Online Learning vs In Class Learning

1. In Class Learning
vs. Online Learning
Adult Learning - DU-TEAC1980-S4
Debbie Maheras, Melanie Baumann,
Amy Perrin, and SJ Smith
July 2012

2. In Class Learning vs. Online Learning
Table of contents
Introduction pg 3
The Student pg 4
Teachers Point of View pg 12
Going Online pg 21
Assessment pg 25
Summary pg 31
References pg 34
Adult Learning - DU-TEAC1980-S4 Debbie Maheras, Melanie Baumann, Amy Perrin, and SJ Smith

3. In Class Learning vs. Online Learning
Introduction
This presentation is intended to show how the differences and similarities found in
face-to-face classroom learning and online learning can pose important questions
of which direction to take, when adults return to school.
There are many new ways of taking and accomplishing adult education.
Technology brings many challenges to adult learners as they need to know the
technology in order to use it.
The aspect of self-regulation is very important as it ensures that goals are met, no matter
if the class is conducted online or in-person.
Adult Learning - DU-TEAC1980-S4 Debbie Maheras, Melanie Baumann, Amy Perrin, and SJ Smith

4. In Class Learning vs. Online Learning
The Student
Meet our subject, Karen Merry
Adult Learning - DU-TEAC1980-S4 Debbie Maheras, Melanie Baumann, Amy Perrin, and SJ Smith

5. In Class Learning vs. Online Learning
Meet Karen Merry
Hi, my name is Karen. I am 32 years old and live in a condo just outside the city.
I am a single mother of 2 girls, aged 4 and 9 years old, and a 10 year old dog named Kelly.
Once a week I receive treatment for my rheumatoid arthritis, which can sometimes make
typing difficult for me.
Problem:
- I want to expand on my education so that I am more employable
- I have to work full time while I do this
- I don’t have a lot of free time now as it is
Solution:
- Sign up for adult education courses
- Choose part-time, weekend or evening classes
- Find or make a working schedule
Issues:
- Where and when will I take these courses?
- Will I take them in person or online?
Adult Learning - DU-TEAC1980-S4 Debbie Maheras, Melanie Baumann, Amy Perrin, and SJ Smith

6. In Class Learning vs. Online Learning
Why are these goals so important to me and my family at this time?
- Will make me more employable
- Find out other things I’m good at
- Make a good impression on my daughters having a mother that
embraces lifelong learning
Are my goals realistic?
- Many single parents return to school
- People I work with are taking courses
- Members of my family can help me if I run out of time
Which is better for me, Online or In class?
- In class I can make friends and talk directly to the instructor
- Online I can work from home
- In class, I will commit to an in person schedule
- Online I have to use self-discipline
Adult Learning - DU-TEAC1980-S4 Debbie Maheras, Melanie Baumann, Amy Perrin, and SJ Smith

7. In Class Learning vs. Online Learning
1 I will learn the terminology
2
I will understand the history
3
I will create a comparison chart
Adult Learning - DU-TEAC1980-S4 Debbie Maheras, Melanie Baumann, Amy Perrin, and SJ Smith

8. In Class Learning vs. Online Learning
1 I’ll learn the terminology
Adult Education: People who are considered to be “adults” as defined by the country or culture they belong to, can pursue
educational goals, sometimes by passing formal requirements using their adult status as an entry into higher education.
Andragogy: training/education of adults
Asynchronous learning: Learning in your own time. Using email, online forums, etc., allows you to determine the best
time for you to do your assignments
Blended: The combination of both in class and online education. Students in a class can log into sites as directed by
a teacher, or can combine their online sessions with in class tests or guidance.
Correspondence Course: Assignments are sent/received by mail, for marking and review.
Distance: Physical location that is not close to home. Traditionally was done by mail - is now mostly done online.
Formal : Could be defined as a “process” going from elementary school, to high school, to college or university. Can be a
mix of both, although elementary school is usually done in a synchronous setting.
Informal : Typically is seen as learning on the job, learning from a book or from a mentor. The school of “hard knocks” can also
be considered informal education.
In Class: Classroom setting in a defined location. Run by a teacher in the room with the students.
Adult Learning - DU-TEAC1980-S4 Debbie Maheras, Melanie Baumann, Amy Perrin, and SJ Smith

9. In Class Learning vs. Online Learning
1
Continued...
Online: A direct spin-off of distance education, but done across the internet - exclusively.
Synchronous learning: Learning in real time. Can be either in class or online - but you are engaged at the same time.
Screen Casts: Most commonly used in corporations to teach a new software application, screen casts are a video screen
capture of an interface. They walk you through the process of using an interface - describing menu features, navigation and key
functionality.
Screen Sharing: Synchronous event, in which a screen sharing tool is used to allow others to see your computer screen live.
They can also interact with your screen to test something or show that they know how to use a specific interface.
Telecommunication: The science of information transport using wire, radio, optical, or electromagnetic channels to transmit
or receive signals for voice or data communications using electrical means.
Teleconferencing: Two-way electronic communication between two or more groups in separate locations via audio, video,
and/or computer systems.
Virtual Classroom: Synchronous learning online. Everyone logs on for a learning session with real-time live teaching. Skype,
VOIP and U-verse may play a role in this.
Webinar: Web based seminar or lecture series. Most of the time this is a video, but it can also be audio only.
Adult Learning - DU-TEAC1980-S4 Debbie Maheras, Melanie Baumann, Amy Perrin, and SJ Smith

10. In Class Learning vs. Online Learning
2 History of Education
Formal:
Ancient cultures that developed spoken/written language (Greeks, Egyptian,
Chinese, Samaritan, etc.) had to create education to pass this knowledge and
skill to future generations. It even goes as far back as cave drawings and the use
of beads as a means to communicate. Formal education has really always been
with us.
Informal (Distance/Correspondence):
Mid-nineteenth century Europe is the origin of this unique way
to get an education through the mail. It really took off in the US and Canada in the
1700’s when rural education was desired.
Online Education:
Actually began as electronic learning, which involved network and server,
described as a tool for exchanging information that started with the CIA
around 1986. There was no interface to work with then, so I’m not sure
what this looked like!
Adult Learning - DU-TEAC1980-S4 Debbie Maheras, Melanie Baumann, Amy Perrin, and SJ Smith

11. In Class Learning vs. Online Learning
3 Comparison Chart
Traditional Class Online
Location in a classroom anywhere you can log into
a computer
Students listen and learn self-learning on your own
from the instructor
Instructor instructs the course facilitates the course
teaches the material helps to understand course
Material Print, lecture, black/white board Computer, smartphone
Time Management time is pre-scheduled you determine when you
and set review the course material
Communication in class orally written form online
Written assignments/tests
Participation limited to class time no limit
Adult Learning - DU-TEAC1980-S4 Debbie Maheras, Melanie Baumann, Amy Perrin, and SJ Smith

12. In Class Learning vs. Online Learning
Teachers Point of View...
Let's take a look at some of the learning theories
used in an adult classroom.
Adult Learning - DU-TEAC1980-S4 Debbie Maheras, Melanie Baumann, Amy Perrin, and SJ Smith

13. In Class Learning vs. Online Learning
Karen's best friend Helen is a teacher. She thought if she exposed Karen to some of the
teaching philosophies that teachers consider when running a class, Karen might think about
how her life issues and her desire for more education can work.
Helen teaches both in class sessions and online sessions. Helen thinks Karen will be
more confident in her choice if she understands what teachers know about engaging students.
Knowles
Bloom
Cognitive Rogers
Freire
Kolb
Maslow
Skinner
Bandura Humanistic
Mezirow
Holt
Pavlov
Behaviorism
Motivation
Andragogy Gagne
Adult Learning - DU-TEAC1980-S4 Debbie Maheras, Melanie Baumann, Amy Perrin, and SJ Smith

14. In Class Learning vs. Online Learning
Helen’s favorite teaching/learning theorists are:
1
Maslow
2
Bandura
3
Bloom
4
Kolb
Adult Learning - DU-TEAC1980-S4 Debbie Maheras, Melanie Baumann, Amy Perrin, and SJ Smith

15. In Class Learning vs. Online Learning
1
Maslow
Focused on motivation - used a pyramid to
demonstrate the hierarchy of human needs.
How would a teacher express this?
List the agenda at the beginning of class so that the instructor communicates
what their plans are for the lesson
· Informs the students of the topics to be covered in the lesson
· Organizes the information
· Provides clarity
· Ensures that there are ‘no surprises’ about what will be covered
Adult Learning - DU-TEAC1980-S4 Debbie Maheras, Melanie Baumann, Amy Perrin, and SJ Smith

16. In Class Learning vs. Online Learning
2
Bandura
Theory focuses on understanding the 4 elements of behaviorism:
Attention, Retention, Reproduction and Motivation.
How can a teacher use this knowledge to reach their students?
Employ different learning tools to stimulate learning. By using different learning
tools, an instructor can adapt the lesson to accommodate different learning styles
and behavioral outcomes.
Tools can include: lecture, demonstrations, role playing, group discussions,
visual tools like videos and practice exercises.
Adult Learning - DU-TEAC1980-S4 Debbie Maheras, Melanie Baumann, Amy Perrin, and SJ Smith

17. In Class Learning vs. Online Learning
3
Bloom
Theory focuses on understanding 3 key behaviors:
Cognitive, Affective and Psychomotor.
What steps would an instructor take to make this happen?
Start with a lesson strategy
· Introduce a learning topic
· Instructor asks how students feel about the topic (affective)
· Instructor introduces and discusses the theory (cognitive)
· Instructor provides opportunity to practice the skills through various exercises
e.g. role-playing (psychomotor)
· Instructor has students evaluate lessons learned which allows for personal
insight and an increase in self-awareness thus enhancing learning
Adult Learning - DU-TEAC1980-S4 Debbie Maheras, Melanie Baumann, Amy Perrin, and SJ Smith

18. In Class Learning vs. Online Learning
4
Kolb
The theory is based on a test that measured an individual's strength
and weakness in four abilities: learning by experiencing, reflecting, thinking
and doing.
Kolb believed that a person was strong in two of these areas which
reflected one of four learning styles. This means that the student will learn
best when taught in their own unique style.
How can the teacher instruct a class that has strong preferences for
specific learning styles?
- Test the students first to determine their dominant learning style
- Create seperate lesson modules to reflect different
needs when dealing with large topics
- Be very aware of students experiencing difficulties and
adapt the lesson for them
- Use a variety of teaching and training techniques
Adult Learning - DU-TEAC1980-S4 Debbie Maheras, Melanie Baumann, Amy Perrin, and SJ Smith

19. In Class Learning vs. Online Learning
As you can see Karen, the same guiding theories
apply for teaching online - and for in class
Establishing a positive climate and spirit of cooperation
Define the expectations of the course
Provide students with a clear set of goals
Allow for feedback
Adult Learning - DU-TEAC1980-S4 Debbie Maheras, Melanie Baumann, Amy Perrin, and SJ Smith

20. In Class Learning vs. Online Learning
Online or in class?
I am confident that the teaching styles are not affected by either system.
I understand the history and the terminology.
Now it comes down to me:
I have a disability that affects how I feel sometimes.
I have children - they need mommy time and help with their homework.
And I work full-time.
Online sounds like the right way...
Adult Learning - DU-TEAC1980-S4 Debbie Maheras, Melanie Baumann, Amy Perrin, and SJ Smith

21. In Class Learning vs. Online Learning
Going Online
Now that you've made your decision, lets take a look
at some of the facts.
Adult Learning - DU-TEAC1980-S4 Debbie Maheras, Melanie Baumann, Amy Perrin, and SJ Smith

22. In Class Learning vs. Online Learning
What common problems occur with online education?
Most Response
text books time delays
are not
in ebook Can be
format 24 hours
or more
Connectivity Have to
not maintain
always own
reliable equipment
Adult Learning - DU-TEAC1980-S4 Debbie Maheras, Melanie Baumann, Amy Perrin, and SJ Smith

23. In Class Learning vs. Online Learning
Numbers...
Despite these issues, online education is the leading
choice among adults who want to further their
education.
We’ve got the numbers to prove it....
Adult Learning - DU-TEAC1980-S4 Debbie Maheras, Melanie Baumann, Amy Perrin, and SJ Smith

24. In Class Learning vs. Online Learning
10% Higher education students nationwide who took at
least one online course in fall 2002.
29% Higher education students nationwide who took at
least one online course in fall 2009.
753,640 Enrollments in online or distance education courses
in the 1994-95 school year, around the world.
12.2 million Enrollments in online or distance education courses
in the 2006-07 school year around the world.
SOURCES: Babson Survey Research Group, Ohio Board of Regents,
U.S. Department of Education
Adult Learning - DU-TEAC1980-S4 Debbie Maheras, Melanie Baumann, Amy Perrin, and SJ Smith

25. In Class Learning vs. Online Learning
Assessment
How can you expect to monitor your progress
in the course you have chosen?
Adult Learning - DU-TEAC1980-S4 Debbie Maheras, Melanie Baumann, Amy Perrin, and SJ Smith

26. In Class Learning vs. Online Learning
Karen wants to understand, what are the best
assessment methods?
- Which perspectives will be used: cognitive, behavioral or humanistic?
- Who is going to make the assessment: the student, their peers,
or the instructor?
- Will assessment strategies be learning experiences in themselves?
- Is the assessment to be formative (providing feedback during learning)
or summative (measuring learning at the end of the process)?
- Are judgments of performance made against peer standards (norm referenced)
or established criteria (criterion referenced)?
- How can reliability and validity of assessment be assured?
Adult Learning - DU-TEAC1980-S4 Debbie Maheras, Melanie Baumann, Amy Perrin, and SJ Smith

27. In Class Learning vs. Online Learning
What do the experts say?
Feedback is critical.
Kibby (1999) sees assessment as,
“…central to the teaching learning process and as part of the
management system. Assessments should measure student performance
and result in feedback to students about their performance . ”
“If assessment is to be integral to instruction as explained,
feedback must play a central role in the assessment process”.
(Meyen et al., 2002).
Adult Learning - DU-TEAC1980-S4 Debbie Maheras, Melanie Baumann, Amy Perrin, and SJ Smith

28. In Class Learning vs. Online Learning
“In a face-to face course they (the instructors) could not deliver
feedback strategically and provide the same level of feedback that
they could in an online course, even though synchronous feedback
was possible in a classroom. Such findings indicate that electronic
feedback in an online distance course might be more effective than
that of a traditional course . ”
(Meyen et al., 2002).
Adult Learning - DU-TEAC1980-S4 Debbie Maheras, Melanie Baumann, Amy Perrin, and SJ Smith

29. In Class Learning vs. Online Learning
“Self-assessment is essential for progress as a learner: for under-
standing of selves as learners, for an increasingly complex under-
standing of tasks and learning goals, and for strategic knowledge
of how go about improving. ”
(Sadler, D.R., 1993)
Adult Learning - DU-TEAC1980-S4 Debbie Maheras, Melanie Baumann, Amy Perrin, and SJ Smith

30. In Class Learning vs. Online Learning
“Assessment is no longer the periodic formal process of exams
and graded activities, which may or may not be discussed with
the class; it is now in the context of a one-to-one relationship
with the e-instructor and each student in the online course. ”
(Meyen, Aust, & Issacson, 2000)
Adult Learning - DU-TEAC1980-S4 Debbie Maheras, Melanie Baumann, Amy Perrin, and SJ Smith

31. In Class Learning vs. Online Learning
Summary
Karen can now feel very confident in her decision.
Adult Learning - DU-TEAC1980-S4 Debbie Maheras, Melanie Baumann, Amy Perrin, and SJ Smith

32. In Class Learning vs. Online Learning
In summary,
I want to expand on my education so that I am more employable, I have to
work full time while I do this, and I don’t have a lot of free time.
I had to make a decision between enrolling in a traditional class or online learning.
There were many factors to consider before I made a decision.
I started by researching the terminology used in learning. Then, I researched
the history of learning, before I composed a chart comparing the differences
between traditional classroom learning and online learning.
I am grateful that I have a best friend who is in the teaching profession. My friend
Helen exposed me to some important teaching/ learning theorists: Maslow, Bandura,
Bloom, and Kolb. These theorists have contributed important concepts in the
field of learning, and now I have an understanding of how I learn.
I know that there is an increasing number of people world-wide, that choose to take
online courses over in class courses. I recognize that I will be assessed in online
learning, but that teachers will use a variety of methods, as well as provide feedback.
All of this information helped me to make a decision between enrolling in a traditional
class or online.
Adult Learning - DU-TEAC1980-S4 Debbie Maheras, Melanie Baumann, Amy Perrin, and SJ Smith

33. In Class Learning vs. Online Learning
Thank you
Project partners: Melanie Baumann
Debbie Maheras
Amy Perrin
SJ Smith
Adult Learning - DU-TEAC1980-S4 Debbie Maheras, Melanie Baumann, Amy Perrin, and SJ Smith

34. In Class Learning vs. Online Learning
References
Chapman, Alan 2010, Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs,
Retrieved June, 2012 from: http://www.businessballs.com/maslow.htm
Cherry, Kendra (2012), Hierarchy of Needs, The Five Levels of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs,
Retrieved June, 2012 from: http://psychology.about.com/od/theoriesofpersonality/a/hierarchyneeds.htm
McLeod, S. A. (2007). Simply Psychology; Maslow | Hierarchy of Needs.
Retrieved June, 2012 from: http://www.simplypsychology.org/maslow.html
Chapman, Alan (2010), Bloom's taxonomy - learning domains,
Retrieved June, 2012 from: http://www.businessballs.com/bloomstaxonomyoflearningdomains.htm
Forehand, Mary (2010,) Bloom's Taxonomy, From Emerging Perspectives on Learning, Teaching and Technology,
Retrieved June, 2012 from:
http://www.roe11.k12.il.us/GES%20Stuff/Day%204/Process/Blooms/Mary%20Forehand%20discussion-Bloom's%20Taxonomy.pdf
Leonard, K., Noh, E.K., & Orey, M.(2007). Learning Theories and Instructional Strategies.
Retrieved June, 2012 In M. K. Barbour & M. Orey (Eds.), The Foundations of Instructional Technology. from:
http://projects.coe.uga.edu/itFoundations/
Gokhale, Anuradha (1995) Collaborative Learning Enhances Critical Thinking,
Retrieved June, 2012 from: http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/ejournals/JTE/v7n1/gokhale.jte-v7n1.html?ref=Sawos.Org
Cherry, Kendra (2012), Social Learning Theory, An Overview of Bandura's Social Learning Theory
Retrieved June, 2012 from: http://psychology.about.com/od/developmentalpsychology/a/sociallearning.htm
Connor, M. (2008). Learning styles assessment: Ageless learner. Retrieved June 2012, from:
http://agelesslearner.com/assess/learningstyle.html
Kibby, M. (2003). Assessing students online. The University of New Castle Press.
Simonson, M., Smaldino, S., Albright, M., & Zvacek, S. (2006). Teaching and learning at a distance
Upper Saddle River, NJ: Merrill Prentice Hall.
Adult Learning - DU-TEAC1980-S4 Debbie Maheras, Melanie Baumann, Amy Perrin, and SJ Smith