Slideshow transcript
Slide 1: Cyberinfrastructure: Helping Push Research Boundaries Shantenu Jha* Asst. Res. Professor (CS) Sr. Research Scientist (CCT) *also affiliated with National eScience Centre (UK) & UCL
Slide 2: CI: Helping Push Research Boundaries • Developing CI: A one step process? – “If we build it, will they come?” “Will it be usable?” • Interplay of (sustainable, longterm, and broadly usable) CI and Research more complex – Research & Applications requirements inform the development of CI – In response, developed CI “roughly” sets the boundaries of applications and their usage mode – Novel applications and usage modes that can exploit CI will push the boundaries of research... 2
Slide 3: Outline • Scientific Grid Applications • Computing Free Energies in Biological Systems – STIMD (200304), SPICE (200506) • Challenges of Distributed Environments • HARC: A tool for coallocating resources – GENIUS: GridEnabled Neurosurgical Imaging Using Simulations (200708) • Simple API for Grid Applications (SAGA) • Regional CI Example Louisiana • Software: Cactus, HARC, Petashare, SAGA... • People: LONI Institute and NSF Cybertools • Novel eScience Applications 3
Slide 4: Source: NSF report on Cyberinfrastructure for Biology
Slide 5: Computing Free Energies: Motivation Cellullar messangers e.g. Growth Factors, Thermodynamic quantity of maximum cytokines significance. Transmembrane receptor Characterizes the binding accurately: Recognition of Inhibit specific protein domains activated receptor by Cell signalling events Intelligent drug design ... SH2 domain Rapid & accurate determination is critical: Gene switched where FE difference maybe just one part of the overall “system” library of ligands to explore
Slide 6: Scientific Grid Computing: An Exemplar • Computing FE is computationally very expensive. Balance between accuracy and rapid determination. Some experimental timescales are 23 days. • Algorithmic advances (e.g., O(N logN)) have helped; but more than just algorithmic advances are required. • Computational ‘Grid’ Science: Which approaches can be adapted to exploit gridbased computation? Interplay of physical algorithm(s) and grid architecture(s).
Slide 7: Computing a Free Energy Difference Using Thermodynamic Integration (TI) Src SH2 domain λ=0 λ=1 ∆G1 ∆GB ∆GA ligand Free energy of binding of the ligand to the ∆G2 larger protein characterises the strength of the binding. TI provides a formalism to compute the difference of free energy of binding (GAB) between two somewhat similar, yet different peptides. The key concept in TI is that of a thermodynamic cycle varying the value of lambda from 0 (peptide A) to 1 (peptide B). ∆ ∆GAB = ∆GB ∆GA = ∆G1 ∆G2
Slide 8: TI Calculation: Modified Workflow H λ Launch initial job, use real time analysis to determine when to spawn next simulation Starting Check for convergence t at a new λ value. Spawning simulation conformation continues until sufficient data collected. Need to control several jobs. λ=0.10 time H λ=0.25 λ λ=0.33 In general, use realtime analysis to dynamically determine best next value of lambda. λ … λ=0.9 Combine and calculate data from all runs to compute the integral to get ∆∆GAB.
Slide 9: Infrastructure (Software) Developed for Application Steering Library: Correct functional abstraction from app. perspective. steering_control(), register_params(), emit_data() Library determines destination, transport mechanism, fopen, fwrite Architecture of a steered application. Details of infrastructure & middleware (layers) hidden from app
Slide 10: Extensions of the Distributed TI Concept Computational Techniques Replica Exchange Methods Need for “intelligent” infrastructure to be coupled with analysis method Ensemble MD – Simulate each system many times from same starting position – Allows conformational sampling. Can’t say how much a priori. Start Conformation Series of Runs End Conformations C1 Cx C2 C3 Equilibration Protocols eq1 eq2 eq3 eq4 eq5 eq6 eq7 eq8 C4
Slide 11: RNA Translocation Through Protein Pores Molecular Biology: Critical and ubiquitous process. A model for: Gene expression in eukaryotic cells Viral infections rely on import of viral genome via nuclear pore Translocation across bacterial membrane during phage infection Technical Applications: Artificial pores (similar to natural pore) for high throughput DNA screening Theoretical Physics: Long standing problem of a semiflexible polymer motion in a confined geometry
Slide 12: Simulated Pore Interactive Computing Environment Size, complexity & timescale: Computations expensive. Millions of CPU hours using “vanilla” MD. Not good enough. Free Energy Profile: Extremely challenging but yields maximal insight and understanding of translocation process. Novel Algorithm: Steered Molecular Dynamics to “pull DNA through the pore”. Jarzynksi's Equation to compute equilibrium free energy profile from such nonequilibrium pulling. e ß∆F = ‹ e ßW ›
Slide 13: Grid Computing Using Novel Algorithms SMD+JE: Need to determine “optimal” parameters before simulations at the optimal values. Requires: Interactive simulations and distributing many large, parallel simulations Interactive “Live coupling”: use visualization to steer simulation Reduces computational cost by a factor of ca. 100. Solve a computationally “intractable” problem using novel algorithm. Our solution not only exploits grid infrastructure, but requires it.
Slide 14: SPICE: Computing the Free Energy Profile (FEP) Replace single long running ‘vanilla’ MD simulation with following scheme: Step I: Understand structural features using static visualization Step II: Interactive simulations for dynamic and energetic features Steered simulations: bidirectional communication. Qualitative + Quantitative (SMD+JE) Haptic interaction: Use haptic to feel feedback forces Step III: Simulations to compute “optimal” parameter values: e.g., 75 simulations on 128/256 processors each. Step IV: Use computed “optimal” values to calculate full FEP along the cylindrical axis of the pore.
Slide 15: Grid Computing, Interactivity and Analysis • Interactive simulations used to determine: Optimal value of forceconstant & pulling velocity, choice of subtrajectory length and location for optimal value simulations • Use visualization to provide input to the running simulation. Require 256px (or more) of HPC for interactivity. Steadystate data stream (up & down) Interactive simulations perform better when using optical lightpaths between simulation and visualization Due to network characteristics. Typical “legacy” app (NAMD) not written for network I/O. “Unreliable” transfer can stall simulations.
Slide 16: “Global” Grid Infrastructure UK NGS NGS HPCx Leeds US TeraGrid Starlight (Chicago) Manchester Netherlight (Amsterdam) SDSC Oxford NCSA PSC RAL UKLight App Sci DEISA All sites connected by production network Computation Network PoP Visualization
Slide 17: Recap: FE Exemplars Both FE Algorithms are good candidates for distributed resource utilization – i.e., “pleasantly” distributable Similar Infrastructure – Software (ReG Steering Services), middleware.. – Federated Grids SPICE more complex than STIMD: – Complexity of tasks different – Needs coscheduling of heterogenous resources – number of components/degreeoffreedom different
Slide 18: VORTONICS: Vortex Dynamics on Transatlantic Federated Grids USUK TGNGS Joint Projects Supported by NSF, EPSRC, and TeraGrid Computational challenge: Enormous problem sizes, memory requirements, and long run times: Largest runs require geographically distributed domain decomposition (GD3)
Slide 19: Run Sizes to Date / Performance • Using an early version of MPICHG2, 3D lattice sizes up to 6453 across six sites on TG/NGS • NCSA, SDSC, ANL, TACC, PSC, CSAR (UK) • Amount of data injected into network. Strongly bandwidth limited. • Effective SUPS/processor • Reduced by factor approximately equal to 1 2 3 4 sites number of sites • Therefore SUPS approximately constant as problem grows in size sites kSUPS/Proc – If too large to fit onto one machine, GD3 over 1 600 N resources simultaneously is no worse than 2 300 N sequential runs 4 149 6 75
Slide 20: Outline • Scientific Grid Applications • Computing Free Energies in Biological Systems – STIMD (200304), SPICE (200506) • Challenges of Distributed Environments • HARC: A tool for coallocating resources – GENIUS: GridEnabled Neurosurgical Imaging Using Simulations (200708) • Simple API for Grid Applications (SAGA) • Regional CI Example • Software: Cactus, HARC, Petashare, SAGA... • People: LONI Institute and NSF Cybertools • Novel eScience Applications 20
Slide 21: Challenges of Distributed Environments Lessons learnt from Pilot Projects • Hiding the Heterogeneity; providing uniformity We interface application code to grid middleware through well defined userlevel APIs. No code refactoring required. Hides heterogeneity of software stack and sitespecific details: Vortonics: MPICHG2 hides lowlevel details (communication, networktopology, resourceallocation and management) SPICE RealityGrid steering library • Need for usable, stable and extensible infrastructure Infrastructure relatively “easy” for demo(s); difficult for routine use! Science requires stable & persistent infrastructure Motivation for SAGA Efforts at OGF
Slide 22: Challenges of Distributed Environments • Machine Configuration Issues: Variants of the same problem faced, e.g., hidden IP issue for MPICHG2 and RealityGrid steering Same problem on different resources, e.g., PSC and HPCx. PSC = qsocket + Access Gateway Node performance issues remain due to protocol constraints HPCx= Same solution does not work for ReG Steering; portforwarding being tested
Slide 23: Challenges of Distributed Environments Federated Grids • Current barrier to utilise federated grids still high: Many degreesoffreedom need coordination Collective InterGrid Debugging required • Federated Grids must be interoperable in practice: Stress test using real applications Requires additional “user level middleware” (MPICHG2, ReG steering infrastructure), to work across grids • Paper on the theory, implementation and experiences of the three joint projects: (CLADE 2006, Sp. Issue Cluster Comp) http://www.realitygrid.org/publications/triprojects_clade_final.pdf •Application level Interoperability; Influenced the creation of GIN
Slide 24: Challenges of Distributed Environments New policies for resource coordination are required A common requirement of SPICE and VORTONICS: coscheduling of resources (computer, visualization, network)! Three levels of scheduling complexity: – Advance single resource reservation – Advanced, coordinated multiple reservations across a grid – Advance coordinated reservations across distinct grids! First breaks standard HPC usage model; Third CrossGrid Co scheduling is very hard today. Current levels of human intervention too high: Need Automation Motivation for HARC
Slide 25: HARC: HighlyAvailable Resource Coallocator • What is Coallocation? • Process of reserving multiple resources for use by a single application or “thing” – but in a single step... • Can reserve the resources: – For the same time: • Metacomputing, large MPIg/MPICHG2 jobs • Distributed visualization – Or some coordinated set of times • Computational workflows HARC is primarily developed by Jon Maclaren@ CCT
Slide 26: How does HARC Work? • Client makes request, from command line, or other tool via Client API • Request goes to the HARC Acceptors, which manage the co allocation • The Acceptors talk to individual Resource Managers which make the individual reservations by talking to the local schedulers
Slide 27: HARC is Extensible (Community Model) • Modular Design throughout – Not just compute resources. New resource types can be added, then coallocated with all other types of resource – No modification to Acceptors is needed. Just provide Resource Manager code to schedule the resource – And extend the Client API with new classes (again, no mods to existing code) – Even works from the command line • Example: Network Resource Manager $ harc-reserve -n EnLIGHTened/RA1-BTH -c bluedawg.loni.org/8 -s 12:00 -d 1:00 – Coallocates a lightpath between LSU & MCNC, with 8 processors on bluedawg... – Was used to schedule lightpaths in EnLIGHTened testbed for Thomas Sterling’s HPC Class, broadcast in Highdef video
Slide 28: GENIUS: Overview PI: Coveney, UCL Goals: Provide a better understanding of cerebral fluid flow, Inform clinicians of best surgical approaches. Approach: Model large scale patient specific cerebral blood flow within clinically relevant time frames Provides: Reliable & effective patientspecific imagebased models Efficient LB blood flow simulation Real time blood flow volume rendering – Visualisation
Slide 29: HemeLB fluid flow solver A fast fluid flow simulation of a very large system requires the use of an efficient parallel fluid solver several processors • LatticeBoltzmann method; Parallel MPI code, • Efficient algorithms for sparse geometries, • Topologyaware graph growing partitioning technique, • Optimized inter and intramachine communication patterns, • Full checkpoint capabilities...
Slide 30: HemeLB fluid solver performance MPIg: prerelease gridenable MPI implementation which is optimised for the overlap of communication and computation. Performance of HemeLB’s fluid solver on patientspecific system using LONI machines (IBM Power5 1.9 GHz). LB time steps per second Crosssite 2 LONI IBM machines
Slide 31: Advance resources reservation: HARC Efficient code and MPIg exist, but how to run over several distributed machines? Use HARC Highly Available Robust Coscheduler (developed by Jon Maclaren at LSU). Why HemeLB + MPIg + HARC ? Heterogeneous and sparse resources are more likely to be available and give us prompt results Clinically relevant and timely results
Slide 32: NGS UK NGS US/UK Grid Infrastructure HPCx Leeds Manchester TeraGrid Oxford RAL LONI LSU HSCTech La ULM NSU The GENIUS project makes use of Alex SLU SU LSU infrastructure provided by LONI, TeraGrid and NGS, connected by ULL UNO McNeese LSU HSC dedicated switched optical light paths Tulane
Slide 33: Using HARC... • Our aim is to get HARC available to users as part of the basic Grid infrastructure • Current deployments – LONI (Louisiana Optical Network Initiative) • production mode – UK NGS, Manchester, Leeds and Oxford NGS2 – TeraGrid Coscheduling testbed machines (SDSC/NCSA IA64) – NWGrid (Lancaster, Manchester) • Everything is open source too • See: – http://www.cct.lsu.edu/~maclaren/HARC/
Slide 34: Rough Taxonomy of Applications • Some applications are Gridunaware and want to remain so – Use tools/environments (e.g, NanoHub, GridChem) – May run on Gridaware/Gridenabled environments (e.g. Condor) or programming environment (e.g, MPICHG2) • Some applications are explicitly Gridaware – Control, Interact & Exploit distributed systems at the application level 34
Slide 35: SAGA: In a Nutshell • A lack of: • Programming interface that provides common grid functionality with the correct level of abstractions? • Ability to hide underlying complexities, varying semantics, heterogenities and changes from application program(er) • Simple, integrated, stable, uniform, highlevel interface • Simplicity: Restricted in scope, 80/20 • Measure(s) of success: • Does SAGA enable quick development of “new” distributed applications? • Does it enable greater functionality using less code?
Slide 36: Copy a File: Globus GASS int copy_file (char const* source, char const* target) if (source_url.scheme_type == GLOBUS_URL_SCHEME_GSIFTP || { source_url.scheme_type == GLOBUS_URL_SCHEME_FTP ) { globus_url_t source_url; globus_ftp_client_operationattr_init (&source_ftp_attr); globus_io_handle_t dest_io_handle; globus_gass_copy_attr_set_ftp (&source_gass_copy_attr, globus_ftp_client_operationattr_t source_ftp_attr; &source_ftp_attr); globus_result_t result; } globus_gass_transfer_requestattr_t source_gass_attr; else { globus_gass_copy_attr_t source_gass_copy_attr; globus_gass_transfer_requestattr_init (&source_gass_attr, globus_gass_copy_handle_t gass_copy_handle; source_url.scheme); globus_gass_copy_handleattr_t gass_copy_handleattr; globus_gass_copy_attr_set_gass(&source_gass_copy_attr, globus_ftp_client_handleattr_t ftp_handleattr; &source_gass_attr); globus_io_attr_t io_attr; } int output_file = -1; output_file = globus_libc_open ((char*) target, if ( globus_url_parse (source_URL, &source_url) != GLOBUS_SUCCESS ) { O_WRONLY | O_TRUNC | O_CREAT, printf ("can not parse source_URL "%s"n", source_URL); S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR | S_IRGRP | return (-1); S_IWGRP); } if ( output_file == -1 ) { printf ("could not open the file "%s"n", target); if ( source_url.scheme_type != GLOBUS_URL_SCHEME_GSIFTP && return (-1); source_url.scheme_type != GLOBUS_URL_SCHEME_FTP && } source_url.scheme_type != GLOBUS_URL_SCHEME_HTTP && /* convert stdout to be a globus_io_handle */ source_url.scheme_type != GLOBUS_URL_SCHEME_HTTPS ) { if ( globus_io_file_posix_convert (output_file, 0, printf ("can not copy from %s - wrong protn", source_URL); &dest_io_handle) return (-1); != GLOBUS_SUCCESS) { } printf ("Error converting the file handlen"); globus_gass_copy_handleattr_init (&gass_copy_handleattr); return (-1); globus_gass_copy_attr_init (&source_gass_copy_attr); } globus_ftp_client_handleattr_init (&ftp_handleattr); result = globus_gass_copy_register_url_to_handle ( globus_io_fileattr_init (&io_attr); &gass_copy_handle, (char*)source_URL, &source_gass_copy_attr, &dest_io_handle, globus_gass_copy_attr_set_io (&source_gass_copy_attr, &io_attr); my_callback, NULL); &io_attr); if ( result != GLOBUS_SUCCESS ) { globus_gass_copy_handleattr_set_ftp_attr printf ("error: %sn", globus_object_printable_to_string (&gass_copy_handleattr, (globus_error_get (result))); &ftp_handleattr); return (-1); globus_gass_copy_handle_init (&gass_copy_handle, } &gass_copy_handleattr); globus_url_destroy (&source_url); return (0); 10/22/2006 LCSD'06 36 }
Slide 37: SAGA Example: Copy a File Highlevel, uniform #include <string> #include <saga/saga.hpp> void copy_file(std::string source_url, std::string target_url) { try { saga::file f(source_url); f.copy(target_url); } catch (saga::exception const &e) { std::cerr << e.what() << std::endl; } } • Provides the high level abstraction, that application programmers need; will work across different systems • Shields gory details of lowerlevel m/w system • Like MapReduce – leave details of distribution etc. out 10/22/2006 LCSD'06 37
Slide 38: SAGA: Scope • Is: – Simple API for GridAware Applications • Deal with distributed infrastructure explicitly – Highlevel (= applicationlevel) abstraction – An uniform interface to different middleware(s) – Clientside software • Is NOT: – Middleware – A service management interface! – Does not hide the resources remote files, job (but the details)
Slide 39: SAGA API: Towards a Standard • The need for a standard programming interface – “Go it alone” versus “Community” model – Reinventing the wheel again, yet again, and again – MPI as a useful analogy of community standard – OGF the natural choice; establish SAGARG • “Tedium” of the standardisation process? – Not all technology needs to be standardised upfront – Standardisation not a guarantee to success • Requirements Document – Quick skim through the Requirements document re – Design and requirements derived from 23 Use Cases – Different projects, applications and functionality
Slide 40: The SAGA Landscape
Slide 41: SAGA C++ (LSU)
Slide 42: Implementation Requirements • Nontrivial set of requirements: – Allow heterogenous middleware to coexist – Cope with evolving grid environments; dyn resources – Future SAGA API extensions – Portable, syntactically and semantically platform independent; permit latency hiding mechanisms – Ease of deployment, configuration, multiplelanguage support, documentation etc. – Provide synchronous, asynchronous & task versions Portability, modularity, flexibility, adaptabilty, extensibility 10/22/2006 LCSD'06 42
Slide 43: Job Submission API 01: // Submitting a simple job and wait for completition 02: // 03: saga::job_description jobdef; 04: jobdef.set_attribute ("Executable", "job.sh"); 05: 06: saga::job_service js; 07: saga::job job = js.create_job ("remote.host.net", jobdef); 08: 09: job.run(); 10: 11: while( job.get_state() == saga::job::Running ) 12: { 13: std::cout << “ Job running with ID: “ 14: << job.get_attribute(“ JobID” ) << std::endl; 15: sleep(1); 16: }
Slide 44: SAGA Landscape
Slide 45: GridSAT First Principles Grid Application • Grid implementation of the satisfiability problem: To determine if the variables of given Boolean formula can be assigned such as to make it TRUE. • Adaptive: computation to communication ratio need/can be adjustable (!) • Allows new domain science – beats zChaff (time taken and problem) Adapted from slides by Wolski & Chakrab
Slide 46: GridSAT Characteristics • Parallel, distributed SAT solver – Both CPU and Memory Intensive – Splitting leads to better performance – Allows sharing: clause learned in solver shared • Grid Aware Application: – Heterogenous (single, clusters & supercomputers) – Dynamical Resource Usage • Unpredictable runtime behaviour – How much time? How many resources? When to split? Which process splits first? – Problems vary: easy to hard, short to long – Need to be adaptive, “add resources as you go”
Slide 47: GridSAT: Programming Requirements • RPC, Dynamic resource & Job Error Handling, scheduling and management checkpointing SAGA provides the required programming functionality, at the correct level of abstraction and thus makes it easier to manage, deploy and extend (for new functionality) GridSAT
Slide 48: Legacy Application: Replica Exchange • “Class of algorithm” used for bio molecular simulations • e.g., Protein (mis) folding • Primarily used for • Enhanced sampling • Determine transition rates • Task Level Parallelism – Embarrassingly distributable!
Slide 49: Replica Exchange Algorithm • Create replicas of initial R1 configuration • Spawn 'N' replicas over R2 different machine R3 • Run for time t RN • Attempt configuration swap of Ri <> Rj • Run for further time t hot • ... T • Repeat till termination t Exchange attempts 300K t
Slide 50: RE: Programming Requirements RE can be implemented using following “primitives” • Read job description – # of processors, replicas, determine resources • Submit jobs – Move files, job launch • Access simulation data & analysis • Checkpoint and relaunch simulations – Exchange, RPC (to swap or not) Implement above using “grid primitives” provided by SAGA Separated “distributed” logic from “simulation” logic Independent of underlying code/engine Science kernel is independent of details of distributed resource management Desktop akin to Highend supercomputer!!
Slide 51: Programming Distributed Applications Parallel Programming Analogy Status of distributed programming today, (somewhat) similar to parallel programming preMPI days MPI was a “success” in that it helped many new applications – MPI was simple – MPI was a standard (stable and portable code!) • SAGA is to the grid application developer, what MPI is to the parallel program developer (“gridprimitives”) • SAGA conception & trajectory similar to MPI – SAGA is simple to use – OGF specification; on path to becoming a standard •Therefore, SAGA's Measure(s) of success: • Does SAGA enable “new” grid applications?
Slide 52: Outline • Scientific Grid Applications • Computing Free Energies in Biological Systems – STIMD (200304), SPICE (200506) • Challenges of Distributed Environments • HARC: A tool for coallocating resources – GENIUS: GridEnabled Neurosurgical Imaging Using Simulations (200708) • Simple API for Grid Applications (SAGA) • Regional CI Example: LONI (Now part of TeraGrid!) • Hardware: Compute + Network • Software: Cactus, HARC, Petashare, SAGA... • People: LONI Institute and NSF Cybertools • Novel eScience Applications 52
Slide 53: 3 Axes: LONI CyberTools LONI Institute ~ 100TF IBM, Dell LA Tech Supercomputers National Lambda Rail LSU SUBR UNO ULL Tulane
Slide 54: Cybertools: Providing Application Software
Slide 55: Cybertools (2) WP4: Core Package!
Slide 56: Integrating Applications into a Cyberenvironment
Slide 57: 57
Slide 58: • Goal: Enable underlying infrastructure to manage the lowlevel data handling issues. • Novel approach: treat data storage resources and the tasks related to data access as first class entities just like computational resources and compute tasks. • Key technologies being developed: dataaware storage systems, dataaware schedulers (i.e. Stork), and cross domain metadata scheme. • PetaShare exploits 40 Gb/sec LONI connections between 5 LA Universities : LSU, LaTech, Tulane, ULL & UNO Cybertools: Not just compute! PI: Tevfik Kosar (CCT/LSU)
Slide 59: Participating institutions in the PetaShare project, connected through LONI. Sample research of the participating researchers pictured (i.e. biomechanics by Kodiyalam & Wischusen, tangible interaction by Ullmer, coastal studies by Walker, and molecular biology by Bishop). High Energy Physics Biomedical Data Mining LaTech Coastal Modeling Petroleum Engineering LSU Computational Fluid Dynamics Synchrotron X-ray Microtomography UNO Biophysics ULL Tulane Geology Molecular Biology Petroleum Engineering Computational Cardiac Electrophysiology
Slide 60: LONI Institute • Build on LONI infrastructure, create bold new inter university superstructure – New faculty, staff, students; train others. Focus on CS, Bio, Materials, but all disciplines impacted – Promote collaborative research at interfaces for innovation – Much stronger recruiting opportunities for all institutions • Two new faculty at each institution (12 total) – Six each in CS, Comp. Bio/Materials with half PKSFI matching; fully covered after five years • Six Computational Scientists – Support 7090 projects over five years; lead to external funding • Graduate students – 36 new students funded, trained; two years each
Slide 61: Applications: Where it all comes together... 61
Slide 62: Resource Performance Monitoring Application • NWS, BQP – only 1 resource at a time!! • jfdja; • How to choose M resources out of N ? e.g. MPICHG2 Application, which M • Cactus + SAGA + LONI (Lightpaths) 62 CENTER FOR COMPUTATION & TECHNOLOGY AT LOUISIANA STATE UNIVERSITY
Slide 63: 63
Slide 64: 64 CENTER FOR COMPUTATION & TECHNOLOGY AT LOUISIANA STATE UNIVERSITY
Slide 65: Acknowledegments: The SAGA Team Hartmut Kaiser Thilo Kielmann Andre Merzky Ceriel Jacobs Ole Weidner Kees Verstop
Slide 66: Acknowledgements • HARC: Jon Maclaren, LSU • GENIUS: Peter Coveney and Steve Manos, UCL • PetaShare: Tevfik Kosar • Students & Research Staff @ CCT • LONI Staff • Funding Agencies: NSF, EPSRC (UK), LA BoR 66 CENTER FOR COMPUTATION & TECHNOLOGY AT LOUISIANA STATE UNIVERSITY
Slide 67: Conference Announcement • MardiGras Conference 2008: “Novel Distributed Computing Applications and Technology” – http://mardigrasconference.org • Dan Katz (Chair) & Shantenu Jha (coChair) • Craig Lee (PC Chair), Geoffrey Fox (ViceChair, Emerging Technologies), Bill St. Arnaud (Vice Chair, NetworkInstensive Applications), Matei Ripeanu (UBC) Publicity • Oct 31 Paper Submission Deadline • Peer reviewed proceedings to be published in ACM library (ISBN I9781595938350) 67



Add a comment on Slide 1
If you have a SlideShare account, login to comment; else you can comment as a guest- Favorites & Groups
Showing 1-50 of 1 (more)