04 march 08 :: SkewTube @ Swarthmore

SkewTube Fan Videos, Brokeback Trailers, and the Future of User-Penetrated Content [ Swarthmore College, 04 March 2008 ]

Julie Levin Russo ‘01 Brown University Modern Culture & Media http://j-l-r.org

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_video_sharing_sites

digital video >> • YouTube Poop • mass media mashups • participatory promotions

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How will industry and audiences negotiate a balance between creativity and control?
Who decides what content is commodifiable?
Is commercial production the most legitimate production?

:
you don't go up there to fish (slash goggles)
if you’re looking for work (user-generated promotions)
it's nobody's business but ours (fan videos)
if you can't fix it, you gotta stand it (best practices)
I wish I knew how to quit you!

1) you don’t go up there to fish slash goggles

http://towleroad.com (October 2005)

slash goggles (personal collection)

Technical Specifications
genre
narrative
characterization (stereotypes)
visual codes (e.g. framing)
“ subtext” (gazes, body language)
metatext (behind-the-scenes trivia and speculation)

incomplete list of popular Brokeback trailers
Brokeback to the Future
Brokeback Hogwarts
Brokeback Mount Doom ( LoTR )
Brokeback Squadron ( Top Gun )
Brokeback Island ( Lost )
Brokeback Anatomy ( Grey’s Anatomy )
Brokeback Snake Mountain ( He-Man )
Broke Mac Mountain (Mac/PC)

http://youtube.com/watch?v=omB18oRsBYg

2) if you’re looking for work user-generated promotions

http://scifi.com/battlestar/videomaker/tools/

contradictions you’re a tech-savvy internet based producer you’re a TV groupie who wants TPTB’s attention and approval be “original” and don’t infringe copyright promote the show, using its “look and sound” and other recognizable characteristics

Terms and Conditions
you are granting SCI FI, its licensees, successor and assigns, the perpetual and irrevocable, non-exclusive right and license to (a) reproduce, distribute, display, exhibit, host, cache, store, archive, index, categorize, comment on, tag, transmit, broadcast, stream, edit, alter, modify, synchronize with visual material, create algorithms based thereon, and transcode the Submission to appropriate media formats, standards or mediums... throughout the world in perpetuity, in any and all media, whether now existing or hereafter devised...

http://video.scifi.com/player/?id=64712

3) it’s nobody’s business but ours fan videos

http://profile.imeem.com/25CsW5/video/HsUGuJPi/

from “Pressure” by California Crew (circa 1990)

“ Closer” by Killa + T. Jonesy

fake trailers vs. slash vids effective humor > broad appeal > quantifiable popularity shared openly on YouTube; considered public accessible with a minimum of pop culture knowledge parodic narrative editing; soundtrack + narration + dialogue fragments effective communication > community recognition > feedback + joy values shared via subcultural channels; considered semi-private context speaking to a specific interpretive community audience sincere, at least on one level; deeply invested in the source tone balance narrative, textual associations, + spectacle; song as audio track form

“ Wouldn’t It Be Nice” by Laura Shapiro http://laurasha.imeem.com/video/Af5PXCX7/

4) if you can’t fix it, you gotta stand it best practices

Terms of Service
YouTube does not permit copyright infringing activities and infringement of intellectual property rights on its Website, and YouTube will remove all Content and User Submissions if properly notified that such Content or User Submission infringes on another's intellectual property rights. YouTube reserves the right to remove Content and User Submissions without prior notice... If you believe that your User Submission that was removed (or to which access was disabled) is not infringing... you may send a counter-notice...

FAQ about Copyright and Fair Use http://chillingeffects.org/fairuse/faq.cgi
the fair use of a copyrighted work... is not an infringement of copyright. In determining whether the use made of a work in any particular case is a fair use the factors to be considered shall include —
the purpose and character of the use, including whether such use is of a commercial nature or is for nonprofit educational purposes;
the nature of the copyrighted work;
the amount and substantiality of the portion used in relation to the copyrighted work as a whole; and
the effect of the use upon the potential market for or value of the copyrighted work.

“ Recut, Reframe, Recycle: Quoting Copyrighted Material in User-Generated Video,” by Pat Aufderheide and Peter Jaszi http://centerforsocialmedia.org/resources/fair_use/
“ many uses of copyrighted material in today’s online videos are eligible for fair use consideration... [and] could be legal”
“ Unfortunately, this emerging, participatory media culture is at risk, with new industry practices to control piracy... Legal as well as illegal copying could all too easily disappear. Worse still, a new generation of media makers could grow up with a deformed and truncated notion of their rights as creators.”

“ Fair Use Principles for User Generated Video Content” http://eff.org/issues/ip-and-free-speech/fair-use-principles-usergen
A Wide Berth for Transformative, Creative Uses
Filters Must Incorporate Protections for Fair Use
DMCA Notices Required for Removals
Notice to Users upon DMCA Takedown
Informal "Dolphin Hotline”
Mandatory Reinstatement upon Counter-notice or Retraction

http://transformativeworks.org

5) I wish I knew how to quit you! conclusion

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How will industry and audiences negotiate a balance between creativity and control?
Who decides what content is commodifiable?
Is commercial production the most legitimate production?

?
Can queer viewing be monetized? Do we want it to be?

http://lj-toys.com	57
http://all-for-women.com	3
http://01cyb.org	1
http://bls.its.albany.edu	1
http://203.208.39.99	1

04 march 08 :: SkewTube @ Swarthmore

by Julie Levin Russo on Mar 10, 2008

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04 march 08 :: SkewTube @ Swarthmore — Webinar Transcript