Muhammad Sajid us Salam Mphil Linguistics Islamia University Bahawalpur [email_address]

Muhammad Sajid us Salam

Mphil Linguistics

Islamia University Bahawalpur

[email_address]

Nominal Group The principal system operating at nominal group are those of Number Case Gender

The principal system operating at nominal group are those of

Number

Case

Gender

Number The system of number is usually regarded as a feature of word rank, and a system having the term singular and plural. That is: Singular Plural Number

The system of number is usually regarded as a feature of word rank, and a system having the term singular and plural. That is:

It is true the terms in the number system are to a large extent realized morphologically at word rank; thus we can say: boy =singular: boys=plural The system of number would more properly represented as Countable Singular Plural Number Uncountable

It is true the terms in the number system are to a large extent realized morphologically at word rank; thus we can say:

boy =singular: boys=plural

The system of number would more properly represented as

Countable Singular

Plural

Number

Uncountable

Singular; a, this, that, each, one, every. Plural; those, these, many, few, two, three. Uncountable; all, such, first, second, some, no, my, any unmarked noun (e.g. sheep, deer).

Singular; a, this, that, each, one, every.

Plural; those, these, many, few, two, three.

Uncountable; all, such, first, second, some, no, my, any unmarked noun (e.g. sheep, deer).

Case The system of case in English has two terms; Marked/ Common case Unmarked/ Genitive case For the marked case neither of the names is really suitable; the function of the case is to mark relation, but this relation may be one of a number of types of relation, and certainly not only one of possession.

The system of case in English has two terms;

Marked/ Common case

Unmarked/ Genitive case

For the marked case neither of the names is really suitable; the function of the case is to mark relation, but this relation may be one of a number of types of relation, and certainly not only one of possession.

The names of common and genitive are reasonably neutral and are well established. Thus; Common Genitive boy boy’s Singular horse horse’s man man’s

The names of common and genitive are reasonably neutral and are well established. Thus; Common Genitive

boy boy’s

Singular horse horse’s

man man’s

Common Genitive men men’s Plural boys boy’s daughters daughter’s

Common Genitive

men men’s

Plural boys boy’s

daughters daughter’s

Gender Gender is usually said to be ‘natural’ in English. It means that the contextually-determined classes of masculine, feminine and neuter are reflected by the grammatical system of gender. In other words, nouns referring to males are masculine in gender.

Gender is usually said to be ‘natural’ in English.

It means that the contextually-determined classes of masculine, feminine and neuter are reflected by the grammatical system of gender.

In other words, nouns referring to males are masculine in gender.

Noun referring to females are feminine in gender. Nouns referring to neither are neuter in gender. Masculine (man, boy, death) Gender Feminine (woman, girl, nature) Neuter (wood, Sunday, tree) Unmarked (he/she, he/it, she/it)

Noun referring to females are feminine in gender.

Nouns referring to neither are neuter in gender.

Masculine (man, boy, death)

Gender Feminine (woman, girl, nature)

Neuter (wood, Sunday, tree)

Unmarked (he/she, he/it, she/it)

Description of Unmarked Gender Nouns which correlates with either he or she. These are largely nouns denoting occupations, human relationships and some proper names, e.g. doctor, teacher, pupil, companion, servant, boss, supervisor, person. Nouns which correlates with either he or she or it; mainly animate non-human nouns such as: insect, spider, beetle, cock, bull.

Nouns which correlates with either he or she. These are largely nouns denoting occupations, human relationships and some proper names, e.g. doctor, teacher, pupil, companion, servant, boss, supervisor, person.

Nouns which correlates with either he or she or it; mainly animate non-human nouns such as: insect, spider, beetle, cock, bull.

Nouns which correlate with she or it; these include animate, non-human nouns, nouns referring to machines or engines, and place names, such as: mare, ship, car, train, country. Pakistan. Nouns correlating with he, she or it, mainly names of animals and non adult humans, such as: deer, dog, cat, horse, cow, child, baby.

Nouns which correlate with she or it; these include animate, non-human nouns, nouns referring to machines or engines, and place names, such as: mare, ship, car, train, country. Pakistan.

Nouns correlating with he, she or it, mainly names of animals and non adult humans, such as: deer, dog, cat, horse, cow, child, baby.