you usually substantiate it through the literature you have read. Therefore, you must document your source for your rationale and your theoretical/ conceptual framework It is a series of references, not a bibliography. Only the literature that you have used to substantiate your problem is included in your literature review. Not everything that you have read about your problem is relevant to your research and therefore should not be included.

Tell what research has or has not been done on the problem

and to explain or clarify the theoretical rationale of the problem.

Provides a general picture of the research topic

The rationale for incorporating the review of the literature in the research is that when you substantiate what you say, you usually substantiate it through the literature you have read. Therefore, you must document your source for your rationale and your theoretical/ conceptual framework

It is a series of references, not a bibliography. Only the literature that you have used to substantiate your problem is included in your literature review. Not everything that you have read about your problem is relevant to your research and therefore should not be included.

Review of Literature Only studies which are related in purpose, method, or findings to the current study should be included in the review. The discussion of such studies should be in the form of a brief critical analysis o he purposes, method of study, principal findings, and conclusions. Clarify the interrelationship o he studies reviewed. Point out weaknesses and strengths of each study. Point out how each of the studies reviewed relates to the problem at hand. Summarize the review and provide a transition from the past studies to the present one. The latter should be known to relate with or evolve from the earlier work. In the text, only he last the last name of the authors are given. In the case o citation of different works by person with the same surname, initials should be included with the last names for proper identification .

Only studies which are related in purpose, method, or findings to the current study should be included in the review. The discussion of such studies should be in the form of a brief critical analysis o he purposes, method of study, principal findings, and conclusions.

Clarify the interrelationship o he studies reviewed. Point out weaknesses and strengths of each study.

Point out how each of the studies reviewed relates to the problem at hand. Summarize the review and provide a transition from the past studies to the present one. The latter should be known to relate with or evolve from the earlier work.

In the text, only he last the last name of the authors are given. In the case o citation of different works by person with the same surname, initials should be included with the last names for proper identification .